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Diff for /imach/src/imach.c between versions 1.162 and 1.278

-version 1.162, 2014/09/25 11:43:39
+version 1.278, 2017/07/19 14:09:02
  Line 1
  /* $Id$
    $State$
    $Log$
+   Revision 1.278  2017/07/19 14:09:02  brouard
+   Summary: Bug for mobil_average=0 and prevforecast fixed(?)
+   Revision 1.277  2017/07/17 08:53:49  brouard
+   Summary: BOM files can be read now
+   Revision 1.276  2017/06/30 15:48:31  brouard
+   Summary: Graphs improvements
+   Revision 1.275  2017/06/30 13:39:33  brouard
+   Summary: Saito's color
+   Revision 1.274  2017/06/29 09:47:08  brouard
+   Summary: Version 0.99r14
+   Revision 1.273  2017/06/27 11:06:02  brouard
+   Summary: More documentation on projections
+   Revision 1.272  2017/06/27 10:22:40  brouard
+   Summary: Color of backprojection changed from 6 to 5(yellow)
+   Revision 1.271  2017/06/27 10:17:50  brouard
+   Summary: Some bug with rint
+   Revision 1.270  2017/05/24 05:45:29  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.269  2017/05/23 08:39:25  brouard
+   Summary: Code into subroutine, cleanings
+   Revision 1.268  2017/05/18 20:09:32  brouard
+   Summary: backprojection and confidence intervals of backprevalence
+   Revision 1.267  2017/05/13 10:25:05  brouard
+   Summary: temporary save for backprojection
+   Revision 1.266  2017/05/13 07:26:12  brouard
+   Summary: Version 0.99r13 (improvements and bugs fixed)
+   Revision 1.265  2017/04/26 16:22:11  brouard
+   Summary: imach 0.99r13 Some bugs fixed
+   Revision 1.264  2017/04/26 06:01:29  brouard
+   Summary: Labels in graphs
+   Revision 1.263  2017/04/24 15:23:15  brouard
+   Summary: to save
+   Revision 1.262  2017/04/18 16:48:12  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.261  2017/04/05 10:14:09  brouard
+   Summary: Bug in E_ as well as in T_ fixed nres-1 vs k1-1
+   Revision 1.260  2017/04/04 17:46:59  brouard
+   Summary: Gnuplot indexations fixed (humm)
+   Revision 1.259  2017/04/04 13:01:16  brouard
+   Summary: Some errors to warnings only if date of death is unknown but status is death we could set to pi3
+   Revision 1.258  2017/04/03 10:17:47  brouard
+   Summary: Version 0.99r12
+   Some cleanings, conformed with updated documentation.
+   Revision 1.257  2017/03/29 16:53:30  brouard
+   Summary: Temp
+   Revision 1.256  2017/03/27 05:50:23  brouard
+   Summary: Temporary
+   Revision 1.255  2017/03/08 16:02:28  brouard
+   Summary: IMaCh version 0.99r10 bugs in gnuplot fixed
+   Revision 1.254  2017/03/08 07:13:00  brouard
+   Summary: Fixing data parameter line
+   Revision 1.253  2016/12/15 11:59:41  brouard
+   Summary: 0.99 in progress
+   Revision 1.252  2016/09/15 21:15:37  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.251  2016/09/15 15:01:13  brouard
+   Summary: not working
+   Revision 1.250  2016/09/08 16:07:27  brouard
+   Summary: continue
+   Revision 1.249  2016/09/07 17:14:18  brouard
+   Summary: Starting values from frequencies
+   Revision 1.248  2016/09/07 14:10:18  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.247  2016/09/02 11:11:21  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.246  2016/09/02 08:49:22  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.245  2016/09/02 07:25:01  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.244  2016/09/02 07:17:34  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.243  2016/09/02 06:45:35  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.242  2016/08/30 15:01:20  brouard
+   Summary: Fixing a lots
+   Revision 1.241  2016/08/29 17:17:25  brouard
+   Summary: gnuplot problem in Back projection to fix
+   Revision 1.240  2016/08/29 07:53:18  brouard
+   Summary: Better
+   Revision 1.239  2016/08/26 15:51:03  brouard
+   Summary: Improvement in Powell output in order to copy and paste
+   Author:
+   Revision 1.238  2016/08/26 14:23:35  brouard
+   Summary: Starting tests of 0.99
+   Revision 1.237  2016/08/26 09:20:19  brouard
+   Summary: to valgrind
+   Revision 1.236  2016/08/25 10:50:18  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.235  2016/08/25 06:59:23  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.234  2016/08/23 16:51:20  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.233  2016/08/23 07:40:50  brouard
+   Summary: not working
+   Revision 1.232  2016/08/22 14:20:21  brouard
+   Summary: not working
+   Revision 1.231  2016/08/22 07:17:15  brouard
+   Summary: not working
+   Revision 1.230  2016/08/22 06:55:53  brouard
+   Summary: Not working
+   Revision 1.229  2016/07/23 09:45:53  brouard
+   Summary: Completing for func too
+   Revision 1.228  2016/07/22 17:45:30  brouard
+   Summary: Fixing some arrays, still debugging
+   Revision 1.226  2016/07/12 18:42:34  brouard
+   Summary: temp
+   Revision 1.225  2016/07/12 08:40:03  brouard
+   Summary: saving but not running
+   Revision 1.224  2016/07/01 13:16:01  brouard
+   Summary: Fixes
+   Revision 1.223  2016/02/19 09:23:35  brouard
+   Summary: temporary
+   Revision 1.222  2016/02/17 08:14:50  brouard
+   Summary: Probably last 0.98 stable version 0.98r6
+   Revision 1.221  2016/02/15 23:35:36  brouard
+   Summary: minor bug
+   Revision 1.219  2016/02/15 00:48:12  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.218  2016/02/12 11:29:23  brouard
+   Summary: 0.99 Back projections
+   Revision 1.217  2015/12/23 17:18:31  brouard
+   Summary: Experimental backcast
+   Revision 1.216  2015/12/18 17:32:11  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r4 Warning and status=-2
+   Version 0.98r4 is now:
+    - displaying an error when status is -1, date of interview unknown and date of death known;
+    - permitting a status -2 when the vital status is unknown at a known date of right truncation.
+   Older changes concerning s=-2, dating from 2005 have been supersed.
+   Revision 1.215  2015/12/16 08:52:24  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r4 working
+   Revision 1.214  2015/12/16 06:57:54  brouard
+   Summary: temporary not working
+   Revision 1.213  2015/12/11 18:22:17  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r4
+   Revision 1.212  2015/11/21 12:47:24  brouard
+   Summary: minor typo
+   Revision 1.211  2015/11/21 12:41:11  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r3 with some graph of projected cross-sectional
+   Author: Nicolas Brouard
+   Revision 1.210  2015/11/18 17:41:20  brouard
+   Summary: Start working on projected prevalences  Revision 1.209  2015/11/17 22:12:03  brouard
+   Summary: Adding ftolpl parameter
+   Author: N Brouard
+   We had difficulties to get smoothed confidence intervals. It was due
+   to the period prevalence which wasn't computed accurately. The inner
+   parameter ftolpl is now an outer parameter of the .imach parameter
+   file after estepm. If ftolpl is small 1.e-4 and estepm too,
+   computation are long.
+   Revision 1.208  2015/11/17 14:31:57  brouard
+   Summary: temporary
+   Revision 1.207  2015/10/27 17:36:57  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.206  2015/10/24 07:14:11  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.205  2015/10/23 15:50:53  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r3 some clarification for graphs on likelihood contributions
+   Revision 1.204  2015/10/01 16:20:26  brouard
+   Summary: Some new graphs of contribution to likelihood
+   Revision 1.203  2015/09/30 17:45:14  brouard
+   Summary: looking at better estimation of the hessian
+   Also a better criteria for convergence to the period prevalence And
+   therefore adding the number of years needed to converge. (The
+   prevalence in any alive state shold sum to one
+   Revision 1.202  2015/09/22 19:45:16  brouard
+   Summary: Adding some overall graph on contribution to likelihood. Might change
+   Revision 1.201  2015/09/15 17:34:58  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98r0
+   - Some new graphs like suvival functions
+   - Some bugs fixed like model=1+age+V2.
+   Revision 1.200  2015/09/09 16:53:55  brouard
+   Summary: Big bug thanks to Flavia
+   Even model=1+age+V2. did not work anymore
+   Revision 1.199  2015/09/07 14:09:23  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q6 changing default small png format for graph to vectorized svg.
+   Revision 1.198  2015/09/03 07:14:39  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q5 Flavia
+   Revision 1.197  2015/09/01 18:24:39  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.196  2015/08/18 23:17:52  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q5
+   Revision 1.195  2015/08/18 16:28:39  brouard
+   Summary: Adding a hack for testing purpose
+   After reading the title, ftol and model lines, if the comment line has
+   a q, starting with #q, the answer at the end of the run is quit. It
+   permits to run test files in batch with ctest. The former workaround was
+   $ echo q | imach foo.imach
+   Revision 1.194  2015/08/18 13:32:00  brouard
+   Summary:  Adding error when the covariance matrix doesn't contain the exact number of lines required by the model line.
+   Revision 1.193  2015/08/04 07:17:42  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q4
+   Revision 1.192  2015/07/16 16:49:02  brouard
+   Summary: Fixing some outputs
+   Revision 1.191  2015/07/14 10:00:33  brouard
+   Summary: Some fixes
+   Revision 1.190  2015/05/05 08:51:13  brouard
+   Summary: Adding digits in output parameters (7 digits instead of 6)
+   Fix 1+age+.
+   Revision 1.189  2015/04/30 14:45:16  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q2
+   Revision 1.188  2015/04/30 08:27:53  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.187  2015/04/29 09:11:15  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.186  2015/04/23 12:01:52  brouard
+   Summary: V1*age is working now, version 0.98q1
+   Some codes had been disabled in order to simplify and Vn*age was
+   working in the optimization phase, ie, giving correct MLE parameters,
+   but, as usual, outputs were not correct and program core dumped.
+   Revision 1.185  2015/03/11 13:26:42  brouard
+   Summary: Inclusion of compile and links command line for Intel Compiler
+   Revision 1.184  2015/03/11 11:52:39  brouard
+   Summary: Back from Windows 8. Intel Compiler
+   Revision 1.183  2015/03/10 20:34:32  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98q0, trying with directest, mnbrak fixed
+   We use directest instead of original Powell test; probably no
+   incidence on the results, but better justifications;
+   We fixed Numerical Recipes mnbrak routine which was wrong and gave
+   wrong results.
+   Revision 1.182  2015/02/12 08:19:57  brouard
+   Summary: Trying to keep directest which seems simpler and more general
+   Author: Nicolas Brouard
+   Revision 1.181  2015/02/11 23:22:24  brouard
+   Summary: Comments on Powell added
+   Author:
+   Revision 1.180  2015/02/11 17:33:45  brouard
+   Summary: Finishing move from main to function (hpijx and prevalence_limit)
+   Revision 1.179  2015/01/04 09:57:06  brouard
+   Summary: back to OS/X
+   Revision 1.178  2015/01/04 09:35:48  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.177  2015/01/03 18:40:56  brouard
+   Summary: Still testing ilc32 on OSX
+   Revision 1.176  2015/01/03 16:45:04  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.175  2015/01/03 16:33:42  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.174  2015/01/03 16:15:49  brouard
+   Summary: Still in cross-compilation
+   Revision 1.173  2015/01/03 12:06:26  brouard
+   Summary: trying to detect cross-compilation
+   Revision 1.172  2014/12/27 12:07:47  brouard
+   Summary: Back from Visual Studio and Intel, options for compiling for Windows XP
+   Revision 1.171  2014/12/23 13:26:59  brouard
+   Summary: Back from Visual C
+   Still problem with utsname.h on Windows
+   Revision 1.170  2014/12/23 11:17:12  brouard
+   Summary: Cleaning some \%% back to %%
+   The escape was mandatory for a specific compiler (which one?), but too many warnings.
+   Revision 1.169  2014/12/22 23:08:31  brouard
+   Summary: 0.98p
+   Outputs some informations on compiler used, OS etc. Testing on different platforms.
+   Revision 1.168  2014/12/22 15:17:42  brouard
+   Summary: update
+   Revision 1.167  2014/12/22 13:50:56  brouard
+   Summary: Testing uname and compiler version and if compiled 32 or 64
+   Testing on Linux 64
+   Revision 1.166  2014/12/22 11:40:47  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.165  2014/12/16 11:20:36  brouard
+   Summary: After compiling on Visual C
+   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
+   Revision 1.164  2014/12/16 10:52:11  brouard
+   Summary: Merging with Visual C after suppressing some warnings for unused variables. Also fixing Saito's bug 0.98Xn
+   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
+   Revision 1.163  2014/12/16 10:30:11  brouard
+   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
    Revision 1.162  2014/09/25 11:43:39  brouard
    Summary: temporary backup 0.99!
- Line 396
+ Line 794
    Short summary of the programme:
-   This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from
+   This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies or State-specific
-   cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a
+   (if states aren't health statuses) Expectancies from
-   first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are
+   cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in:
-   interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the
-   case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a
+   -1- a first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages
-   second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change
+   are interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in
-   (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are
+   the case of a health survey which is our main interest)
-   computed from the time spent in each health state according to a
-   model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the
+   -2- at least a second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which
-   Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The
+   measure each change (if any) in individual health status.  Health
-   simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the
+   expectancies are computed from the time spent in each health state
-   probability to be observed in state j at the second wave
+   according to a model. More health states you consider, more time is
-   conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore
+   necessary to reach the Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved
-   the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where
+   in the model.  The simplest model is the multinomial logistic model
-   'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more
+   where pij is the probability to be observed in state j at the second
-   complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program
+   wave conditional to be observed in state i at the first
-   where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites
+   wave. Therefore the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex +
-   you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
+   etc , where 'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to
+   have a more complex model than "constant and age", you should modify
+   the program where the markup *Covariates have to be included here
+   again* invites you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
    convergence.
    The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple
- Line 432
+ Line 833
    hPijx.
    Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also
    of the life expectancies. It also computes the period (stable) prevalence.
+ Back prevalence and projections:
+  - back_prevalence_limit(double *p, double **bprlim, double ageminpar,
+    double agemaxpar, double ftolpl, int *ncvyearp, double
+    dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass, int
+    mobilavproj)
+     Computes the back prevalence limit for any combination of
+     covariate values k at any age between ageminpar and agemaxpar and
+     returns it in **bprlim. In the loops,
+    - **bprevalim(**bprlim, ***mobaverage, nlstate, *p, age, **oldm,
+        **savm, **dnewm, **doldm, **dsavm, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k);
+    - hBijx Back Probability to be in state i at age x-h being in j at x
+    Computes for any combination of covariates k and any age between bage and fage
+    p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+                         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+    - hbxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k, nres);
+      Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over
+      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
+      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying
+      nhstepm*hstepm matrices.
+      Returns p3mat[i][j][h] after calling
+      p3mat[i][j][h]=matprod2(newm,
+      bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent, dnewm, doldm,
+      dsavm,ij),\ 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+      oldm);
+ Important routines
+ - func (or funcone), computes logit (pij) distinguishing
+   o fixed variables (single or product dummies or quantitative);
+   o varying variables by:
+    (1) wave (single, product dummies, quantitative),
+    (2) by age (can be month) age (done), age*age (done), age*Vn where Vn can be:
+        % fixed dummy (treated) or quantitative (not done because time-consuming);
+        % varying dummy (not done) or quantitative (not done);
+ - Tricode which tests the modality of dummy variables (in order to warn with wrong or empty modalities)
+   and returns the number of efficient covariates cptcoveff and modalities nbcode[Tvar[k]][1]= 0 and nbcode[Tvar[k]][2]= 1 usually.
+ - printinghtml which outputs results like life expectancy in and from a state for a combination of modalities of dummy variables
+   o There are 2*cptcoveff combinations of (0,1) for cptcoveff variables. Outputting only combinations with people, éliminating 1 1 if
+     race White (0 0), Black vs White (1 0), Hispanic (0 1) and 1 1 being meaningless.
    Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).
             Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.
- Line 489
+ Line 938
   end
  */
+ /* #define DEBUG */
+ /* #define DEBUGBRENT */
+ /* #define DEBUGLINMIN */
+ /* #define DEBUGHESS */
+ #define DEBUGHESSIJ
+ /* #define LINMINORIGINAL  /\* Don't use loop on scale in linmin (accepting nan) *\/ */
+ #define POWELL /* Instead of NLOPT */
+ #define POWELLNOF3INFF1TEST /* Skip test */
+ /* #define POWELLORIGINAL /\* Don't use Directest to decide new direction but original Powell test *\/ */
+ /* #define MNBRAKORIGINAL /\* Don't use mnbrak fix *\/ */
  #include <math.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
+ #include <ctype.h>
  #ifdef _WIN32
  #include <io.h>
+ #include <windows.h>
+ #include <tchar.h>
  #else
  #include <unistd.h>
  #endif
  #include <limits.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
+ #if defined(__GNUC__)
+ #include <sys/utsname.h> /* Doesn't work on Windows */
+ #endif
  #include <sys/stat.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  /* extern int errno; */
- Line 523
+ Line 988
  #include <gsl/gsl_multimin.h>
  #endif
  #ifdef NLOPT
  #include <nlopt.h>
  typedef struct {
- Line 533  typedef struct {
+ Line 999  typedef struct {
  /* #include <libintl.h> */
  /* #define _(String) gettext (String) */
- #define MAXLINE 1024 /* Was 256. Overflow with 312 with 2 states and 4 covariates. Should be ok */
+ #define MAXLINE 2048 /* Was 256 and 1024. Overflow with 312 with 2 states and 4 covariates. Should be ok */
  #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
  /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
- Line 549  typedef struct {
+ Line 1015  typedef struct {
  #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of live states (for func) */
  #define NDEATHMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
  #define NCOVMAX 20 /**< Maximum number of covariates, including generated covariates V1*V2 */
- #define codtabm(h,k)  1 & (h-1) >> (k-1) ;
+ #define codtabm(h,k)  (1 & (h-1) >> (k-1))+1
+ /*#define decodtabm(h,k,cptcoveff)= (h <= (1<<cptcoveff)?(((h-1) >> (k-1)) & 1) +1 : -1)*/
+ #define decodtabm(h,k,cptcoveff) (((h-1) >> (k-1)) & 1) +1
  #define MAXN 20000
  #define YEARM 12. /**< Number of months per year */
- #define AGESUP 130
+ /* #define AGESUP 130 */
+ #define AGESUP 150
+ #define AGEINF 0
+ #define AGEMARGE 25 /* Marge for agemin and agemax for(iage=agemin-AGEMARGE; iage <= agemax+3+AGEMARGE; iage++) */
  #define AGEBASE 40
- #define AGEGOMP 10. /**< Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
+ #define AGEOVERFLOW 1.e20
+ #define AGEGOMP 10 /**< Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
  #ifdef _WIN32
  #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
  #define CHARSEPARATOR "\\"
- Line 567  typedef struct {
+ Line 1039  typedef struct {
  /* $Id$ */
  /* $State$ */
+ #include "version.h"
- char version[]="Imach version 0.99, September 2014,INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121)";
+ char version[]=__IMACH_VERSION__;
+ char copyright[]="February 2016,INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121), Intel Software 2015-2018";
  char fullversion[]="$Revision$ $Date$";
  char strstart[80];
  char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH];
  int erreur=0, nberr=0, nbwarn=0; /* Error number, number of errors number of warnings  */
- int nvar=0, nforce=0; /* Number of variables, number of forces */
+ int nagesqr=0, nforce=0; /* nagesqr=1 if model is including age*age, number of forces */
  /* Number of covariates model=V2+V1+ V3*age+V2*V4 */
  int cptcovn=0; /**< cptcovn number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age and age*product) */
  int cptcovt=0; /**< cptcovt number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age) */
- int cptcovs=0; /**< cptcovs number of simple covariates V2+V1 =2 */
+ int cptcovs=0; /**< cptcovs number of simple covariates in the model V2+V1 =2 */
+ int cptcovsnq=0; /**< cptcovsnq number of simple covariates in the model but non quantitative V2+V1 =2 */
  int cptcovage=0; /**< Number of covariates with age: V3*age only =1 */
  int cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age */
  int cptcoveff=0; /* Total number of covariates to vary for printing results */
+ int ncovf=0; /* Total number of effective fixed covariates (dummy or quantitative) in the model */
+ int ncovv=0; /* Total number of effective (wave) varying covariates (dummy or quantitative) in the model */
+ int ncova=0; /* Total number of effective (wave and stepm) varying with age covariates (dummy of quantitative) in the model */
+ int nsd=0; /**< Total number of single dummy variables (output) */
+ int nsq=0; /**< Total number of single quantitative variables (output) */
+ int ncoveff=0; /* Total number of effective fixed dummy covariates in the model */
+ int nqfveff=0; /**< nqfveff Number of Quantitative Fixed Variables Effective */
+ int ntveff=0; /**< ntveff number of effective time varying variables */
+ int nqtveff=0; /**< ntqveff number of effective time varying quantitative variables */
  int cptcov=0; /* Working variable */
+ int ncovcombmax=NCOVMAX; /* Maximum calculated number of covariate combination = pow(2, cptcoveff) */
  int npar=NPARMAX;
  int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
  int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
  int ncovmodel=0, ncovcol=0;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
+ int  nqv=0, ntv=0, nqtv=0;    /* Total number of quantitative variables, time variable (dummy), quantitative and time variable */
  int popbased=0;
  int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
- Line 600  int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of step
+ Line 1085  int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of step
  int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
             * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
  int countcallfunc=0;  /* Count the number of calls to func */
+ int selected(int kvar); /* Is covariate kvar selected for printing results */
  double jmean=1; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
  double **matprod2(); /* test */
  double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
  double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
+ double   **ddnewms, **ddoldms, **ddsavms; /* for freeing later */
  /*FILE *fic ; */ /* Used in readdata only */
- FILE *ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
+ FILE *ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficresphtm, *ficresphtmfr, *ficrespl, *ficresplb,*ficrespij, *ficrespijb, *ficrest,*ficresf, *ficresfb,*ficrespop;
  FILE *ficlog, *ficrespow;
  int globpr=0; /* Global variable for printing or not */
  double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
- Line 625  FILE *ficrescveij;
+ Line 1114  FILE *ficrescveij;
  char filerescve[FILENAMELENGTH];
  FILE  *ficresvij;
  char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
- FILE  *ficresvpl;
- char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
  char title[MAXLINE];
- char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char model[MAXLINE]; /**< The model line */
+ char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH],  fileresplb[FILENAMELENGTH];
  char plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH], pplotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
  char tmpout[FILENAMELENGTH],  tmpout2[FILENAMELENGTH];
  char command[FILENAMELENGTH];
  int  outcmd=0;
- char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespijb[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char fileresu[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* fileres without r in front */
  char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
  char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
  char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
- Line 665  double dval;
+ Line 1154  double dval;
  #define FTOL 1.0e-10
  #define NRANSI
  #define ITMAX 200
+ #define ITPOWMAX 20 /* This is now multiplied by the number of parameters */
  #define TOL 2.0e-4
- Line 683  static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
+ Line 1173  static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
  #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
  #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
+ /* http://www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de/~robbers/cmbeasy/doc/html/myutils_8h-source.html */
+ #define mytinydouble 1.0e-16
+ /* #define DEQUAL(a,b) (fabs((a)-(b))<mytinydouble) */
+ /* http://www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de/~robbers/cmbeasy/doc/html/mynrutils_8h-source.html */
+ /* static double dsqrarg; */
+ /* #define DSQR(a) (DEQUAL((dsqrarg=(a)),0.0) ? 0.0 : dsqrarg*dsqrarg) */
  static double sqrarg;
  #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
  #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;}
- Line 698  int estepm;
+ Line 1193  int estepm;
  int m,nb;
  long *num;
- int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage,*cens;
+ int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *cens;
+ int *ncodemax;  /* ncodemax[j]= Number of modalities of the j th
+                    covariate for which somebody answered excluding
+                    undefined. Usually 2: 0 and 1. */
+ int *ncodemaxwundef;  /* ncodemax[j]= Number of modalities of the j th
+                              covariate for which somebody answered including
+                              undefined. Usually 3: -1, 0 and 1. */
  double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
- double **pmmij, ***probs;
+ double **pmmij, ***probs; /* Global pointer */
+ double ***mobaverage, ***mobaverages; /* New global variable */
  double *ageexmed,*agecens;
  double dateintmean=0;
- Line 709  int **s; /* Status */
+ Line 1211  int **s; /* Status */
  double *agedc;
  double  **covar; /**< covar[j,i], value of jth covariate for individual i,
                    * covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
-                   * cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; */
+                   * cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*age; */
+ double **coqvar; /* Fixed quantitative covariate nqv */
+ double ***cotvar; /* Time varying covariate ntv */
+ double ***cotqvar; /* Time varying quantitative covariate itqv */
  double  idx;
  int **nbcode, *Tvar; /**< model=V2 => Tvar[1]= 2 */
+ /*           V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ /*k          1  2   3   4     5    6    7     8    9 */
+ /*Tvar[k]=   5  4   3   6     5    2    7     1    1 */
+ /* Tndvar[k]    1   2   3               4          5 */
+ /*TDvar         4   3   6               7          1 */ /* For outputs only; combination of dummies fixed or varying */
+ /* Tns[k]    1  2   2              4               5 */ /* Number of single cova */
+ /* TvarsD[k]    1   2                              3 */ /* Number of single dummy cova */
+ /* TvarsDind    2   3                              9 */ /* position K of single dummy cova */
+ /* TvarsQ[k] 1                     2                 */ /* Number of single quantitative cova */
+ /* TvarsQind 1                     6                 */ /* position K of single quantitative cova */
+ /* Tprod[i]=k           4               7            */
+ /* Tage[i]=k                  5               8      */
+ /* */
+ /* Type                    */
+ /* V         1  2  3  4  5 */
+ /*           F  F  V  V  V */
+ /*           D  Q  D  D  Q */
+ /*                         */
+ int *TvarsD;
+ int *TvarsDind;
+ int *TvarsQ;
+ int *TvarsQind;
+ #define MAXRESULTLINES 10
+ int nresult=0;
+ int parameterline=0; /* # of the parameter (type) line */
+ int TKresult[MAXRESULTLINES];
+ int Tresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX];/* For dummy variable , value (output) */
+ int Tinvresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX];/* For dummy variable , value (output) */
+ int Tvresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX]; /* For dummy variable , variable # (output) */
+ double Tqresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX]; /* For quantitative variable , value (output) */
+ double Tqinvresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX]; /* For quantitative variable , value (output) */
+ int Tvqresult[MAXRESULTLINES][NCOVMAX]; /* For quantitative variable , variable # (output) */
+ /* int *TDvar; /\**< TDvar[1]=4,  TDvarF[2]=3, TDvar[3]=6  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 *\/ */
+ int *TvarF; /**< TvarF[1]=Tvar[6]=2,  TvarF[2]=Tvar[7]=7, TvarF[3]=Tvar[9]=1  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarFind; /**< TvarFind[1]=6,  TvarFind[2]=7, Tvarind[3]=9  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarV; /**< TvarV[1]=Tvar[1]=5, TvarV[2]=Tvar[2]=4  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarVind; /**< TvarVind[1]=1, TvarVind[2]=2  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarA; /**< TvarA[1]=Tvar[5]=5, TvarA[2]=Tvar[8]=1  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarAind; /**< TvarindA[1]=5, TvarAind[2]=8  in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarFD; /**< TvarFD[1]=V1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarFDind; /* TvarFDind[1]=9 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+ int *TvarFQ; /* TvarFQ[1]=V2 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+ int *TvarFQind; /* TvarFQind[1]=6 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+ int *TvarVD; /* TvarVD[1]=V5 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+ int *TvarVDind; /* TvarVDind[1]=1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+ int *TvarVQ; /* TvarVQ[1]=V5 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying quantitative variable */
+ int *TvarVQind; /* TvarVQind[1]=1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying quantitative variable */
+ int *Tvarsel; /**< Selected covariates for output */
+ double *Tvalsel; /**< Selected modality value of covariate for output */
+ int *Typevar; /**< 0 for simple covariate (dummy, quantitative, fixed or varying), 1 for age product, 2 for  product */
+ int *Fixed; /** Fixed[k] 0=fixed, 1 varying, 2 fixed with age product, 3 varying with age product */
+ int *Dummy; /** Dummy[k] 0=dummy (0 1), 1 quantitative (single or product without age), 2 dummy with age product, 3 quant with age product */
+ int *DummyV; /** Dummy[v] 0=dummy (0 1), 1 quantitative */
+ int *FixedV; /** FixedV[v] 0 fixed, 1 varying */
+ int *Tage;
+ int anyvaryingduminmodel=0; /**< Any varying dummy in Model=1 yes, 0 no, to avoid a loop on waves in freq */
+ int *Tmodelind; /** Tmodelind[Tvaraff[3]]=9 for V1 position,Tvaraff[1]@9={4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, model=V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1*/
+ int *TmodelInvind; /** Tmodelind[Tvaraff[3]]=9 for V1 position,Tvaraff[1]@9={4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, model=V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1*/
+ int *TmodelInvQind; /** Tmodelqind[1]=1 for V5(quantitative varying) position,Tvaraff[1]@9={4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, model=V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1  */
  int *Ndum; /** Freq of modality (tricode */
- int **codtab; /**< codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); */
+ /* int **codtab;*/ /**< codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); */
- int **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
+ int **Tvard;
+ int *Tprod;/**< Gives the k position of the k1 product */
+ /* Tprod[k1=1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3  */
+ int *Tposprod; /**< Gives the k1 product from the k position */
+    /* if  V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2   TProd[k1=2]=5 (V3*V2) */
+    /* Tposprod[k]=k1 , Tposprod[3]=1, Tposprod[5(V3*V2)]=2 (2nd product without age) */
+ int cptcovprod, *Tvaraff, *invalidvarcomb;
  double *lsurv, *lpop, *tpop;
+ #define FD 1; /* Fixed dummy covariate */
+ #define FQ 2; /* Fixed quantitative covariate */
+ #define FP 3; /* Fixed product covariate */
+ #define FPDD 7; /* Fixed product dummy*dummy covariate */
+ #define FPDQ 8; /* Fixed product dummy*quantitative covariate */
+ #define FPQQ 9; /* Fixed product quantitative*quantitative covariate */
+ #define VD 10; /* Varying dummy covariate */
+ #define VQ 11; /* Varying quantitative covariate */
+ #define VP 12; /* Varying product covariate */
+ #define VPDD 13; /* Varying product dummy*dummy covariate */
+ #define VPDQ 14; /* Varying product dummy*quantitative covariate */
+ #define VPQQ 15; /* Varying product quantitative*quantitative covariate */
+ #define APFD 16; /* Age product * fixed dummy covariate */
+ #define APFQ 17; /* Age product * fixed quantitative covariate */
+ #define APVD 18; /* Age product * varying dummy covariate */
+ #define APVQ 19; /* Age product * varying quantitative covariate */
+ #define FTYPE 1; /* Fixed covariate */
+ #define VTYPE 2; /* Varying covariate (loop in wave) */
+ #define ATYPE 2; /* Age product covariate (loop in dh within wave)*/
+ struct kmodel{
+         int maintype; /* main type */
+         int subtype; /* subtype */
+ };
+ struct kmodel modell[NCOVMAX];
  double ftol=FTOL; /**< Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
  double ftolhess; /**< Tolerance for computing hessian */
- Line 727  static int split( char *path, char *dirc
+ Line 1327  static int split( char *path, char *dirc
       the name of the file (name), its extension only (ext) and its first part of the name (finame)
    */
    char  *ss;                            /* pointer */
-   int   l1, l2;                         /* length counters */
+   int   l1=0, l2=0;                             /* length counters */
    l1 = strlen(path );                   /* length of path */
    if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
- Line 738  static int split( char *path, char *dirc
+ Line 1338  static int split( char *path, char *dirc
        printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
      /* get current working directory */
      /*    extern  char* getcwd ( char *buf , int len);*/
-     if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
+ #ifdef WIN32
+     if (_getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
+ #else
+         if (getcwd(dirc, FILENAME_MAX) == NULL) {
+ #endif
        return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
      }
      /* got dirc from getcwd*/
      printf(" DIRC = %s \n",dirc);
-   } else {                              /* strip direcotry from path */
+   } else {                              /* strip directory from path */
      ss++;                               /* after this, the filename */
      l2 = strlen( ss );                  /* length of filename */
      if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
      strcpy( name, ss );         /* save file name */
      strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );     /* now the directory */
-     dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                    /* add zero */
+     dirc[l1-l2] = '\0';                 /* add zero */
      printf(" DIRC2 = %s \n",dirc);
    }
    /* We add a separator at the end of dirc if not exists */
- Line 801  char *trimbb(char *out, char *in)
+ Line 1405  char *trimbb(char *out, char *in)
    return s;
  }
+ /* char *substrchaine(char *out, char *in, char *chain) */
+ /* { */
+ /*   /\* Substract chain 'chain' from 'in', return and output 'out' *\/ */
+ /*   char *s, *t; */
+ /*   t=in;s=out; */
+ /*   while ((*in != *chain) && (*in != '\0')){ */
+ /*     *out++ = *in++; */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   /\* *in matches *chain *\/ */
+ /*   while ((*in++ == *chain++) && (*in != '\0')){ */
+ /*     printf("*in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   in--; chain--; */
+ /*   while ( (*in != '\0')){ */
+ /*     printf("Bef *in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
+ /*     *out++ = *in++; */
+ /*     printf("Aft *in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   *out='\0'; */
+ /*   out=s; */
+ /*   return out; */
+ /* } */
+ char *substrchaine(char *out, char *in, char *chain)
+ {
+   /* Substract chain 'chain' from 'in', return and output 'out' */
+   /* in="V1+V1*age+age*age+V2", chain="age*age" */
+   char *strloc;
+   strcpy (out, in);
+   strloc = strstr(out, chain); /* strloc points to out at age*age+V2 */
+   printf("Bef strloc=%s chain=%s out=%s \n", strloc, chain, out);
+   if(strloc != NULL){
+     /* will affect out */ /* strloc+strlenc(chain)=+V2 */ /* Will also work in Unicode */
+     memmove(strloc,strloc+strlen(chain), strlen(strloc+strlen(chain))+1);
+     /* strcpy (strloc, strloc +strlen(chain));*/
+   }
+   printf("Aft strloc=%s chain=%s in=%s out=%s \n", strloc, chain, in, out);
+   return out;
+ }
  char *cutl(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
  {
-   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before first occurence of char 'occ'
+   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before FIRST occurence of char 'occ'
       and alocc starts after first occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
-      gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
+      gives blocc="abcdef" and alocc="ghi2j".
       If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns blocc
    */
    char *s, *t;
- Line 831  char *cutl(char *blocc, char *alocc, cha
+ Line 1478  char *cutl(char *blocc, char *alocc, cha
  }
  char *cutv(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
  {
-   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before last occurence of char 'occ'
+   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before LAST occurence of char 'occ'
       and alocc starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
       gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
       If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns alocc
- Line 865  int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
+ Line 1512  int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
    i=0;
    lg=strlen(s);
    for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
-   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
+     if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
    }
    return j;
  }
- Line 1108  char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *pre
+ Line 1755  char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *pre
    strcat(tmpout,fileres);
    return tmpout;
  }
+ /*************** function subdirfext ***********/
+ char *subdirfext(char fileres[], char *preop, char *postop)
+ {
+   strcpy(tmpout,preop);
+   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
+   strcat(tmpout,postop);
+   return tmpout;
+ }
+ /*************** function subdirfext3 ***********/
+ char *subdirfext3(char fileres[], char *preop, char *postop)
+ {
+   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
+   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
+   strcat(tmpout,"/");
+   strcat(tmpout,preop);
+   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
+   strcat(tmpout,postop);
+   return tmpout;
+ }
  char *asc_diff_time(long time_sec, char ascdiff[])
  {
    long sec_left, days, hours, minutes;
- Line 1142  double f1dim(double x)
+ Line 1812  double f1dim(double x)
  /*****************brent *************************/
  double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,  double *xmin)
  {
+   /* Given a function f, and given a bracketing triplet of abscissas ax, bx, cx (such that bx is
+    * between ax and cx, and f(bx) is less than both f(ax) and f(cx) ), this routine isolates
+    * the minimum to a fractional precision of about tol using Brent’s method. The abscissa of
+    * the minimum is returned as xmin, and the minimum function value is returned as brent , the
+    * returned function value.
+   */
    int iter;
    double a,b,d,etemp;
    double fu=0,fv,fw,fx;
-   double ftemp;
+   double ftemp=0.;
    double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm;
    double e=0.0;
- Line 1180  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
+ Line 1856  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
        etemp=e;
        e=d;
        if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x))
-         d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
+                                 d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
        else {
-         d=p/q;
+                                 d=p/q;
-         u=x+d;
+                                 u=x+d;
-         if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2)
+                                 if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2)
-           d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x);
+                                         d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x);
        }
      } else {
        d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
- Line 1195  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
+ Line 1871  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
      if (fu <= fx) {
        if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x;
        SHFT(v,w,x,u)
-         SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu)
+       SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu)
-         } else {
+     } else {
-           if (u < x) a=u; else b=u;
+       if (u < x) a=u; else b=u;
-           if (fu <= fw || w == x) {
+       if (fu <= fw || w == x) {
-             v=w;
+                                 v=w;
-             w=u;
+                                 w=u;
-             fv=fw;
+                                 fv=fw;
-             fw=fu;
+                                 fw=fu;
-           } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) {
+       } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) {
-             v=u;
+                                 v=u;
-             fv=fu;
+                                 fv=fu;
-           }
+       }
-         }
+     }
    }
    nrerror("Too many iterations in brent");
    *xmin=x;
- Line 1218  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
+ Line 1894  double brent(double ax, double bx, doubl
  void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc,
              double (*func)(double))
- {
+ { /* Given a function func , and given distinct initial points ax and bx , this routine searches in
+ the downhill direction (defined by the function as evaluated at the initial points) and returns
+ new points ax , bx , cx that bracket a minimum of the function. Also returned are the function
+ values at the three points, fa, fb , and fc such that fa > fb and fb < fc.
+    */
    double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
    double fu;
-   *fa=(*func)(*ax);
+   double scale=10.;
-   *fb=(*func)(*bx);
+   int iterscale=0;
+   *fa=(*func)(*ax); /*  xta[j]=pcom[j]+(*ax)*xicom[j]; fa=f(xta[j])*/
+   *fb=(*func)(*bx); /*  xtb[j]=pcom[j]+(*bx)*xicom[j]; fb=f(xtb[j]) */
+   /* while(*fb != *fb){ /\* *ax should be ok, reducing distance to *ax *\/ */
+   /*   printf("Warning mnbrak *fb = %lf, *bx=%lf *ax=%lf *fa==%lf iter=%d\n",*fb, *bx, *ax, *fa, iterscale++); */
+   /*   *bx = *ax - (*ax - *bx)/scale; */
+   /*   *fb=(*func)(*bx);  /\*  xtb[j]=pcom[j]+(*bx)*xicom[j]; fb=f(xtb[j]) *\/ */
+   /* } */
    if (*fb > *fa) {
      SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum)
-       SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum)
+     SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum)
-       }
+   }
    *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax);
    *fc=(*func)(*cx);
-   while (*fb > *fc) { /* Declining fa, fb, fc */
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+   printf("mnbrak0 a=%lf *fa=%lf, b=%lf *fb=%lf, c=%lf *fc=%lf\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx, *fc);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"mnbrak0 a=%lf *fa=%lf, b=%lf *fb=%lf, c=%lf *fc=%lf\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx, *fc);
+ #endif
+   while (*fb > *fc) { /* Declining a,b,c with fa> fb > fc. If fc=inf it exits and if flat fb=fc it exits too.*/
      r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc);
-     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa);
+     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa); /* What if fa=inf */
      u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/
-       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r)); /* Minimum abscisse of a parabolic estimated from (a,fa), (b,fb) and (c,fc). */
+       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r)); /* Minimum abscissa of a parabolic estimated from (a,fa), (b,fb) and (c,fc). */
-     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx); /* Maximum abscisse where function can be evaluated */
+     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx); /* Maximum abscissa where function should be evaluated */
-     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) { /* if u between b and c */
+     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) { /* if u_p is between b and c */
        fu=(*func)(u);
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       /* f(x)=A(x-u)**2+f(u) */
+       double A, fparabu;
+       A= (*fb - *fa)/(*bx-*ax)/(*bx+*ax-2*u);
+       fparabu= *fa - A*(*ax-u)*(*ax-u);
+       printf("\nmnbrak (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf, fparabu=%.12f, q=%lf < %lf=r)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu, fparabu,q,r);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf, fparabu=%.12f, q=%lf < %lf=r)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu, fparabu,q,r);
+       /* And thus,it can be that fu > *fc even if fparabu < *fc */
+       /* mnbrak (*ax=7.666299858533, *fa=299039.693133272231), (*bx=8.595447774979, *fb=298976.598289369489),
+         (*cx=10.098840694817, *fc=298946.631474258087),  (*u=9.852501168332, fu=298948.773013752128, fparabu=298945.434711494134) */
+       /* In that case, there is no bracket in the output! Routine is wrong with many consequences.*/
+ #endif
+ #ifdef MNBRAKORIGINAL
+ #else
+ /*       if (fu > *fc) { */
+ /* #ifdef DEBUG */
+ /*       printf("mnbrak4  fu > fc \n"); */
+ /*       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak4 fu > fc\n"); */
+ /* #endif */
+ /*      /\* SHFT(u,*cx,*cx,u) /\\* ie a=c, c=u and u=c; in that case, next SHFT(a,b,c,u) will give a=b=b, b=c=u, c=u=c and *\\/  *\/ */
+ /*      /\* SHFT(*fa,*fc,fu,*fc) /\\* (b, u, c) is a bracket while test fb > fc will be fu > fc  will exit *\\/ *\/ */
+ /*      dum=u; /\* Shifting c and u *\/ */
+ /*      u = *cx; */
+ /*      *cx = dum; */
+ /*      dum = fu; */
+ /*      fu = *fc; */
+ /*      *fc =dum; */
+ /*       } else { /\* end *\/ */
+ /* #ifdef DEBUG */
+ /*       printf("mnbrak3  fu < fc \n"); */
+ /*       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak3 fu < fc\n"); */
+ /* #endif */
+ /*      dum=u; /\* Shifting c and u *\/ */
+ /*      u = *cx; */
+ /*      *cx = dum; */
+ /*      dum = fu; */
+ /*      fu = *fc; */
+ /*      *fc =dum; */
+ /*       } */
+ #ifdef DEBUGMNBRAK
+                  double A, fparabu;
+      A= (*fb - *fa)/(*bx-*ax)/(*bx+*ax-2*u);
+      fparabu= *fa - A*(*ax-u)*(*ax-u);
+      printf("\nmnbrak35 ax=%lf fa=%lf bx=%lf fb=%lf, u=%lf fp=%lf fu=%lf < or >= fc=%lf cx=%lf, q=%lf < %lf=r \n",*ax, *fa, *bx,*fb,u,fparabu,fu,*fc,*cx,q,r);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak35 ax=%lf fa=%lf bx=%lf fb=%lf, u=%lf fp=%lf fu=%lf < or >= fc=%lf cx=%lf, q=%lf < %lf=r \n",*ax, *fa, *bx,*fb,u,fparabu,fu,*fc,*cx,q,r);
+ #endif
+       dum=u; /* Shifting c and u */
+       u = *cx;
+       *cx = dum;
+       dum = fu;
+       fu = *fc;
+       *fc =dum;
+ #endif
      } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) { /* u is after c but before ulim */
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       printf("\nmnbrak2  u=%lf after c=%lf but before ulim\n",u,*cx);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak2  u=%lf after c=%lf but before ulim\n",u,*cx);
+ #endif
        fu=(*func)(u);
        if (fu < *fc) {
-         SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx))
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-           SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u))
+                                 printf("\nmnbrak2  u=%lf after c=%lf but before ulim=%lf AND fu=%lf < %lf=fc\n",u,*cx,ulim,fu, *fc);
-           }
+                           fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak2  u=%lf after c=%lf but before ulim=%lf AND fu=%lf < %lf=fc\n",u,*cx,ulim,fu, *fc);
+ #endif
+                           SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx))
+                                 SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u))
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+                                         printf("\nmnbrak2 shift GOLD c=%lf",*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx));
+ #endif
+       }
      } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) { /* u outside ulim (verifying that ulim is beyond c) */
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       printf("\nmnbrak2  u=%lf outside ulim=%lf (verifying that ulim is beyond c=%lf)\n",u,ulim,*cx);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak2  u=%lf outside ulim=%lf (verifying that ulim is beyond c=%lf)\n",u,ulim,*cx);
+ #endif
        u=ulim;
        fu=(*func)(u);
-     } else {
+     } else { /* u could be left to b (if r > q parabola has a maximum) */
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       printf("\nmnbrak2  u=%lf could be left to b=%lf (if r=%lf > q=%lf parabola has a maximum)\n",u,*bx,r,q);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak2  u=%lf could be left to b=%lf (if r=%lf > q=%lf parabola has a maximum)\n",u,*bx,r,q);
+ #endif
        u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx);
        fu=(*func)(u);
-     }
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       printf("\nmnbrak2 new u=%lf fu=%lf shifted gold left from c=%lf and b=%lf \n",u,fu,*cx,*bx);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nmnbrak2 new u=%lf fu=%lf shifted gold left from c=%lf and b=%lf \n",u,fu,*cx,*bx);
+ #endif
+     } /* end tests */
      SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u)
-       SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu)
+     SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu)
-       }
+ #ifdef DEBUG
- }
+       printf("\nmnbrak2 shift (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc);
+       fprintf(ficlog, "\nmnbrak2 shift (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc);
+ #endif
+   } /* end while; ie return (a, b, c, fa, fb, fc) such that a < b < c with f(a) > f(b) and fb < f(c) */
+ }
  /*************** linmin ************************/
  /* Given an n -dimensional point p[1..n] and an n -dimensional direction xi[1..n] , moves and
- Line 1266  int ncom;
+ Line 2041  int ncom;
  double *pcom,*xicom;
  double (*nrfunc)(double []);
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double []))
+ #else
+ void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double []), int *flat)
+ #endif
  {
    double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx,
                 double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin);
- Line 1276  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int
+ Line 2055  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int
    int j;
    double xx,xmin,bx,ax;
    double fx,fb,fa;
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+   double scale=10., axs, xxs; /* Scale added for infinity */
+ #endif
    ncom=n;
    pcom=vector(1,n);
    xicom=vector(1,n);
    nrfunc=func;
    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
      pcom[j]=p[j];
-     xicom[j]=xi[j];
+     xicom[j]=xi[j]; /* Former scale xi[j] of currrent direction i */
    }
-   ax=0.0;
-   xx=1.0;
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
-   mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim); /* Find a bracket a,x,b in direction n=xi ie xicom */
+   xx=1.;
-   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin); /* Find a minimum P+lambda n in that direction (lambdamin), with TOL between abscisses */
+ #else
+   axs=0.0;
+   xxs=1.;
+   do{
+     xx= xxs;
+ #endif
+     ax=0.;
+     mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim);  /* Outputs: xtx[j]=pcom[j]+(*xx)*xicom[j]; fx=f(xtx[j]) */
+     /* brackets with inputs ax=0 and xx=1, but points, pcom=p, and directions values, xicom=xi, are sent via f1dim(x) */
+     /* xt[x,j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j]  f(ax) = f(xt(a,j=1,n)) = f(p(j) + 0 * xi(j)) and  f(xx) = f(xt(x, j=1,n)) = f(p(j) + 1 * xi(j))   */
+     /* Outputs: fa=f(p(j)) and fx=f(p(j) + xxs * xi(j) ) and f(bx)= f(p(j)+ bx* xi(j)) */
+     /* Given input ax=axs and xx=xxs, xx might be too far from ax to get a finite f(xx) */
+     /* Searches on line, outputs (ax, xx, bx) such that fx < min(fa and fb) */
+     /* Find a bracket a,x,b in direction n=xi ie xicom, order may change. Scale is [0:xxs*xi[j]] et non plus  [0:xi[j]]*/
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+     if (fx != fx){
+                         xxs=xxs/scale; /* Trying a smaller xx, closer to initial ax=0 */
+                         printf("|");
+                         fprintf(ficlog,"|");
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+                         printf("\nLinmin NAN : input [axs=%lf:xxs=%lf], mnbrak outputs fx=%lf <(fb=%lf and fa=%lf) with xx=%lf in [ax=%lf:bx=%lf] \n",  axs, xxs, fx,fb, fa, xx, ax, bx);
+ #endif
+     }
+   }while(fx != fx && xxs > 1.e-5);
+ #endif
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+   printf("\nLinmin after mnbrak: ax=%12.7f xx=%12.7f bx=%12.7f fa=%12.2f fx=%12.2f fb=%12.2f\n",  ax,xx,bx,fa,fx,fb);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nLinmin after mnbrak: ax=%12.7f xx=%12.7f bx=%12.7f fa=%12.2f fx=%12.2f fb=%12.2f\n",  ax,xx,bx,fa,fx,fb);
+ #endif
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+         if(fb == fx){ /* Flat function in the direction */
+                 xmin=xx;
+     *flat=1;
+         }else{
+     *flat=0;
+ #endif
+                 /*Flat mnbrak2 shift (*ax=0.000000000000, *fa=51626.272983130431), (*bx=-1.618034000000, *fb=51590.149499362531), (*cx=-4.236068025156, *fc=51590.149499362531) */
+   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin); /* Giving a bracketting triplet (ax, xx, bx), find a minimum, xmin, according to f1dim, *fret(xmin),*/
+   /* fa = f(p[j] + ax * xi[j]), fx = f(p[j] + xx * xi[j]), fb = f(p[j] + bx * xi[j]) */
+   /* fmin = f(p[j] + xmin * xi[j]) */
+   /* P+lambda n in that direction (lambdamin), with TOL between abscisses */
+   /* f1dim(xmin): for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+xmin*xicom[j]; */
  #ifdef DEBUG
-   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
+   printf("retour brent from bracket (a=%lf fa=%lf, xx=%lf fx=%lf, b=%lf fb=%lf): fret=%lf xmin=%lf\n",ax,fa,xx,fx,bx,fb,*fret,xmin);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent from bracket (a=%lf fa=%lf, xx=%lf fx=%lf, b=%lf fb=%lf): fret=%lf xmin=%lf\n",ax,fa,xx,fx,bx,fb,*fret,xmin);
+ #endif
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+                         }
+ #endif
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+   printf("linmin end ");
+   fprintf(ficlog,"linmin end ");
  #endif
    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
      xi[j] *= xmin;
-     p[j] += xi[j];
+ #else
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+     if(xxs <1.0)
+       printf(" before xi[%d]=%12.8f", j,xi[j]);
+ #endif
+     xi[j] *= xmin*xxs; /* xi rescaled by xmin and number of loops: if xmin=-1.237 and xi=(1,0,...,0) xi=(-1.237,0,...,0) */
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+     if(xxs <1.0)
+       printf(" after xi[%d]=%12.8f, xmin=%12.8f, ax=%12.8f, xx=%12.8f, bx=%12.8f, xxs=%12.8f", j,xi[j], xmin, ax, xx, bx,xxs );
+ #endif
+ #endif
+     p[j] += xi[j]; /* Parameters values are updated accordingly */
    }
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+   printf("\n");
+   printf("Comparing last *frec(xmin=%12.8f)=%12.8f from Brent and frec(0.)=%12.8f \n", xmin, *fret, (*func)(p));
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Comparing last *frec(xmin=%12.8f)=%12.8f from Brent and frec(0.)=%12.8f \n", xmin, *fret, (*func)(p));
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+     printf(" xi[%d]= %14.10f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xi[j],j,p[j]);
+     fprintf(ficlog," xi[%d]= %14.10f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xi[j],j,p[j]);
+     if(j % ncovmodel == 0){
+       printf("\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+     }
+   }
+ #else
+ #endif
    free_vector(xicom,1,n);
    free_vector(pcom,1,n);
  }
- Line 1311  such that failure to decrease by more th
+ Line 2173  such that failure to decrease by more th
  output, p is set to the best point found, xi is the then-current direction set, fret is the returned
  function value at p , and iter is the number of iterations taken. The routine linmin is used.
   */
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+         int *flatdir; /* Function is vanishing in that direction */
+         int flat=0, flatd=0; /* Function is vanishing in that direction */
+ #endif
  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret,
              double (*func)(double []))
  {
-   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,
                double (*func)(double []));
-   int i,ibig,j;
+ #else
+  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,
+              double (*func)(double []),int *flat);
+ #endif
+  int i,ibig,j,jk,k;
    double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
+   double directest;
    double fp,fptt;
    double *xits;
    int niterf, itmp;
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+   flatdir=ivector(1,n);
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) flatdir[j]=0;
+ #endif
    pt=vector(1,n);
    ptt=vector(1,n);
- Line 1328  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
+ Line 2207  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
    xits=vector(1,n);
    *fret=(*func)(p);
    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j];
-     rcurr_time = time(NULL);
+   rcurr_time = time(NULL);
    for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) {
-     fp=(*fret);
+     fp=(*fret); /* From former iteration or initial value */
      ibig=0;
      del=0.0;
      rlast_time=rcurr_time;
- Line 1340  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
+ Line 2219  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
      printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time);fflush(stdout);
      fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret,rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time); fflush(ficlog);
  /*     fprintf(ficrespow,"%d %.12f %ld",*iter,*fret,curr_time.tm_sec-start_time.tm_sec); */
-    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
+     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
-       fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12lf",i, p[i]);
        fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[i]);
      }
+     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
+     printf("\n#model=  1      +     age ");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\n#model=  1      +     age ");
+     if(nagesqr==1){
+         printf("  + age*age  ");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"  + age*age  ");
+     }
+     for(j=1;j <=ncovmodel-2;j++){
+       if(Typevar[j]==0) {
+         printf("  +      V%d  ",Tvar[j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"  +      V%d  ",Tvar[j]);
+       }else if(Typevar[j]==1) {
+         printf("  +    V%d*age ",Tvar[j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"  +    V%d*age ",Tvar[j]);
+       }else if(Typevar[j]==2) {
+         printf("  +    V%d*V%d ",Tvard[Tposprod[j]][1],Tvard[Tposprod[j]][2]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"  +    V%d*V%d ",Tvard[Tposprod[j]][1],Tvard[Tposprod[j]][2]);
+       }
+     }
      printf("\n");
+ /*     printf("12   47.0114589    0.0154322   33.2424412    0.3279905    2.3731903  */
+ /* 13  -21.5392400    0.1118147    1.2680506    1.2973408   -1.0663662  */
      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
+     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-     if(*iter <=3){
+       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+         if (k != i) {
+           printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+           for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+             printf("%12.7f ",p[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f ",p[jk]);
+             jk++;
+           }
+           printf("\n");
+           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+         }
+       }
+     }
+     if(*iter <=3 && *iter >1){
        tml = *localtime(&rcurr_time);
        strcpy(strcurr,asctime(&tml));
        rforecast_time=rcurr_time;
- Line 1363  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
+ Line 2275  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
          strcpy(strfor,asctime(&forecast_time));
          itmp = strlen(strfor);
          if(strfor[itmp-1]=='\n')
-         strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
+           strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
          printf("   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
          fprintf(ficlog,"   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
        }
      }
-     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
+     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { /* For each direction i */
-       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i];
+       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i]; /* Directions stored from previous iteration with previous scales */
        fptt=(*fret);
  #ifdef DEBUG
-       printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);
+       printf("fret=%lf, %lf, %lf \n", *fret, *fret, *fret);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"fret=%lf \n",*fret);
+       fprintf(ficlog, "fret=%lf, %lf, %lf \n", *fret, *fret, *fret);
  #endif
-       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
+       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout); /* print direction (parameter) i */
        fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
-       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
-       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) {
+       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); /* Point p[n]. xit[n] has been loaded for direction i as input.*/
-         del=fabs(fptt-(*fret));
+ #else
-         ibig=i;
+       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func,&flat); /* Point p[n]. xit[n] has been loaded for direction i as input.*/
+                         flatdir[i]=flat; /* Function is vanishing in that direction i */
+ #endif
+                         /* Outputs are fret(new point p) p is updated and xit rescaled */
+       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) { /* We are keeping the max gain on each of the n directions */
+                                 /* because that direction will be replaced unless the gain del is small */
+                                 /* in comparison with the 'probable' gain, mu^2, with the last average direction. */
+                                 /* Unless the n directions are conjugate some gain in the determinant may be obtained */
+                                 /* with the new direction. */
+                                 del=fabs(fptt-(*fret));
+                                 ibig=i;
        }
  #ifdef DEBUG
        printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
        fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-         xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
+                                 xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
-         printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
+                                 printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
-         fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
+                                 fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
        }
        for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-         printf(" p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
+                                 printf(" p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
-         fprintf(ficlog," p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
+                                 fprintf(ficlog," p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
  #endif
-     } /* end i */
+     } /* end loop on each direction i */
-     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {
+     /* Convergence test will use last linmin estimation (fret) and compare former iteration (fp) */
+     /* But p and xit have been updated at the end of linmin, *fret corresponds to new p, xit  */
+     /* New value of last point Pn is not computed, P(n-1) */
+       for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+                                 if(flatdir[j] >0){
+                                         printf(" p(%d)=%lf flat=%d ",j,p[j],flatdir[j]);
+                                         fprintf(ficlog," p(%d)=%lf flat=%d ",j,p[j],flatdir[j]);
+                                 }
+                                 /* printf("\n"); */
+                                 /* fprintf(ficlog,"\n"); */
+                         }
+     /* if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) { /\* Did we reach enough precision? *\/ */
+     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol) { /* Did we reach enough precision? */
+       /* We could compare with a chi^2. chisquare(0.95,ddl=1)=3.84 */
+       /* By adding age*age in a model, the new -2LL should be lower and the difference follows a */
+       /* a chisquare statistics with 1 degree. To be significant at the 95% level, it should have */
+       /* decreased of more than 3.84  */
+       /* By adding age*age and V1*age the gain (-2LL) should be more than 5.99 (ddl=2) */
+       /* By using V1+V2+V3, the gain should be  7.82, compared with basic 1+age. */
+       /* By adding 10 parameters more the gain should be 18.31 */
+       /* Starting the program with initial values given by a former maximization will simply change */
+       /* the scales of the directions and the directions, because the are reset to canonical directions */
+       /* Thus the first calls to linmin will give new points and better maximizations until fp-(*fret) is */
+       /* under the tolerance value. If the tolerance is very small 1.e-9, it could last long.  */
  #ifdef DEBUG
        int k[2],l;
        k[0]=1;
- Line 1422  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
+ Line 2368  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
        }
  #endif
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+ #else
+       free_ivector(flatdir,1,n);
+ #endif
        free_vector(xit,1,n);
        free_vector(xits,1,n);
        free_vector(ptt,1,n);
        free_vector(pt,1,n);
        return;
-     }
+     } /* enough precision */
-     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations.");
+     if (*iter == ITMAX*n) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations.");
-     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { /* Computes an extrapolated point */
+     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { /* Computes the extrapolated point P_0 + 2 (P_n-P_0) */
        ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j];
        xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j];
        pt[j]=p[j];
      }
-     fptt=(*func)(ptt);
+     fptt=(*func)(ptt); /* f_3 */
+ #ifdef NODIRECTIONCHANGEDUNTILNITER  /* No change in drections until some iterations are done */
+                 if (*iter <=4) {
+ #else
+ #endif
+ #ifdef POWELLNOF3INFF1TEST    /* skips test F3 <F1 */
+ #else
      if (fptt < fp) { /* If extrapolated point is better, decide if we keep that new direction or not */
+ #endif
        /* (x1 f1=fp), (x2 f2=*fret), (x3 f3=fptt), (xm fm) */
        /* From x1 (P0) distance of x2 is at h and x3 is 2h */
        /* Let f"(x2) be the 2nd derivative equal everywhere.  */
        /* Then the parabolic through (x1,f1), (x2,f2) and (x3,f3) */
        /* will reach at f3 = fm + h^2/2 f"m  ; f" = (f1 -2f2 +f3 ) / h**2 */
-       /* f1-f3 = delta(2h) = 2 h**2 f'' = 2(f1- 2f2 +f3) */
+       /* Conditional for using this new direction is that mu^2 = (f1-2f2+f3)^2 /2 < del or directest <0 */
-       /* Thus we compare delta(2h) with observed f1-f3 */
+       /* also  lamda^2=(f1-f2)^2/mu² is a parasite solution of powell */
-       /* or best gain on one ancient line 'del' with total  */
+       /* For powell, inclusion of this average direction is only if t(del)<0 or del inbetween mu^2 and lambda^2 */
-       /* gain f1-f2 = f1 - f2 - 'del' with del  */
        /* t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt); */
+       /*  Even if f3 <f1, directest can be negative and t >0 */
-       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del);
+       /* mu² and del² are equal when f3=f1 */
+                         /* f3 < f1 : mu² < del <= lambda^2 both test are equivalent */
+                         /* f3 < f1 : mu² < lambda^2 < del then directtest is negative and powell t is positive */
+                         /* f3 > f1 : lambda² < mu^2 < del then t is negative and directest >0  */
+                         /* f3 > f1 : lambda² < del < mu^2 then t is positive and directest >0  */
+ #ifdef NRCORIGINAL
+       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)- del*SQR(fp-fptt); /* Original Numerical Recipes in C*/
+ #else
+       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del); /* Intel compiler doesn't work on one line; bug reported */
        t= t- del*SQR(fp-fptt);
-       printf("t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t);
+ #endif
-       fprintf(ficlog,"t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t);
+       directest = fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt - 2.0 * del; /* If delta was big enough we change it for a new direction */
  #ifdef DEBUG
+       printf("t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf  directest=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t,directest);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf directest=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t,directest);
        printf("t3= %.12lf, t4= %.12lf, t3*= %.12lf, t4*= %.12lf\n",SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),SQR(fp-fptt),
               (fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del),(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt));
        fprintf(ficlog,"t3= %.12lf, t4= %.12lf, t3*= %.12lf, t4*= %.12lf\n",SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),SQR(fp-fptt),
- Line 1460  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
+ Line 2425  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int
        printf("tt= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n",2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*(fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt),t);
        fprintf(ficlog, "tt= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n",2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*(fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt),t);
  #endif
-       if (t < 0.0) { /* Then we use it for last direction */
+ #ifdef POWELLORIGINAL
-         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); /* computes mean on the extrapolated direction.*/
+       if (t < 0.0) { /* Then we use it for new direction */
+ #else
+       if (directest*t < 0.0) { /* Contradiction between both tests */
+                                 printf("directest= %.12lf (if <0 we include P0 Pn as new direction), t= %.12lf, f1= %.12lf,f2= %.12lf,f3= %.12lf, del= %.12lf\n",directest, t, fp,(*fret),fptt,del);
+         printf("f1-2f2+f3= %.12lf, f1-f2-del= %.12lf, f1-f3= %.12lf\n",fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt, fp -(*fret) -del, fp-fptt);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"directest= %.12lf (if directest<0 or t<0 we include P0 Pn as new direction), t= %.12lf, f1= %.12lf,f2= %.12lf,f3= %.12lf, del= %.12lf\n",directest, t, fp,(*fret),fptt, del);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"f1-2f2+f3= %.12lf, f1-f2-del= %.12lf, f1-f3= %.12lf\n",fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt, fp -(*fret) -del, fp-fptt);
+       }
+       if (directest < 0.0) { /* Then we use it for new direction */
+ #endif
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+         printf("Before linmin in direction P%d-P0\n",n);
+         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+           printf(" Before xit[%d]= %12.7f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xit[j],j,p[j]);
+           fprintf(ficlog," Before xit[%d]= %12.7f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xit[j],j,p[j]);
+           if(j % ncovmodel == 0){
+             printf("\n");
+             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+           }
+         }
+ #endif
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
+         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); /* computes minimum on the extrapolated direction: changes p and rescales xit.*/
+ #else
+         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func,&flat); /* computes minimum on the extrapolated direction: changes p and rescales xit.*/
+         flatdir[i]=flat; /* Function is vanishing in that direction i */
+ #endif
+ #ifdef DEBUGLINMIN
+         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+           printf("After xit[%d]= %12.7f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xit[j],j,p[j]);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"After xit[%d]= %12.7f p[%d]= %12.7f",j,xit[j],j,p[j]);
+           if(j % ncovmodel == 0){
+             printf("\n");
+             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+           }
+         }
+ #endif
          for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-           xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n]; /* Replace the direction with biggest decrease by n */
+           xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n]; /* Replace direction with biggest decrease by last direction n */
-           xi[j][n]=xit[j];      /* and nth direction by the extrapolated */
+           xi[j][n]=xit[j];      /* and this nth direction by the by the average p_0 p_n */
          }
-         printf("Gaining to use average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction %d :\n",n,ibig);
+ #ifdef LINMINORIGINAL
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Gaining to use average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction :\n",n,ibig);
+ #else
+         for (j=1, flatd=0;j<=n;j++) {
+           if(flatdir[j]>0)
+             flatd++;
+         }
+         if(flatd >0){
+           printf("%d flat directions: ",flatd);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"%d flat directions :",flatd);
+           for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+             if(flatdir[j]>0){
+               printf("%d ",j);
+               fprintf(ficlog,"%d ",j);
+             }
+           }
+           printf("\n");
+           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+         }
+ #endif
+         printf("Gaining to use new average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction %d :\n",n,ibig);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Gaining to use new average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction %d :\n",n,ibig);
  #ifdef DEBUG
+         printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
          for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
-           printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
+           printf(" %lf",xit[j]);
-           fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
+           fprintf(ficlog," %lf",xit[j]);
          }
          printf("\n");
          fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
  #endif
-       } /* end of t negative */
+       } /* end of t or directest negative */
-     } /* end if (fptt < fp)  */
+ #ifdef POWELLNOF3INFF1TEST
-   }
+ #else
+       } /* end if (fptt < fp)  */
+ #endif
+ #ifdef NODIRECTIONCHANGEDUNTILNITER  /* No change in drections until some iterations are done */
+     } /*NODIRECTIONCHANGEDUNTILNITER  No change in drections until some iterations are done */
+ #else
+ #endif
+                 } /* loop iteration */
  }
  /**** Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
- double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
+   double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int *ncvyear, int ij, int nres)
- {
+   {
-   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
+     /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x and for covariate combination ij
-      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
+        (and selected quantitative values in nres)
+        by left multiplying the unit
+        matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached with precision ftolpl */
+   /* Wx= Wx-1 Px-1= Wx-2 Px-2 Px-1  = Wx-n Px-n ... Px-2 Px-1 I */
+   /* Wx is row vector: population in state 1, population in state 2, population dead */
+   /* or prevalence in state 1, prevalence in state 2, 0 */
+   /* newm is the matrix after multiplications, its rows are identical at a factor */
+   /* Initial matrix pimij */
+   /* {0.85204250825084937, 0.13044499163996345, 0.017512500109187184, */
+   /* 0.090851990222114765, 0.88271245433047185, 0.026435555447413338, */
+   /*  0,                   0                  , 1} */
+   /*
+    * and after some iteration: */
+   /* {0.45504275246439968, 0.42731458730878791, 0.11764266022681241, */
+   /*  0.45201005341706885, 0.42865420071559901, 0.11933574586733192, */
+   /*  0,                   0                  , 1} */
+   /* And prevalence by suppressing the deaths are close to identical rows in prlim: */
+   /* {0.51571254859325999, 0.4842874514067399, */
+   /*  0.51326036147820708, 0.48673963852179264} */
+   /* If we start from prlim again, prlim tends to a constant matrix */
    int i, ii,j,k;
-   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
+   double *min, *max, *meandiff, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
    /* double **matprod2(); */ /* test */
-   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **pmij();
+   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **pmij(); /* **pmmij is a global variable feeded with oldms etc */
    double **newm;
-   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
+   double agefin, delaymax=200. ; /* 100 Max number of years to converge */
+   int ncvloop=0;
+   min=vector(1,nlstate);
+   max=vector(1,nlstate);
+   meandiff=vector(1,nlstate);
+         /* Starting with matrix unity */
    for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
      for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
        oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
      }
-    cov[1]=1.;
+   cov[1]=1.;
-  /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
+   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
+   /* Start at agefin= age, computes the matrix of passage and loops decreasing agefin until convergence is reached */
    for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
+     ncvloop++;
      newm=savm;
      /* Covariates have to be included here again */
      cov[2]=agefin;
+     if(nagesqr==1)
-     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
+       cov[3]= agefin*agefin;;
-       cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
+     for (k=1; k<=nsd;k++) { /* For single dummy covariates only */
-       /*printf("prevalim ij=%d k=%d Tvar[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[%d][Tvar[%d]]=%d \n",ij,k, k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], ij, k, codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
+                         /* Here comes the value of the covariate 'ij' after renumbering k with single dummy covariates */
+       cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]]=nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+       /* printf("prevalim Dummy combi=%d k=%d TvarsD[%d]=V%d TvarsDind[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtabm(%d,Tvar[%d])=%d \n",ij,k, k, TvarsD[k],k,TvarsDind[k],nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)],cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]], ij, k, codtabm(ij,k)); */
+     }
+     for (k=1; k<=nsq;k++) { /* For single varying covariates only */
+                         /* Here comes the value of quantitative after renumbering k with single quantitative covariates */
+       cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsQind[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+       /* printf("prevalim Quantitative k=%d  TvarsQind[%d]=%d, TvarsQ[%d]=V%d,Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",k,k,TvarsQind[k],k,TvarsQ[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+     }
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++){  /* For product with age */
+       if(Dummy[Tvar[Tage[k]]]){
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2];
+       } else{
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+       }
+       /* printf("prevalim Age combi=%d k=%d  Tage[%d]=V%d Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",ij,k,k,Tage[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+     }
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++){ /* For product without age */
+       /* printf("prevalim Prod ij=%d k=%d  Tprod[%d]=%d Tvard[%d][1]=V%d, Tvard[%d][2]=V%d\n",ij,k,k,Tprod[k], k,Tvard[k][1], k,Tvard[k][2]); */
+       if(Dummy[Tvard[k][1]==0]){
+         if(Dummy[Tvard[k][2]==0]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+         }else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * Tqresult[nres][k];
+         }
+       }else{
+         if(Dummy[Tvard[k][2]==0]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)] * Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][1]];
+         }else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][1]]*  Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][2]];
+         }
+       }
      }
-     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
-     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /\* Useless *\/ */
-     /*   cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]]; */
      /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
      /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
      /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
      /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
      /* out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
+                 /* age and covariate values of ij are in 'cov' */
      out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /* Bug Valgrind */
      savm=oldm;
      oldm=newm;
-     maxmax=0.;
-     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate; j++){
-       min=1.;
+       max[j]=0.;
-       max=0.;
+       min[j]=1.;
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
+     }
-         sumnew=0;
+     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
-         for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
+       sumnew=0;
+       for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate; j++){
          prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
-         /*printf(" prevalim i=%d, j=%d, prmlim[%d][%d]=%f, agefin=%d \n", i, j, i, j, prlim[i][j],(int)agefin);*/
+         max[j]=FMAX(max[j],prlim[i][j]);
-         max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
+         min[j]=FMIN(min[j],prlim[i][j]);
-         min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
        }
-       maxmin=max-min;
-       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
      }
+     maxmax=0.;
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate; j++){
+       meandiff[j]=(max[j]-min[j])/(max[j]+min[j])*2.; /* mean difference for each column */
+       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,meandiff[j]);
+       /* printf(" age= %d meandiff[%d]=%f, agefin=%d max[%d]=%f min[%d]=%f maxmax=%f\n", (int)age, j, meandiff[j],(int)agefin, j, max[j], j, min[j],maxmax); */
+     } /* j loop */
+     *ncvyear= (int)age- (int)agefin;
+     /* printf("maxmax=%lf maxmin=%lf ncvloop=%d, age=%d, agefin=%d ncvyear=%d \n", maxmax, maxmin, ncvloop, (int)age, (int)agefin, *ncvyear); */
      if(maxmax < ftolpl){
+       /* printf("maxmax=%lf ncvloop=%ld, age=%d, agefin=%d ncvyear=%d \n", maxmax, ncvloop, (int)age, (int)agefin, *ncvyear); */
+       free_vector(min,1,nlstate);
+       free_vector(max,1,nlstate);
+       free_vector(meandiff,1,nlstate);
        return prlim;
      }
-   }
+   } /* age loop */
+     /* After some age loop it doesn't converge */
+   printf("Warning: the stable prevalence at age %d did not converge with the required precision (%g > ftolpl=%g) within %.0f years. Try to lower 'ftolpl'. \n\
+ Earliest age to start was %d-%d=%d, ncvloop=%d, ncvyear=%d\n", (int)age, maxmax, ftolpl, delaymax, (int)age, (int)delaymax, (int)agefin, ncvloop, *ncvyear);
+   /* Try to lower 'ftol', for example from 1.e-8 to 6.e-9.\n", ftolpl, (int)age, (int)delaymax, (int)agefin, ncvloop, (int)age-(int)agefin); */
+   free_vector(min,1,nlstate);
+   free_vector(max,1,nlstate);
+   free_vector(meandiff,1,nlstate);
+   return prlim; /* should not reach here */
+ }
+  /**** Back Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
+  /* double **bprevalim(double **bprlim, double ***prevacurrent, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double **oldm, double **savm, double **dnewm, double **doldm, double **dsavm, double ftolpl, int *ncvyear, int ij) */
+  /* double **bprevalim(double **bprlim, double ***prevacurrent, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double **dnewm, double **doldm, double **dsavm, double ftolpl, int *ncvyear, int ij) */
+   double **bprevalim(double **bprlim, double ***prevacurrent, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double ftolpl, int *ncvyear, int ij, int nres)
+ {
+   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x and for covariate combination ij (<=2**cptcoveff) by left multiplying the unit
+      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached with precision ftolpl */
+   /* Wx= Wx-1 Px-1= Wx-2 Px-2 Px-1  = Wx-n Px-n ... Px-2 Px-1 I */
+   /* Wx is row vector: population in state 1, population in state 2, population dead */
+   /* or prevalence in state 1, prevalence in state 2, 0 */
+   /* newm is the matrix after multiplications, its rows are identical at a factor */
+   /* Initial matrix pimij */
+   /* {0.85204250825084937, 0.13044499163996345, 0.017512500109187184, */
+   /* 0.090851990222114765, 0.88271245433047185, 0.026435555447413338, */
+   /*  0,                   0                  , 1} */
+   /*
+    * and after some iteration: */
+   /* {0.45504275246439968, 0.42731458730878791, 0.11764266022681241, */
+   /*  0.45201005341706885, 0.42865420071559901, 0.11933574586733192, */
+   /*  0,                   0                  , 1} */
+   /* And prevalence by suppressing the deaths are close to identical rows in prlim: */
+   /* {0.51571254859325999, 0.4842874514067399, */
+   /*  0.51326036147820708, 0.48673963852179264} */
+   /* If we start from prlim again, prlim tends to a constant matrix */
+   int i, ii,j,k;
+   int first=0;
+   double *min, *max, *meandiff, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
+   /* double **matprod2(); */ /* test */
+   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **bmij();
+   double **newm;
+   double         **dnewm, **doldm, **dsavm;  /* for use */
+   double         **oldm, **savm;  /* for use */
+   double agefin, delaymax=200. ; /* 100 Max number of years to converge */
+   int ncvloop=0;
+   min=vector(1,nlstate);
+   max=vector(1,nlstate);
+   meandiff=vector(1,nlstate);
+   dnewm=ddnewms; doldm=ddoldms; dsavm=ddsavms;
+   oldm=oldms; savm=savms;
+   /* Starting with matrix unity */
+   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+     }
+   cov[1]=1.;
+   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
+   /* Start at agefin= age, computes the matrix of passage and loops decreasing agefin until convergence is reached */
+   /* for(agefin=age+stepm/YEARM; agefin<=age+delaymax; agefin=agefin+stepm/YEARM){ /\* A changer en age *\/ */
+   for(agefin=age; agefin<AGESUP; agefin=agefin+stepm/YEARM){ /* A changer en age */
+     ncvloop++;
+     newm=savm; /* oldm should be kept from previous iteration or unity at start */
+                 /* newm points to the allocated table savm passed by the function it can be written, savm could be reallocated */
+     /* Covariates have to be included here again */
+     cov[2]=agefin;
+     if(nagesqr==1)
+       cov[3]= agefin*agefin;;
+     for (k=1; k<=nsd;k++) { /* For single dummy covariates only */
+                         /* Here comes the value of the covariate 'ij' after renumbering k with single dummy covariates */
+       cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]]=nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+       /* printf("bprevalim Dummy agefin=%.0f combi=%d k=%d TvarsD[%d]=V%d TvarsDind[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov[%d]=%lf codtabm(%d,Tvar[%d])=%d \n",agefin,ij,k, k, TvarsD[k],k,TvarsDind[k],nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)],2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k],cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]], ij, k, codtabm(ij,k)); */
+     }
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
+     /*   /\* cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,Tvar[k])]; *\/ */
+     /*   cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,k)]; */
+     /*   /\* printf("prevalim ij=%d k=%d Tvar[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtabm(%d,Tvar[%d])=%d \n",ij,k, k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,Tvar[k])],cov[2+k], ij, k, codtabm(ij,Tvar[k])]); *\/ */
+     /* } */
+     for (k=1; k<=nsq;k++) { /* For single varying covariates only */
+                         /* Here comes the value of quantitative after renumbering k with single quantitative covariates */
+       cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsQind[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+       /* printf("prevalim Quantitative k=%d  TvarsQind[%d]=%d, TvarsQ[%d]=V%d,Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",k,k,TvarsQind[k],k,TvarsQ[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+     }
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2]; */
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /\* Useless *\/ */
+     /*   /\* cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,Tvard[k][1])] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,Tvard[k][2])]; *\/ */
+     /*   cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)]; */
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++){  /* For product with age */
+       if(Dummy[Tvar[Tage[k]]]){
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2];
+       } else{
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+       }
+       /* printf("prevalim Age combi=%d k=%d  Tage[%d]=V%d Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",ij,k,k,Tage[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+     }
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++){ /* For product without age */
+       /* printf("prevalim Prod ij=%d k=%d  Tprod[%d]=%d Tvard[%d][1]=V%d, Tvard[%d][2]=V%d\n",ij,k,k,Tprod[k], k,Tvard[k][1], k,Tvard[k][2]); */
+       if(Dummy[Tvard[k][1]==0]){
+         if(Dummy[Tvard[k][2]==0]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+         }else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * Tqresult[nres][k];
+         }
+       }else{
+         if(Dummy[Tvard[k][2]==0]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)] * Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][1]];
+         }else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][1]]*  Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[k][2]];
+         }
+       }
+     }
+     /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
+     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
+     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
+     /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
+     /* out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
+                 /* ij should be linked to the correct index of cov */
+                 /* age and covariate values ij are in 'cov', but we need to pass
+                  * ij for the observed prevalence at age and status and covariate
+                  * number:  prevacurrent[(int)agefin][ii][ij]
+                  */
+     /* out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent, ageminpar, agemaxpar, dnewm, doldm, dsavm,ij)); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
+     /* out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent, dnewm, doldm, dsavm,ij)); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
+     out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent,ij)); /* Bug Valgrind */
+     /* if((int)age == 86 || (int)age == 87){ */
+     /*   printf(" Backward prevalim age=%d agefin=%d \n", (int) age, (int) agefin); */
+     /*   for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++) { */
+     /*  printf("%d newm= ",i); */
+     /*  for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+     /*    printf("%f ",newm[i][j]); */
+     /*  } */
+     /*  printf("oldm * "); */
+     /*  for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+     /*    printf("%f ",oldm[i][j]); */
+     /*  } */
+     /*  printf(" bmmij "); */
+     /*  for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+     /*    printf("%f ",pmmij[i][j]); */
+     /*  } */
+     /*  printf("\n"); */
+     /*   } */
+     /* } */
+     savm=oldm;
+     oldm=newm;
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate; j++){
+       max[j]=0.;
+       min[j]=1.;
+     }
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate; j++){
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
+         /* bprlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew); */
+         bprlim[i][j]= newm[i][j];
+         max[i]=FMAX(max[i],bprlim[i][j]); /* Max in line */
+         min[i]=FMIN(min[i],bprlim[i][j]);
+       }
+     }
+     maxmax=0.;
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
+       meandiff[i]=(max[i]-min[i])/(max[i]+min[i])*2.; /* mean difference for each column */
+       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,meandiff[i]);
+       /* printf("Back age= %d meandiff[%d]=%f, agefin=%d max[%d]=%f min[%d]=%f maxmax=%f\n", (int)age, i, meandiff[i],(int)agefin, i, max[i], i, min[i],maxmax); */
+     } /* i loop */
+     *ncvyear= -( (int)age- (int)agefin);
+     /* printf("Back maxmax=%lf ncvloop=%d, age=%d, agefin=%d ncvyear=%d \n", maxmax, ncvloop, (int)age, (int)agefin, *ncvyear); */
+     if(maxmax < ftolpl){
+       /* printf("OK Back maxmax=%lf ncvloop=%d, age=%d, agefin=%d ncvyear=%d \n", maxmax, ncvloop, (int)age, (int)agefin, *ncvyear); */
+       free_vector(min,1,nlstate);
+       free_vector(max,1,nlstate);
+       free_vector(meandiff,1,nlstate);
+       return bprlim;
+     }
+   } /* age loop */
+     /* After some age loop it doesn't converge */
+   if(first){
+     first=1;
+     printf("Warning: the back stable prevalence at age %d did not converge with the required precision (%g > ftolpl=%g) within %.0f years. Try to lower 'ftolpl'. Others in log file only...\n\
+ Oldest age to start was %d-%d=%d, ncvloop=%d, ncvyear=%d\n", (int)age, maxmax, ftolpl, delaymax, (int)age, (int)delaymax, (int)agefin, ncvloop, *ncvyear);
+   }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Warning: the back stable prevalence at age %d did not converge with the required precision (%g > ftolpl=%g) within %.0f years. Try to lower 'ftolpl'. \n\
+ Oldest age to start was %d-%d=%d, ncvloop=%d, ncvyear=%d\n", (int)age, maxmax, ftolpl, delaymax, (int)age, (int)delaymax, (int)agefin, ncvloop, *ncvyear);
+   /* Try to lower 'ftol', for example from 1.e-8 to 6.e-9.\n", ftolpl, (int)age, (int)delaymax, (int)agefin, ncvloop, (int)age-(int)agefin); */
+   free_vector(min,1,nlstate);
+   free_vector(max,1,nlstate);
+   free_vector(meandiff,1,nlstate);
+   return bprlim; /* should not reach here */
  }
  /*************** transition probabilities ***************/
- Line 1552  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nl
+ Line 2846  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nl
  double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
  {
    /* According to parameters values stored in x and the covariate's values stored in cov,
-      computes the probability to be observed in state j being in state i by appying the
+      computes the probability to be observed in state j (after stepm years) being in state i by appying the
       model to the ncovmodel covariates (including constant and age).
       lnpijopii=ln(pij/pii)= aij+bij*age+cij*v1+dij*v2+... = sum_nc=1^ncovmodel xij(nc)*cov[nc]
       and, according on how parameters are entered, the position of the coefficient xij(nc) of the
- Line 1561  double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov,
+ Line 2855  double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov,
       j>=i nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel
       Computes ln(pij/pii) (lnpijopii), deduces pij/pii by exponentiation,
       sums on j different of i to get 1-pii/pii, deduces pii, and then all pij.
-      Outputs ps[i][j] the probability to be observed in j being in j according to
+      Outputs ps[i][j] or probability to be observed in j being in i according to
       the values of the covariates cov[nc] and corresponding parameter values x[nc+shiftij]
+      Sum on j ps[i][j] should equal to 1.
    */
    double s1, lnpijopii;
    /*double t34;*/
-   int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;
+   int i,j, nc, ii, jj;
-     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+   for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
-       for(j=1; j<i;j++){
+     for(j=1; j<i;j++){
-         for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
+       for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
-           /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
+         /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
-           lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
+         lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
- /*       printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
+         /*       printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
-         }
-         ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
- /*      printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
-       }
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
-           /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
-           lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
- /*        printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
-         }
-         ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
        }
+       ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
+       /*        printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
      }
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+       for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
-       s1=0;
+         /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
-       for(j=1; j<i; j++){
+         lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
-         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
+         /*        printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
-         /*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
-       }
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
-         /*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
-       }
-       /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
-       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
-       /* Computing other pijs */
-       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
-         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
-         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
-       /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
-     } /* end i */
-     for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
-       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
-         ps[ii][jj]=0;
-         ps[ii][ii]=1;
        }
+       ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
      }
+   }
-     /* for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
+   for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
-     /*   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
+     s1=0;
-     /*  printf(" pmij  ps[%d][%d]=%lf ",ii,jj,ps[ii][jj]); */
+     for(j=1; j<i; j++){
-     /*   } */
+       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
-     /*   printf("\n "); */
+       /*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
+     }
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
+       /*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
+     }
+     /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
+     ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
+     /* Computing other pijs */
+     for(j=1; j<i; j++)
+       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
+       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
+   } /* end i */
+   for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+     for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+       ps[ii][jj]=0;
+       ps[ii][ii]=1;
+     }
+   }
+   /* for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
+   /*   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
+   /*    printf(" pmij  ps[%d][%d]=%lf ",ii,jj,ps[ii][jj]); */
+   /*   } */
+   /*   printf("\n "); */
+   /* } */
+   /* printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
+   /*
+     for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
+                 goto end;*/
+   return ps; /* Pointer is unchanged since its call */
+ }
+ /*************** backward transition probabilities ***************/
+  /* double **bmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate,  double ***prevacurrent, double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double ***dnewm, double **doldm, double **dsavm, int ij ) */
+ /* double **bmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate,  double ***prevacurrent, double ***dnewm, double **doldm, double **dsavm, int ij ) */
+  double **bmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate,  double ***prevacurrent, int ij )
+ {
+   /* Computes the backward probability at age agefin and covariate combination ij. In fact cov is already filled and x too.
+    * Call to pmij(cov and x), call to cross prevalence, sums and inverses, left multiply, and returns in **ps as well as **bmij.
+    */
+   int i, ii, j,k;
+   double **out, **pmij();
+   double sumnew=0.;
+   double agefin;
+   double k3=0.; /* constant of the w_x diagonal matrixe (in order for B to sum to 1 even for death state) */
+   double **dnewm, **dsavm, **doldm;
+   double **bbmij;
+   doldm=ddoldms; /* global pointers */
+   dnewm=ddnewms;
+   dsavm=ddsavms;
+   agefin=cov[2];
+   /* Bx = Diag(w_x) P_x Diag(Sum_i w^i_x p^ij_x */
+   /* bmij *//* age is cov[2], ij is included in cov, but we need for
+      the observed prevalence (with this covariate ij) at beginning of transition */
+   /* dsavm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
+   /* P_x */
+   pmmij=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); /*This is forward probability from agefin to agefin + stepm */
+   /* outputs pmmij which is a stochastic matrix in row */
+   /* Diag(w_x) */
+   /* Problem with prevacurrent which can be zero */
+   sumnew=0.;
+   /*for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++){*/
+   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate;ii++){ /* Only on live states */
+     /* printf(" agefin=%d, ii=%d, ij=%d, prev=%f\n",(int)agefin,ii, ij, prevacurrent[(int)agefin][ii][ij]);  */
+     sumnew+=prevacurrent[(int)agefin][ii][ij];
+   }
+   if(sumnew >0.01){  /* At least some value in the prevalence */
+     for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++){
+       for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+         doldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? prevacurrent[(int)agefin][ii][ij]/sumnew : 0.0);
+     }
+   }else{
+     for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++){
+       for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+       doldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1./nlstate : 0.0);
+     }
+     /* if(sumnew <0.9){ */
+     /*   printf("Problem internal bmij B: sum on i wi <0.9: j=%d, sum_i wi=%lf,agefin=%d\n",j,sumnew, (int)agefin); */
      /* } */
-     /* printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
+   }
-     /*
+   k3=0.0;  /* We put the last diagonal to 0 */
-       for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
+   for (ii=nlstate+1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++){
-       goto end;*/
+       doldm[ii][ii]= k3;
-     return ps;
+   }
+   /* End doldm, At the end doldm is diag[(w_i)] */
+   /* left Product of this diag matrix by pmmij=Px (dnewm=dsavm*doldm) */
+   bbmij=matprod2(dnewm, doldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, pmmij); /* Bug Valgrind */
+   /* Diag(Sum_i w^i_x p^ij_x */
+   /* w1 p11 + w2 p21 only on live states N1./N..*N11/N1. + N2./N..*N21/N2.=(N11+N21)/N..=N.1/N.. */
+   for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+     sumnew=0.;
+     for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate;ii++){
+       /* sumnew+=dsavm[ii][j]*prevacurrent[(int)agefin][ii][ij]; */
+       sumnew+=pmmij[ii][j]*doldm[ii][ii]; /* Yes prevalence at beginning of transition */
+     } /* sumnew is (N11+N21)/N..= N.1/N.. = sum on i of w_i pij */
+     for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++){
+         /* if(agefin >= agemaxpar && agefin <= agemaxpar+stepm/YEARM){ */
+         /*      dsavm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1./sumnew : 0.0); */
+         /* }else if(agefin >= agemaxpar+stepm/YEARM){ */
+         /*      dsavm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1./sumnew : 0.0); */
+         /* }else */
+       dsavm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1./sumnew : 0.0);
+     } /*End ii */
+   } /* End j, At the end dsavm is diag[1/(w_1p1i+w_2 p2i)] for ALL states even if the sum is only for live states */
+   ps=matprod2(ps, dnewm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, dsavm); /* Bug Valgrind */
+   /* ps is now diag[w_i] * Px * diag [1/(w_1p1i+w_2 p2i)] */
+   /* end bmij */
+   return ps; /*pointer is unchanged */
+ }
+ /*************** transition probabilities ***************/
+ double **bpmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
+ {
+   /* According to parameters values stored in x and the covariate's values stored in cov,
+      computes the probability to be observed in state j being in state i by appying the
+      model to the ncovmodel covariates (including constant and age).
+      lnpijopii=ln(pij/pii)= aij+bij*age+cij*v1+dij*v2+... = sum_nc=1^ncovmodel xij(nc)*cov[nc]
+      and, according on how parameters are entered, the position of the coefficient xij(nc) of the
+      ncth covariate in the global vector x is given by the formula:
+      j<i nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel
+      j>=i nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel
+      Computes ln(pij/pii) (lnpijopii), deduces pij/pii by exponentiation,
+      sums on j different of i to get 1-pii/pii, deduces pii, and then all pij.
+      Outputs ps[i][j] the probability to be observed in j being in j according to
+      the values of the covariates cov[nc] and corresponding parameter values x[nc+shiftij]
+   */
+   double s1, lnpijopii;
+   /*double t34;*/
+   int i,j, nc, ii, jj;
+   for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+     for(j=1; j<i;j++){
+       for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
+         /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
+         lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
+         /*       printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
+       }
+       ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
+       /*        printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
+     }
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
+         /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
+         lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
+         /*        printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
+       }
+       ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
+     }
+   }
+   for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+     s1=0;
+     for(j=1; j<i; j++){
+       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
+       /*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
+     }
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
+       /*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
+     }
+     /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
+     ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
+     /* Computing other pijs */
+     for(j=1; j<i; j++)
+       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
+       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
+   } /* end i */
+   for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+     for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+       ps[ii][jj]=0;
+       ps[ii][ii]=1;
+     }
+   }
+   /* Added for backcast */ /* Transposed matrix too */
+   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+     s1=0.;
+     for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+       s1+=ps[ii][jj];
+     }
+     for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate; ii++){
+       ps[ii][jj]=ps[ii][jj]/s1;
+     }
+   }
+   /* Transposition */
+   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+     for(ii=jj; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+       s1=ps[ii][jj];
+       ps[ii][jj]=ps[jj][ii];
+       ps[jj][ii]=s1;
+     }
+   }
+   /* for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
+   /*   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
+   /*    printf(" pmij  ps[%d][%d]=%lf ",ii,jj,ps[ii][jj]); */
+   /*   } */
+   /*   printf("\n "); */
+   /* } */
+   /* printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
+   /*
+     for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
+     goto end;*/
+   return ps;
  }
  /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
  double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,int nrl, int nrh, int ncl, int nch, int ncolol, int ncoloh, double **b)
- Line 1651  double **matprod2(double **out, double *
+ Line 3131  double **matprod2(double **out, double *
  /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
- double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
+ double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij, int nres )
  {
-   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over
+   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' and combination of covariate values corresponding to ij over
       'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
       age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying
       nhstepm*hstepm matrices.
- Line 1668  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
+ Line 3148  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
    int i, j, d, h, k;
    double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
    double **newm;
+   double agexact;
+   double agebegin, ageend;
    /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
    for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
- Line 1681  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
+ Line 3163  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
        newm=savm;
        /* Covariates have to be included here again */
        cov[1]=1.;
-       cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
+       agexact=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM; /* age just before transition */
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++)
+       cov[2]=agexact;
-         cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
+       if(nagesqr==1)
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)
+         cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
-         cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
+       for (k=1; k<=nsd;k++) { /* For single dummy covariates only */
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /* Useless because included in cptcovn */
+                         /* Here comes the value of the covariate 'ij' after renumbering k with single dummy covariates */
-         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
+         cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]]=nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+         /* printf("hpxij Dummy combi=%d k=%d TvarsD[%d]=V%d TvarsDind[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtabm(%d,Tvar[%d])=%d \n",ij,k, k, TvarsD[k],k,TvarsDind[k],nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)],cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]], ij, k, codtabm(ij,k)); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=nsq;k++) { /* For single varying covariates only */
+         /* Here comes the value of quantitative after renumbering k with single quantitative covariates */
+         cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsQind[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+         /* printf("hPxij Quantitative k=%d  TvarsQind[%d]=%d, TvarsQ[%d]=V%d,Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",k,k,TvarsQind[k],k,TvarsQ[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++){
+         if(Dummy[Tvar[Tage[k]]]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2];
+         } else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+         }
+         /* printf("hPxij Age combi=%d k=%d  Tage[%d]=V%d Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",ij,k,k,Tage[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++){ /*  */
+         /* printf("hPxij Prod ij=%d k=%d  Tprod[%d]=%d Tvard[%d][1]=V%d, Tvard[%d][2]=V%d\n",ij,k,k,Tprod[k], k,Tvard[k][1], k,Tvard[k][2]); */
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+       }
+       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++)  */
+       /*        cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,k)]; */
+       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) /\* Should start at cptcovn+1 *\/ */
+       /*        cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2]; */
+       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /\* Useless because included in cptcovn *\/ */
+       /*        cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)]; */
        /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
        /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
+                         /* right multiplication of oldm by the current matrix */
        out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                     pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+       /* if((int)age == 70){ */
+       /*        printf(" Forward hpxij age=%d agexact=%f d=%d nhstepm=%d hstepm=%d\n", (int) age, agexact, d, nhstepm, hstepm); */
+       /*        for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++) { */
+       /*          printf("%d pmmij ",i); */
+       /*          for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+       /*            printf("%f ",pmmij[i][j]); */
+       /*          } */
+       /*          printf(" oldm "); */
+       /*          for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+       /*            printf("%f ",oldm[i][j]); */
+       /*          } */
+       /*          printf("\n"); */
+       /*        } */
+       /* } */
        savm=oldm;
        oldm=newm;
      }
- Line 1704  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
+ Line 3226  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
        }
      /*printf("h=%d ",h);*/
    } /* end h */
- /*     printf("\n H=%d \n",h); */
+   /*     printf("\n H=%d \n",h); */
    return po;
  }
- #ifdef NLOPT
+ /************* Higher Back Matrix Product ***************/
-   double  myfunc(unsigned n, const double *p1, double *grad, void *pd){
+ /* double ***hbxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, double ***prevacurrent, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, double **dnewm, double **doldm, double **dsavm, int ij ) */
-   double fret;
+ double ***hbxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, double ***prevacurrent, int nlstate, int stepm, int ij, int nres )
-   double *xt;
+ {
-   int j;
+   /* For a combination of dummy covariate ij, computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over
-   myfunc_data *d2 = (myfunc_data *) pd;
+      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
- /* xt = (p1-1); */
+      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying
-   xt=vector(1,n);
+      nhstepm*hstepm matrices.
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++)   xt[j]=p1[j-1]; /* xt[1]=p1[0] */
+      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step
+      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big
+      for the memory).
+      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be
+      included manually here. Then we use a call to bmij(x and cov)
+      The addresss of po (p3mat allocated to the dimension of nhstepm) should be stored for output
+   */
-   fret=(d2->function)(xt); /*  p xt[1]@8 is fine */
+   int i, j, d, h, k;
-   /* fret=(*func)(xt); /\*  p xt[1]@8 is fine *\/ */
+   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **bmij();
-   printf("Function = %.12lf ",fret);
+   double **newm, ***newmm;
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) printf(" %d %.8lf", j, xt[j]);
+   double agexact;
+   double agebegin, ageend;
+   double **oldm, **savm;
+   newmm=po; /* To be saved */
+   oldm=oldms;savm=savms; /* Global pointers */
+   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
+   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
+     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+     }
+   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
+   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
+     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
+       newm=savm;
+       /* Covariates have to be included here again */
+       cov[1]=1.;
+       agexact=age-( (h-1)*hstepm + (d)  )*stepm/YEARM; /* age just before transition, d or d-1? */
+       /* agexact=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM; /\* age just before transition *\/ */
+       cov[2]=agexact;
+       if(nagesqr==1)
+         cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++){
+       /*        cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,k)]; */
+       /* /\* cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,Tvar[k])]; *\/ */
+         cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]]=nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+         /* printf("hbxij Dummy agexact=%.0f combi=%d k=%d TvarsD[%d]=V%d TvarsDind[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov[%d]=%lf codtabm(%d,Tvar[%d])=%d \n",agexact,ij,k, k, TvarsD[k],k,TvarsDind[k],nbcode[TvarsD[k]][codtabm(ij,k)],2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k],cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsDind[k]], ij, k, codtabm(ij,k)); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=nsq;k++) { /* For single varying covariates only */
+         /* Here comes the value of quantitative after renumbering k with single quantitative covariates */
+         cov[2+nagesqr+TvarsQind[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+         /* printf("hPxij Quantitative k=%d  TvarsQind[%d]=%d, TvarsQ[%d]=V%d,Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",k,k,TvarsQind[k],k,TvarsQ[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++){ /* Should start at cptcovn+1 */
+         if(Dummy[Tvar[Tage[k]]]){
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2];
+         } else{
+           cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=Tqresult[nres][k];
+         }
+         /* printf("hBxij Age combi=%d k=%d  Tage[%d]=V%d Tqresult[%d][%d]=%f\n",ij,k,k,Tage[k],nres,k,Tqresult[nres][k]); */
+       }
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++){ /* Useless because included in cptcovn */
+         cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)];
+       }
+       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
+       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
+       /* Careful transposed matrix */
+       /* age is in cov[2], prevacurrent at beginning of transition. */
+       /* out=matprod2(newm, bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent, dnewm, doldm, dsavm,ij),\ */
+       /*                                                 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); */
+       out=matprod2(newm, bmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate,prevacurrent,ij),\
+,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm);
+       /* if((int)age == 70){ */
+       /*        printf(" Backward hbxij age=%d agexact=%f d=%d nhstepm=%d hstepm=%d\n", (int) age, agexact, d, nhstepm, hstepm); */
+       /*        for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++) { */
+       /*          printf("%d pmmij ",i); */
+       /*          for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+       /*            printf("%f ",pmmij[i][j]); */
+       /*          } */
+       /*          printf(" oldm "); */
+       /*          for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+       /*            printf("%f ",oldm[i][j]); */
+       /*          } */
+       /*          printf("\n"); */
+       /*        } */
+       /* } */
+       savm=oldm;
+       oldm=newm;
+     }
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
+       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+         po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
+         /* if(h==nhstepm) */
+         /*   printf("po[%d][%d][%d]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]); */
+       }
+     /* printf("h=%d %.1f ",h, agexact); */
+   } /* end h */
+   /* printf("\n H=%d nhs=%d \n",h, nhstepm); */
+   return po;
+ }
+ #ifdef NLOPT
+   double  myfunc(unsigned n, const double *p1, double *grad, void *pd){
+   double fret;
+   double *xt;
+   int j;
+   myfunc_data *d2 = (myfunc_data *) pd;
+ /* xt = (p1-1); */
+   xt=vector(1,n);
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++)   xt[j]=p1[j-1]; /* xt[1]=p1[0] */
+   fret=(d2->function)(xt); /*  p xt[1]@8 is fine */
+   /* fret=(*func)(xt); /\*  p xt[1]@8 is fine *\/ */
+   printf("Function = %.12lf ",fret);
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) printf(" %d %.8lf", j, xt[j]);
    printf("\n");
   free_vector(xt,1,n);
    return fret;
- Line 1732  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
+ Line 3357  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstep
  double func( double *x)
  {
    int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
+   int ioffset=0;
    double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
    double **out;
-   double sw; /* Sum of weights */
    double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
    int s1, s2;
+   int iv=0, iqv=0, itv=0, iqtv=0 ; /* Index of varying covariate, fixed quantitative cov, time varying covariate, quantitative time varying covariate */
    double bbh, survp;
    long ipmx;
+   double agexact;
    /*extern weight */
    /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
    /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
- Line 1751  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3378  double func( double *x)
    cov[1]=1.;
    for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
+   ioffset=0;
    if(mle==1){
      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
        /* Computes the values of the ncovmodel covariates of the model
-          depending if the covariates are fixed or variying (age dependent) and stores them in cov[]
+          depending if the covariates are fixed or varying (age dependent) and stores them in cov[]
           Then computes with function pmij which return a matrix p[i][j] giving the elementary probability
           to be observed in j being in i according to the model.
-        */
+       */
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++){ /* Simple and product covariates without age* products */
+       ioffset=2+nagesqr ;
-         cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+    /* Fixed */
+       for (k=1; k<=ncovf;k++){ /* Simple and product fixed covariates without age* products */
+         cov[ioffset+TvarFind[k]]=covar[Tvar[TvarFind[k]]][i];/* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, only V1 is fixed (k=6)*/
        }
        /* In model V2+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2 Tvar[1] is V2, Tvar[2=V1*V4]
           is 6, Tvar[3=age*V3] should not be computed because of age Tvar[4=V3*V2]
           has been calculated etc */
+       /* For an individual i, wav[i] gives the number of effective waves */
+       /* We compute the contribution to Likelihood of each effective transition
+          mw[mi][i] is real wave of the mi th effectve wave */
+       /* Then statuses are computed at each begin and end of an effective wave s1=s[ mw[mi][i] ][i];
+          s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+          And the iv th varying covariate is the cotvar[mw[mi+1][i]][iv][i]
+          But if the variable is not in the model TTvar[iv] is the real variable effective in the model:
+          meaning that decodemodel should be used cotvar[mw[mi+1][i]][TTvar[iv]][i]
+       */
        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+         for(k=1; k <= ncovv ; k++){ /* Varying  covariates (single and product but no age )*/
+           /* cov[ioffset+TvarVind[k]]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[TvarVind[k]]][i]; */
+           cov[ioffset+TvarVind[k]]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[TvarVind[k]]-ncovcol-nqv][i];
+         }
          for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
              oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
- Line 1773  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3415  double func( double *x)
            }
          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
            newm=savm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           cov[2]=agexact;
+           if(nagesqr==1)
+             cov[3]= agexact*agexact;  /* Should be changed here */
            for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; /* Tage[kk] gives the data-covariate associated with age */
+           if(!FixedV[Tvar[Tage[kk]]])
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact; /* Tage[kk] gives the data-covariate associated with age */
+           else
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[Tage[kk]]-ncovcol-nqv][i]*agexact;
            }
            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 ,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
            savm=oldm;
            oldm=newm;
          } /* end mult */
          /*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
          /* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias at large stepm.
           * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay
- Line 1791  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3439  double func( double *x)
           * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
           * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. Then we inter(extra)polate the
           * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
-          * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
+                                  * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
-          * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
+                                  * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
-          * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
+                                  * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
-          * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions.
+                                  * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions.
-          */
+                                  */
          s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
          s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
          bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
- Line 1810  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3458  double func( double *x)
               which is also equal to probability to die before dh
               minus probability to die before dh-stepm .
               In version up to 0.92 likelihood was computed
-         as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
+              as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
-         health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
+              health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
-         and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
+              and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
-         to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
+              to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
-         (healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
+              (healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
-         introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
+              introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
-         the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
+              the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
-         contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
+              contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
-         stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
+              stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
-         and month of death but the probability to survive from last
+              and month of death but the probability to survive from last
-         interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
+              interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
-         probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
+              probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
-         Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
+              Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
-         mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
+              mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
-         which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
+              which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
-         lower mortality.
+              lower mortality.
+           */
+           /* If, at the beginning of the maximization mostly, the
+              cumulative probability or probability to be dead is
+              constant (ie = 1) over time d, the difference is equal to
+.  out[s1][3] = savm[s1][3]: probability, being at state
+              s1 at precedent wave, to be dead a month before current
+              wave is equal to probability, being at state s1 at
+              precedent wave, to be dead at mont of the current
+              wave. Then the observed probability (that this person died)
+              is null according to current estimated parameter. In fact,
+              it should be very low but not zero otherwise the log go to
+              infinity.
            */
+ /* #ifdef INFINITYORIGINAL */
+ /*          lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]); */
+ /* #else */
+ /*        if ((out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]) < mytinydouble)  */
+ /*          lli=log(mytinydouble); */
+ /*        else */
+ /*          lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]); */
+ /* #endif */
            lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+         } else if  ( s2==-1 ) { /* alive */
-         } else if  (s2==-2) {
            for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
              survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
            /*survp += out[s1][j]; */
            lli= log(survp);
          }
+         else if  (s2==-4) {
-         else if  (s2==-4) {
            for (j=3,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
              survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
            lli= log(survp);
          }
+         else if  (s2==-5) {
-         else if  (s2==-5) {
+           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)
-           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)
              survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
            lli= log(survp);
          }
          else{
            lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
            /*  lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/ /* linear interpolation */
- Line 1856  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3520  double func( double *x)
          /*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
          /*if(lli ==000.0)*/
          /*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
          ipmx +=1;
          sw += weight[i];
          ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+         /* if (lli < log(mytinydouble)){ */
+         /*   printf("Close to inf lli = %.10lf <  %.10lf i= %d mi= %d, s[%d][i]=%d s1=%d s2=%d\n", lli,log(mytinydouble), i, mi,mw[mi][i], s[mw[mi][i]][i], s1,s2); */
+         /*   fprintf(ficlog,"Close to inf lli = %.10lf i= %d mi= %d, s[mw[mi][i]][i]=%d\n", lli, i, mi,s[mw[mi][i]][i]); */
+         /* } */
        } /* end of wave */
      } /* end of individual */
    }  else if(mle==2){
      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
          for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
- Line 1872  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3540  double func( double *x)
            }
          for(d=0; d<=dh[mi][i]; d++){
            newm=savm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           cov[2]=agexact;
+           if(nagesqr==1)
+             cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
            for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
            }
            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 ,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- Line 1893  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3564  double func( double *x)
      } /* end of individual */
    }  else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
          for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
- Line 1902  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3573  double func( double *x)
            }
          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
            newm=savm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           cov[2]=agexact;
+           if(nagesqr==1)
+             cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
            for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
            }
            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 ,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- Line 1923  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3597  double func( double *x)
      } /* end of individual */
    }else if (mle==4){  /* ml=4 no inter-extrapolation */
      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
          for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
- Line 1932  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3606  double func( double *x)
            }
          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
            newm=savm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           cov[2]=agexact;
+           if(nagesqr==1)
+             cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
            for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
            }
            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
- Line 1947  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3624  double func( double *x)
          s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
          if( s2 > nlstate){
            lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+         } else if  ( s2==-1 ) { /* alive */
+           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
+             survp += out[s1][j];
+           lli= log(survp);
          }else{
            lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
          }
- Line 1958  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3639  double func( double *x)
      } /* end of individual */
    }else{  /* ml=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
          for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
- Line 1967  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3648  double func( double *x)
            }
          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
            newm=savm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+           cov[2]=agexact;
+           if(nagesqr==1)
+             cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
            for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
            }
            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
- Line 1997  double func( double *x)
+ Line 3681  double func( double *x)
  /*************** log-likelihood *************/
  double funcone( double *x)
  {
-   /* Same as likeli but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
+   /* Same as func but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
    int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
+   int ioffset=0;
    double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
    double **out;
    double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
    double llt;
    int s1, s2;
+   int iv=0, iqv=0, itv=0, iqtv=0 ; /* Index of varying covariate, fixed quantitative cov, time varying covariate, quantitative time varying covariate */
    double bbh, survp;
+   double agexact;
+   double agebegin, ageend;
    /*extern weight */
    /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
    /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
- Line 2014  double funcone( double *x)
+ Line 3703  double funcone( double *x)
    cov[1]=1.;
    for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
+   ioffset=0;
    for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+     /* ioffset=2+nagesqr+cptcovage; */
-     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+     ioffset=2+nagesqr;
+     /* Fixed */
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i]; */
+     /* for (k=1; k<=ncoveff;k++){ /\* Simple and product fixed Dummy covariates without age* products *\/ */
+     for (k=1; k<=ncovf;k++){ /* Simple and product fixed covariates without age* products */
+       cov[ioffset+TvarFind[k]]=covar[Tvar[TvarFind[k]]][i];/* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, only V1 is fixed (k=6)*/
+ /*    cov[ioffset+TvarFind[1]]=covar[Tvar[TvarFind[1]]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+6]=covar[Tvar[6]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+6]=covar[2][i]; V2  */
+ /*    cov[TvarFind[2]]=covar[Tvar[TvarFind[2]]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+7]=covar[Tvar[7]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+7]=covar[7][i]; V7=V1*V2  */
+ /*    cov[TvarFind[3]]=covar[Tvar[TvarFind[3]]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+9]=covar[Tvar[9]][i];  */
+ /*    cov[2+9]=covar[1][i]; V1  */
+     }
+     /* for (k=1; k<=nqfveff;k++){ /\* Simple and product fixed Quantitative covariates without age* products *\/ */
+     /*   cov[++ioffset]=coqvar[TvarFQ[k]][i];/\* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, only V2 and V1*V2 is fixed (k=6 and 7?)*\/ */
+     /* } */
+     /* for(iqv=1; iqv <= nqfveff; iqv++){ /\* Quantitative fixed covariates *\/ */
+     /*   cov[++ioffset]=coqvar[Tvar[iqv]][i]; /\* Only V2 k=6 and V1*V2 7 *\/ */
+     /* } */
+     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){  /* Varying with waves */
+     /* Wave varying (but not age varying) */
+       for(k=1; k <= ncovv ; k++){ /* Varying  covariates (single and product but no age )*/
+         /* cov[ioffset+TvarVind[k]]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[TvarVind[k]]][i]; */
+         cov[ioffset+TvarVind[k]]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[TvarVind[k]]-ncovcol-nqv][i];
+       }
+       /* for(itv=1; itv <= ntveff; itv++){ /\* Varying dummy covariates (single??)*\/ */
+       /* iv= Tvar[Tmodelind[ioffset-2-nagesqr-cptcovage+itv]]-ncovcol-nqv; /\* Counting the # varying covariate from 1 to ntveff *\/ */
+       /* cov[ioffset+iv]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][iv][i]; */
+       /* k=ioffset-2-nagesqr-cptcovage+itv; /\* position in simple model *\/ */
+       /* cov[ioffset+itv]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvind[itv]][i]; */
+       /* printf(" i=%d,mi=%d,itv=%d,TmodelInvind[itv]=%d,cotvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvind[itv]][i]=%f\n", i, mi, itv, TmodelInvind[itv],cotvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvind[itv]][i]); */
+       /* for(iqtv=1; iqtv <= nqtveff; iqtv++){ /\* Varying quantitatives covariates *\/ */
+       /*        iv=TmodelInvQind[iqtv]; /\* Counting the # varying covariate from 1 to ntveff *\/ */
+       /*        /\* printf(" i=%d,mi=%d,iqtv=%d,TmodelInvQind[iqtv]=%d,cotqvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvQind[iqtv]][i]=%f\n", i, mi, iqtv, TmodelInvQind[iqtv],cotqvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvQind[iqtv]][i]); *\/ */
+       /*        cov[ioffset+ntveff+iqtv]=cotqvar[mw[mi][i]][TmodelInvQind[iqtv]][i]; */
+       /* } */
        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
          }
-       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
+       agebegin=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]; /* Age at beginning of effective wave */
+       ageend=agev[mw[mi][i]][i] + (dh[mi][i])*stepm/YEARM; /* Age at end of effective wave and at the end of transition */
+       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){  /* Delay between two effective waves */
+       /* for(d=0; d<=0; d++){  /\* Delay between two effective waves Only one matrix to speed up*\/ */
+         /*dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
+           and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.*/
          newm=savm;
-         cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+         agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;  /* Here d is needed */
+         cov[2]=agexact;
+         if(nagesqr==1)
+           cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-           cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+           if(!FixedV[Tvar[Tage[kk]]])
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
+           else
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=cotvar[mw[mi][i]][Tvar[Tage[kk]]-ncovcol-nqv][i]*agexact;
          }
+         /* printf("i=%d,mi=%d,d=%d,mw[mi][i]=%d\n",i, mi,d,mw[mi][i]); */
          /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 ,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- Line 2040  double funcone( double *x)
+ Line 3782  double funcone( double *x)
        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+       /* if(s2==-1){ */
+       /*        printf(" ERROR s1=%d, s2=%d i=%d \n", s1, s2, i); */
+       /*        /\* exit(1); *\/ */
+       /* } */
        bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
        /* bias is positive if real duration
         * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
         */
        if( s2 > nlstate && (mle <5) ){  /* Jackson */
          lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
-       } else if  (s2==-2) {
+       } else if  ( s2==-1 ) { /* alive */
          for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
            survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
          lli= log(survp);
- Line 2067  double funcone( double *x)
+ Line 3813  double funcone( double *x)
        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
        /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
        if(globpr){
-         fprintf(ficresilk,"%9ld %6d %2d %2d %1d %1d %3d %11.6f %8.4f\
+         fprintf(ficresilk,"%09ld %6.1f %6.1f %6d %2d %2d %2d %2d %3d %15.6f %8.4f %8.3f\
   %11.6f %11.6f %11.6f ", \
-                 num[i],i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],
+                 num[i], agebegin, ageend, i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],weight[i]*gipmx/gsw,
-*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);
+*weight[i]*lli,(s2==-1? -1: out[s1][s2]),(s2==-1? -1: savm[s1][s2]));
          for(k=1,llt=0.,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++){
            llt +=ll[k]*gipmx/gsw;
            fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f",-ll[k]*gipmx/gsw);
          }
          fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f\n", -llt);
        }
-     } /* end of wave */
+         } /* end of wave */
-   } /* end of individual */
+ } /* end of individual */
-   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
+ for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
-   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
+ /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
-   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
+ l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
-   if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
+ if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
-     gipmx=ipmx;
+         gipmx=ipmx;
-     gsw=sw;
+         gsw=sw;
-   }
+ }
-   return -l;
+ return -l;
  }
- Line 2101  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
+ Line 3847  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
    int k;
    if(*globpri !=0){ /* Just counts and sums, no printings */
-     strcpy(fileresilk,"ilk");
+     strcpy(fileresilk,"ILK_");
-     strcat(fileresilk,fileres);
+     strcat(fileresilk,fileresu);
      if((ficresilk=fopen(fileresilk,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
      }
-     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
+     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) count ageb ageend s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight weight/gpw -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
-     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight 2wlli out sav ");
+     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i ageb agend i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight %%weight 2wlli out sav ");
      /*  i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
      for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++)
        fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll[%d]++",k);
- Line 2118  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
+ Line 3864  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
    *fretone=(*funcone)(p);
    if(*globpri !=0){
      fclose(ficresilk);
-     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
+     if (mle ==0)
-     fflush(fichtm);
+       fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood computed with initial parameters and mle = %d.",mle);
-   }
+     else if(mle >=1)
+       fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood computed with optimized parameters mle = %d.",mle);
+     fprintf(fichtm," You should at least run with mle >= 1 to get starting values corresponding to the optimized parameters in order to visualize the real contribution of each individual/wave: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
+     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Equation of the model: <b>model=1+age+%s</b><br>\n",model);
+     for (k=1; k<= nlstate ; k++) {
+       fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Probability p<sub>%dj</sub> by origin %d and destination j. Dot's sizes are related to corresponding weight: <a href=\"%s-p%dj.png\">%s-p%dj.png</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s-p%dj.png\">",k,k,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),k,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),k,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),k);
+     }
+     fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- The function drawn is -2Log(L) in Log scale: by state of origin <a href=\"%s-ori.png\">%s-ori.png</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s-ori.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"));
+     fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- and by state of destination <a href=\"%s-dest.png\">%s-dest.png</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s-dest.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"));
+     fflush(fichtm);
+   }
    return;
  }
- Line 2129  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
+ Line 3889  void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[],
  void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
  {
-   int i,j, iter;
+   int i,j, iter=0;
    double **xi;
    double fret;
    double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
- Line 2151  void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], in
+ Line 3911  void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], in
      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
        xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
    printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
-   strcpy(filerespow,"pow");
+   strcpy(filerespow,"POW_");
    strcat(filerespow,fileres);
    if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
- Line 2196  void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], in
+ Line 3956  void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], in
    fclose(ficrespow);
    printf("\n#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
    fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
-   fprintf(ficres,"\n#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
+   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
  }
  /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
- void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
+ void hesscov(double **matcov, double **hess, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
  {
    double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
-   double **hess;
+   /* double **hess; */
-   int i, j,jk;
+   int i, j;
    int *indx;
    double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[],double (*func)(double []),int npar);
-   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
+   double hessij(double p[], double **hess, double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
    void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
    void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
    double gompertz(double p[]);
-   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+   /* hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar); */
    printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
    fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
-     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
+     printf("%d-",i);fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"%d-",i);fflush(ficlog);
       hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti,func,npar);
- Line 2230  void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[]
+ Line 3990  void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[]
    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
        if (j>i) {
-         printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
+         printf(".%d-%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
-         fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
+         fprintf(ficlog,".%d-%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
-         hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j,func,npar);
+         hess[i][j]=hessij(p,hess, delti,i,j,func,npar);
          hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];
          /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
- Line 2266  void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[]
+ Line 4026  void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[]
    fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
-       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
+       printf("%.6e ",hess[i][j]);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%.6e ",hess[i][j]);
      }
      printf("\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
    }
+   /* printf("\n#Covariance matrix#\n"); */
+   /* fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Covariance matrix#\n"); */
+   /* for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {  */
+   /*   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {  */
+   /*     printf("%.6e ",matcov[i][j]); */
+   /*     fprintf(ficlog,"%.6e ",matcov[i][j]); */
+   /*   } */
+   /*   printf("\n"); */
+   /*   fprintf(ficlog,"\n"); */
+   /* } */
    /* Recompute Inverse */
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
+   /* for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) */
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
+   /*   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j]; */
-   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
+   /* ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd); */
+   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n"); */
+   /* for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) { */
+   /*   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0; */
+   /*   x[j]=1; */
+   /*   lubksb(a,npar,indx,x); */
+   /*   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){  */
+   /*     y[i][j]=x[i]; */
+   /*     printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]); */
+   /*     fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]); */
+   /*   } */
+   /*   printf("\n"); */
+   /*   fprintf(ficlog,"\n"); */
+   /* } */
-   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
+   /* Verifying the inverse matrix */
+ #ifdef DEBUGHESS
+   y=matprod2(y,hess,1,npar,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+    printf("\n#Verification: multiplying the matrix of covariance by the Hessian matrix, should be unity:#\n");
+    fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Verification: multiplying the matrix of covariance by the Hessian matrix. Should be unity:#\n");
    for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
-     x[j]=1;
-     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
-       y[i][j]=x[i];
+       printf("%.2f ",y[i][j]);
-       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%.2f ",y[i][j]);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
      }
      printf("\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
    }
-   */
+ #endif
    free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
    free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
    free_vector(x,1,npar);
    free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
+   /* free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar); */
  }
  /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
  double hessii(double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[], double (*func)(double []), int npar)
- {
+ { /* Around values of x, computes the function func and returns the scales delti and hessian */
    int i;
    int l=1, lmax=20;
-   double k1,k2;
+   double k1,k2, res, fx;
    double p2[MAXPARM+1]; /* identical to x */
-   double res;
    double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
-   double fx;
    int k=0,kmax=10;
    double l1;
- Line 2328  double hessii(double x[], double delta,
+ Line 4113  double hessii(double x[], double delta,
        p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
        k2=func(p2)-fx;
        /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
-       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
+       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by 2 because L and not 2*L */
- #ifdef DEBUGHESS
+ #ifdef DEBUGHESSII
        printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
        fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
  #endif
- Line 2339  double hessii(double x[], double delta,
+ Line 4124  double hessii(double x[], double delta,
          k=kmax;
        }
        else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
-         k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;
+         k=kmax; l=lmax*10;
        }
        else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){
          delts=delt;
        }
-     }
+     } /* End loop k */
    }
    delti[theta]=delts;
    return res;
  }
- double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
+ double hessij( double x[], double **hess, double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
  {
    int i;
-   int l=1, l1, lmax=20;
+   int l=1, lmax=20;
    double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
    double p2[MAXPARM+1];
-   int k;
+   int k, kmax=1;
+   double v1, v2, cv12, lc1, lc2;
+   int firstime=0;
    fx=func(x);
-   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
+   for (k=1; k<=kmax; k=k+10) {
      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]*k;
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]*k;
      k1=func(p2)-fx;
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]*k;
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]*k;
      k2=func(p2)-fx;
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]*k;
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]*k;
      k3=func(p2)-fx;
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]*k;
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]*k;
      k4=func(p2)-fx;
-     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
+     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]/k/delti[thetaj]/k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
- #ifdef DEBUG
+     if(k1*k2*k3*k4 <0.){
-     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+       firstime=1;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+       kmax=kmax+10;
+     }
+     if(kmax >=10 || firstime ==1){
+       printf("Warning: directions %d-%d, you are not estimating the Hessian at the exact maximum likelihood; you could increase ftol=%.2e\n",thetai,thetaj, ftol);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Warning: directions %d-%d, you are not estimating the Hessian at the exact maximum likelihood; you could increase ftol=%.2e\n",thetai,thetaj, ftol);
+       printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti*k=%.12e deltj*k=%.12e, xi-de*k=%.12e xj-de*k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti*k=%.12e deltj*k=%.12e, xi-de*k=%.12e xj-de*k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+     }
+ #ifdef DEBUGHESSIJ
+     v1=hess[thetai][thetai];
+     v2=hess[thetaj][thetaj];
+     cv12=res;
+     /* Computing eigen value of Hessian matrix */
+     lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
+     lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
+     if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
+       printf("Warning: sub Hessian matrix '%d%d' does not have positive eigen values \n",thetai,thetaj);
+       fprintf(ficlog, "Warning: sub Hessian matrix '%d%d' does not have positive eigen values \n",thetai,thetaj);
+       printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+     }
  #endif
    }
    return res;
  }
+     /* Not done yet: Was supposed to fix if not exactly at the maximum */
+ /* double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar) */
+ /* { */
+ /*   int i; */
+ /*   int l=1, lmax=20; */
+ /*   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx; */
+ /*   double p2[MAXPARM+1]; */
+ /*   double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4; */
+ /*   int k=0,kmax=10; */
+ /*   double l1; */
+ /*   fx=func(x); */
+ /*   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){  /\* Enlarging the zone around the Maximum *\/ */
+ /*     l1=pow(10,l); */
+ /*     delts=delt; */
+ /*     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){ */
+ /*       delt = delti*(l1*k); */
+ /*       for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i]; */
+ /*       p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k; */
+ /*       p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k; */
+ /*       k1=func(p2)-fx; */
+ /*       p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k; */
+ /*       p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k; */
+ /*       k2=func(p2)-fx; */
+ /*       p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k; */
+ /*       p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k; */
+ /*       k3=func(p2)-fx; */
+ /*       p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k; */
+ /*       p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k; */
+ /*       k4=func(p2)-fx; */
+ /*       res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /\* Because of L not 2*L *\/ */
+ /* #ifdef DEBUGHESSIJ */
+ /*       printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4); */
+ /*       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4); */
+ /* #endif */
+ /*       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)|| (k4 <khi/nkhi/2.)|| (k4 <khi/nkhi/2.)){ */
+ /*      k=kmax; */
+ /*       } */
+ /*       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif) || (k4 >khi/nkhif) || (k4 >khi/nkhif)){ /\* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. *\/ */
+ /*      k=kmax; l=lmax*10; */
+ /*       } */
+ /*       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){  */
+ /*      delts=delt; */
+ /*       } */
+ /*     } /\* End loop k *\/ */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   delti[theta]=delts; */
+ /*   return res;  */
+ /* } */
  /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
  void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d)
  {
- Line 2399  void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx
+ Line 4261  void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx
      big=0.0;
      for (j=1;j<=n;j++)
        if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp;
-     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp");
+     if (big == 0.0){
+       printf(" Singular Hessian matrix at row %d:\n",i);
+       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+         printf(" a[%d][%d]=%f,",i,j,a[i][j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," a[%d][%d]=%f,",i,j,a[i][j]);
+       }
+       fflush(ficlog);
+       fclose(ficlog);
+       nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp");
+     }
      vv[i]=1.0/big;
    }
    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
- Line 2462  void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx
+ Line 4333  void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx
  void pstamp(FILE *fichier)
  {
-   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#%s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,fullversion,strstart);
+   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#IMaCh version %s, %s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,copyright, fullversion, strstart);
  }
  /************ Frequencies ********************/
- void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[])
+ void  freqsummary(char fileres[], double p[], double pstart[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, \
- {  /* Some frequencies */
+                   int *Tvaraff, int *invalidvarcomb, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[], \
+                   int firstpass,  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[])
-   int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
+ {  /* Some frequencies as well as proposing some starting values */
+   int i, m, jk, j1, bool, z1,j, nj, nl, k, iv, jj=0, s1=1, s2=1;
+   int iind=0, iage=0;
+   int mi; /* Effective wave */
    int first;
    double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
-   double *pp, **prop;
+   double *x, *y, a=0.,b=0.,r=1., sa=0., sb=0.; /* for regression, y=b+m*x and r is the correlation coefficient */
-   double pos,posprop, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
+   int no=0, linreg(int ifi, int ila, int *no, const double x[], const double y[], double* a, double* b, double* r, double* sa, double * sb);
-   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   double *meanq;
+   double **meanqt;
+   double *pp, **prop, *posprop, *pospropt;
+   double pos=0., posproptt=0., pospropta=0., k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
+   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH], fileresphtm[FILENAMELENGTH], fileresphtmfr[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   double agebegin, ageend;
    pp=vector(1,nlstate);
-   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
-   strcpy(fileresp,"p");
+   posprop=vector(1,nlstate); /* Counting the number of transition starting from a live state per age */
-   strcat(fileresp,fileres);
+   pospropt=vector(1,nlstate); /* Counting the number of transition starting from a live state */
+   /* prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3); */
+   meanq=vector(1,nqfveff); /* Number of Quantitative Fixed Variables Effective */
+   meanqt=matrix(1,lastpass,1,nqtveff);
+   strcpy(fileresp,"P_");
+   strcat(fileresp,fileresu);
+   /*strcat(fileresphtm,fileresu);*/
    if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
      printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
      exit(0);
    }
-   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+   strcpy(fileresphtm,subdirfext(optionfilefiname,"PHTM_",".htm"));
+   if((ficresphtm=fopen(fileresphtm,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with prevalence HTM resultfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",fileresphtm,strerror(errno));
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence HTM resultfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",fileresphtm,strerror(errno));
+     fflush(ficlog);
+     exit(70);
+   }
+   else{
+     fprintf(ficresphtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh PHTM_ %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
+ <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n                                    \
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=1+age+%s<br>\n",\
+             fileresphtm,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
+   }
+   fprintf(ficresphtm,"Current page is file <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\n<h4>Frequencies and prevalence by age at begin of transition and dummy covariate value at beginning of transition</h4>\n",fileresphtm, fileresphtm);
+   strcpy(fileresphtmfr,subdirfext(optionfilefiname,"PHTMFR_",".htm"));
+   if((ficresphtmfr=fopen(fileresphtmfr,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with frequency table HTM resultfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",fileresphtmfr,strerror(errno));
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with frequency table HTM resultfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",fileresphtmfr,strerror(errno));
+     fflush(ficlog);
+     exit(70);
+   } else{
+     fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh PHTM_Frequency table %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
+ <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n                                    \
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=1+age+%s<br>\n",\
+             fileresphtmfr,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
+   }
+   fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"Current page is file <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\n<h4>Frequencies of all effective transitions of the model, by age at begin of transition, and covariate value at the begin of transition (if the covariate is a varying covariate) </h4>Unknown status is -1<br/>\n",fileresphtmfr, fileresphtmfr);
+   y= vector(iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
+   x= vector(iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
+   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
    j1=0;
-   j=cptcoveff;
+   /* j=ncoveff;  /\* Only fixed dummy covariates *\/ */
+   j=cptcoveff;  /* Only dummy covariates of the model */
    if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+   /* Detects if a combination j1 is empty: for a multinomial variable like 3 education levels:
+      reference=low_education V1=0,V2=0
+      med_educ                V1=1 V2=0,
+      high_educ               V1=0 V2=1
+      Then V1=1 and V2=1 is a noisy combination that we want to exclude for the list 2**cptcoveff
+   */
+   dateintsum=0;
+   k2cpt=0;
-   first=1;
+   if(cptcoveff == 0 )
+     nl=1;  /* Constant and age model only */
+   else
+     nl=2;
-   /* for(k1=1; k1<=j ; k1++){   /* Loop on covariates */
+   /* if a constant only model, one pass to compute frequency tables and to write it on ficresp */
-   /*  for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){ /* Now it is 2 */
+   /* Loop on nj=1 or 2 if dummy covariates j!=0
-   /*    j1++;
+    *   Loop on j1(1 to 2**cptcoveff) covariate combination
- */
+    *     freq[s1][s2][iage] =0.
-   for (j1 = 1; j1 <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); j1++){
+    *     Loop on iind
+    *       ++freq[s1][s2][iage] weighted
+    *     end iind
+    *     if covariate and j!0
+    *       headers Variable on one line
+    *     endif cov j!=0
+    *     header of frequency table by age
+    *     Loop on age
+    *       pp[s1]+=freq[s1][s2][iage] weighted
+    *       pos+=freq[s1][s2][iage] weighted
+    *       Loop on s1 initial state
+    *         fprintf(ficresp
+    *       end s1
+    *     end age
+    *     if j!=0 computes starting values
+    *     end compute starting values
+    *   end j1
+    * end nl
+    */
+   for (nj = 1; nj <= nl; nj++){   /* nj= 1 constant model, nl number of loops. */
+     if(nj==1)
+       j=0;  /* First pass for the constant */
+     else{
+       j=cptcoveff; /* Other passes for the covariate values */
+     }
+     first=1;
+     for (j1 = 1; j1 <= (int) pow(2,j); j1++){ /* Loop on all covariates combination of the model, excluding quantitatives, V4=0, V3=0 for example, fixed or varying covariates */
+       posproptt=0.;
        /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
          scanf("%d", i);*/
        for (i=-5; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
-         for (jk=-5; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
+         for (s2=-5; s2<=nlstate+ndeath; s2++)
            for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
-             freq[i][jk][m]=0;
+             freq[i][s2][m]=0;
-       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
+       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)  {
          for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
            prop[i][m]=0;
+         posprop[i]=0;
+         pospropt[i]=0;
+       }
+       /* for (z1=1; z1<= nqfveff; z1++) {   */
+       /*   meanq[z1]+=0.; */
+       /*   for(m=1;m<=lastpass;m++){ */
+       /*        meanqt[m][z1]=0.; */
+       /*   } */
+       /* } */
+       /* dateintsum=0; */
+       /* k2cpt=0; */
-       dateintsum=0;
+       /* For that combination of covariates j1 (V4=1 V3=0 for example), we count and print the frequencies in one pass */
-       k2cpt=0;
+       for (iind=1; iind<=imx; iind++) { /* For each individual iind */
-       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
          bool=1;
-         if  (cptcovn>0) { /* Filter is here: Must be looked at for model=V1+V2+V3+V4 */
+         if(j !=0){
-           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
+           if(anyvaryingduminmodel==0){ /* If All fixed covariates */
-             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]){
+             if (cptcoveff >0) { /* Filter is here: Must be looked at for model=V1+V2+V3+V4 */
-                 /* Tests if the value of each of the covariates of i is equal to filter j1 */
+               /* for (z1=1; z1<= nqfveff; z1++) {   */
-               bool=0;
+               /*   meanq[z1]+=coqvar[Tvar[z1]][iind];  /\* Computes mean of quantitative with selected filter *\/ */
-               /* printf("bool=%d i=%d, z1=%d, Tvaraff[%d]=%d, covar[Tvarff][%d]=%2f, codtab[%d][%d]=%d, nbcode[Tvaraff][codtab[%d][%d]=%d, j1=%d\n",
+               /* } */
-                 bool,i,z1, z1, Tvaraff[z1],i,covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i],j1,z1,codtab[j1][z1],
+               for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) { /* loops on covariates in the model */
-                 j1,z1,nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]],j1);*/
+                 /* if(Tvaraff[z1] ==-20){ */
-               /* For j1=7 in V1+V2+V3+V4 = 0 1 1 0 and codtab[7][3]=1 and nbcde[3][?]=1*/
+                 /*       /\* sumnew+=cotvar[mw[mi][iind]][z1][iind]; *\/ */
-             }
+                 /* }else  if(Tvaraff[z1] ==-10){ */
-         }
+                 /*       /\* sumnew+=coqvar[z1][iind]; *\/ */
+                 /* }else  */
-         if (bool==1){
+                 if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][iind]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]){ /* for combination j1 of covariates */
-           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
+                   /* Tests if the value of the covariate z1 for this individual iind responded to combination j1 (V4=1 V3=0) */
-             k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
+                   bool=0; /* bool should be equal to 1 to be selected, one covariate value failed */
-             /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
+                   /* printf("bool=%d i=%d, z1=%d, Tvaraff[%d]=%d, covar[Tvarff][%d]=%2f, codtabm(%d,%d)=%d, nbcode[Tvaraff][codtabm(%d,%d)=%d, j1=%d\n",
-               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
+                      bool,i,z1, z1, Tvaraff[z1],i,covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i],j1,z1,codtabm(j1,z1),
-               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
+                      j1,z1,nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)],j1);*/
-               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+                   /* For j1=7 in V1+V2+V3+V4 = 0 1 1 0 and codtabm(7,3)=1 and nbcde[3][?]=1*/
-               if (m<lastpass) {
+                 } /* Onlyf fixed */
-                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+               } /* end z1 */
-                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
+             } /* cptcovn > 0 */
-               }
+           } /* end any */
+         }/* end j==0 */
-               if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (iagemax+3))) {
+         if (bool==1){ /* We selected an individual iind satisfying combination j1 (V4=1 V3=0) or all fixed covariates */
-                 dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
+           /* for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){ */
+           for(mi=1; mi<wav[iind];mi++){ /* For that wave */
+             m=mw[mi][iind];
+             if(j!=0){
+               if(anyvaryingduminmodel==1){ /* Some are varying covariates */
+                 for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) {
+                   if( Fixed[Tmodelind[z1]]==1){
+                     iv= Tvar[Tmodelind[z1]]-ncovcol-nqv;
+                     if (cotvar[m][iv][iind]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]) /* iv=1 to ntv, right modality. If covariate's
+                                                                                       value is -1, we don't select. It differs from the
+                                                                                       constant and age model which counts them. */
+                       bool=0; /* not selected */
+                   }else if( Fixed[Tmodelind[z1]]== 0) { /* fixed */
+                     if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][iind]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]) {
+                       bool=0;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               }/* Some are varying covariates, we tried to speed up if all fixed covariates in the model, avoiding waves loop  */
+             } /* end j==0 */
+             /* bool =0 we keep that guy which corresponds to the combination of dummy values */
+             if(bool==1){
+               /* dh[m][iind] or dh[mw[mi][iind]][iind] is the delay between two effective (mi) waves m=mw[mi][iind]
+                  and mw[mi+1][iind]. dh depends on stepm. */
+               agebegin=agev[m][iind]; /* Age at beginning of wave before transition*/
+               ageend=agev[m][iind]+(dh[m][iind])*stepm/YEARM; /* Age at end of wave and transition */
+               if(m >=firstpass && m <=lastpass){
+                 k2=anint[m][iind]+(mint[m][iind]/12.);
+                 /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
+                 if(agev[m][iind]==0) agev[m][iind]=iagemax+1;  /* All ages equal to 0 are in iagemax+1 */
+                 if(agev[m][iind]==1) agev[m][iind]=iagemax+2;  /* All ages equal to 1 are in iagemax+2 */
+                 if (s[m][iind]>0 && s[m][iind]<=nlstate)  /* If status at wave m is known and a live state */
+                   prop[s[m][iind]][(int)agev[m][iind]] += weight[iind];  /* At age of beginning of transition, where status is known */
+                 if (m<lastpass) {
+                   /* if(s[m][iind]==4 && s[m+1][iind]==4) */
+                   /*   printf(" num=%ld m=%d, iind=%d s1=%d s2=%d agev at m=%d\n", num[iind], m, iind,s[m][iind],s[m+1][iind], (int)agev[m][iind]); */
+                   if(s[m][iind]==-1)
+                     printf(" num=%ld m=%d, iind=%d s1=%d s2=%d agev at m=%d agebegin=%.2f ageend=%.2f, agemed=%d\n", num[iind], m, iind,s[m][iind],s[m+1][iind], (int)agev[m][iind],agebegin, ageend, (int)((agebegin+ageend)/2.));
+                   freq[s[m][iind]][s[m+1][iind]][(int)agev[m][iind]] += weight[iind]; /* At age of beginning of transition, where status is known */
+                   /* if((int)agev[m][iind] == 55) */
+                   /*   printf("j=%d, j1=%d Age %d, iind=%d, num=%09ld m=%d\n",j,j1,(int)agev[m][iind],iind, num[iind],m); */
+                   /* freq[s[m][iind]][s[m+1][iind]][(int)((agebegin+ageend)/2.)] += weight[iind]; */
+                   freq[s[m][iind]][s[m+1][iind]][iagemax+3] += weight[iind]; /* Total is in iagemax+3 *//* At age of beginning of transition, where status is known */
+                 }
+               } /* end if between passes */
+               if ((agev[m][iind]>1) && (agev[m][iind]< (iagemax+3)) && (anint[m][iind]!=9999) && (mint[m][iind]!=99) && (j==0)) {
+                 dateintsum=dateintsum+k2; /* on all covariates ?*/
                  k2cpt++;
+                 /* printf("iind=%ld dateintmean = %lf dateintsum=%lf k2cpt=%lf k2=%lf\n",iind, dateintsum/k2cpt, dateintsum,k2cpt, k2); */
                }
-               /*}*/
+             }else{
-           }
+               bool=1;
-         }
+             }/* end bool 2 */
-       } /* end i */
+           } /* end m */
+         } /* end bool */
+       } /* end iind = 1 to imx */
+       /* prop[s][age] is feeded for any initial and valid live state as well as
+          freq[s1][s2][age] at single age of beginning the transition, for a combination j1 */
        /*      fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
-       pstamp(ficresp);
+       if(cptcoveff==0 && nj==1) /* no covariate and first pass */
-       if  (cptcovn>0) {
+         pstamp(ficresp);
+       if  (cptcoveff>0 && j!=0){
+         pstamp(ficresp);
+         printf( "\n#********** Variable ");
          fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable ");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+         fprintf(ficresphtm, "\n<br/><br/><h3>********** Variable ");
-         fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
+         fprintf(ficresphtmfr, "\n<br/><br/><h3>********** Variable ");
          fprintf(ficlog, "\n#********** Variable ");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficlog, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++){
-         fprintf(ficlog, "**********\n#");
+           if(!FixedV[Tvaraff[z1]]){
+             printf( "V%d(fixed)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresp, "V%d(fixed)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresphtm, "V%d(fixed)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresphtmfr, "V%d(fixed)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficlog, "V%d(fixed)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+           }else{
+             printf( "V%d(varying)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresp, "V%d(varying)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresphtm, "V%d(varying)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficresphtmfr, "V%d(varying)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+             fprintf(ficlog, "V%d(varying)=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+           }
+         }
+         printf( "**********\n#");
+         fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
+         fprintf(ficresphtm, "**********</h3>\n");
+         fprintf(ficresphtmfr, "**********</h3>\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog, "**********\n");
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresphtm,"<table style=\"text-align:center; border: 1px solid\">");
+       if((cptcoveff==0 && nj==1)|| nj==2 ) /* no covariate and first pass */
+         fprintf(ficresp, " Age");
+       if(nj==2) for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, " V%d=%d",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
+         if((cptcoveff==0 && nj==1)|| nj==2 ) fprintf(ficresp," Prev(%d)  N(%d)  N  ",i,i);
+         fprintf(ficresphtm, "<th>Age</th><th>Prev(%d)</th><th>N(%d)</th><th>N</th>",i,i);
        }
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       if((cptcoveff==0 && nj==1)|| nj==2 ) fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
-         fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
+       fprintf(ficresphtm, "\n");
-       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
-       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
+       /* Header of frequency table by age */
-         if(i==iagemax+3){
+       fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<table style=\"text-align:center; border: 1px solid\">");
+       fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<th>Age</th> ");
+       for(s2=-1; s2 <=nlstate+ndeath; s2++){
+         for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++){
+           if(s2!=0 && m!=0)
+             fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<th>%d%d</th> ",s2,m);
+         }
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresphtmfr, "\n");
+       /* For each age */
+       for(iage=iagemin; iage <= iagemax+3; iage++){
+         fprintf(ficresphtm,"<tr>");
+         if(iage==iagemax+1){
+           fprintf(ficlog,"1");
+           fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<tr><th>0</th> ");
+         }else if(iage==iagemax+2){
+           fprintf(ficlog,"0");
+           fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<tr><th>Unknown</th> ");
+         }else if(iage==iagemax+3){
            fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
+           fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<tr><th>Total</th> ");
          }else{
            if(first==1){
              first=0;
              printf("See log file for details...\n");
            }
-           fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
+           fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<tr><th>%d</th> ",iage);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", iage);
          }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
-           for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
+           for(m=-1, pp[s1]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
-             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
+             pp[s1] += freq[s1][m][iage];
          }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
            for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
-             pos += freq[jk][m][i];
+             pos += freq[s1][m][iage];
-           if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
+           if(pp[s1]>=1.e-10){
              if(first==1){
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",s1,pp[s1],s1,100*pos/pp[s1]);
              }
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",s1,pp[s1],s1,100*pos/pp[s1]);
            }else{
              if(first==1)
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",s1,pp[s1],s1);
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",s1,pp[s1],s1);
            }
          }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
-           for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
+           /* posprop[s1]=0; */
-             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
+           for(m=0, pp[s1]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)/* Summing on all ages */
-         }
+             pp[s1] += freq[s1][m][iage];
-         for(jk=1,pos=0,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         }       /* pp[s1] is the total number of transitions starting from state s1 and any ending status until this age */
-           pos += pp[jk];
-           posprop += prop[jk][i];
+         for(s1=1,pos=0, pospropta=0.; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
+           pos += pp[s1]; /* pos is the total number of transitions until this age */
+           posprop[s1] += prop[s1][iage]; /* prop is the number of transitions from a live state
+                                             from s1 at age iage prop[s[m][iind]][(int)agev[m][iind]] += weight[iind] */
+           pospropta += prop[s1][iage]; /* prop is the number of transitions from a live state
+                                           from s1 at age iage prop[s[m][iind]][(int)agev[m][iind]] += weight[iind] */
+         }
+         /* Writing ficresp */
+         if(cptcoveff==0 && nj==1){ /* no covariate and first pass */
+           if( iage <= iagemax){
+             fprintf(ficresp," %d",iage);
+           }
+         }else if( nj==2){
+           if( iage <= iagemax){
+             fprintf(ficresp," %d",iage);
+             for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, " %d %d",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
+           }
          }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
            if(pos>=1.e-5){
              if(first==1)
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",s1,pp[s1],s1,100*pp[s1]/pos);
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",s1,pp[s1],s1,100*pp[s1]/pos);
            }else{
              if(first==1)
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",s1,pp[s1],s1);
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",s1,pp[s1],s1);
            }
-           if( i <= iagemax){
+           if( iage <= iagemax){
              if(pos>=1.e-5){
-               fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i]/posprop, prop[jk][i],posprop);
+               if(cptcoveff==0 && nj==1){ /* no covariate and first pass */
-               /*probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;*/
+                 fprintf(ficresp," %.5f %.0f %.0f",prop[s1][iage]/pospropta, prop[s1][iage],pospropta);
-               /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
+               }else if( nj==2){
+                 fprintf(ficresp," %.5f %.0f %.0f",prop[s1][iage]/pospropta, prop[s1][iage],pospropta);
+               }
+               fprintf(ficresphtm,"<th>%d</th><td>%.5f</td><td>%.0f</td><td>%.0f</td>",iage,prop[s1][iage]/pospropta, prop[s1][iage],pospropta);
+               /*probs[iage][s1][j1]= pp[s1]/pos;*/
+               /*printf("\niage=%d s1=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",iage,s1,j1,pp[s1]/pos, pp[s1],pos,probs[iage][s1][j1]);*/
+             } else{
+               if((cptcoveff==0 && nj==1)|| nj==2 ) fprintf(ficresp," NaNq %.0f %.0f",prop[s1][iage],pospropta);
+               fprintf(ficresphtm,"<th>%d</th><td>NaNq</td><td>%.0f</td><td>%.0f</td>",iage, prop[s1][iage],pospropta);
              }
-             else
-               fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i],posprop);
            }
-         }
+           pospropt[s1] +=posprop[s1];
+         } /* end loop s1 */
-         for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
+         /* pospropt=0.; */
-           for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
+         for(s1=-1; s1 <=nlstate+ndeath; s1++){
-             if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
+           for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++){
-             if(first==1)
+             if(freq[s1][m][iage] !=0 ) { /* minimizing output */
-               printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
+               if(first==1){
-               fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
+                 printf(" %d%d=%.0f",s1,m,freq[s1][m][iage]);
+               }
+               /* printf(" %d%d=%.0f",s1,m,freq[s1][m][iage]); */
+               fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",s1,m,freq[s1][m][iage]);
              }
-         if(i <= iagemax)
+             if(s1!=0 && m!=0)
-           fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
+               fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"<td>%.0f</td> ",freq[s1][m][iage]);
+           }
+         } /* end loop s1 */
+         posproptt=0.;
+         for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate; s1++){
+           posproptt += pospropt[s1];
+         }
+         fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"</tr>\n ");
+         fprintf(ficresphtm,"</tr>\n");
+         if((cptcoveff==0 && nj==1)|| nj==2 ) {
+           if(iage <= iagemax)
+             fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
+         }
          if(first==1)
            printf("Others in log...\n");
          fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       } /* end loop age iage */
+       fprintf(ficresphtm,"<tr><th>Tot</th>");
+       for(s1=1; s1 <=nlstate ; s1++){
+         if(posproptt < 1.e-5){
+           fprintf(ficresphtm,"<td>Nanq</td><td>%.0f</td><td>%.0f</td>",pospropt[s1],posproptt);
+         }else{
+           fprintf(ficresphtm,"<td>%.5f</td><td>%.0f</td><td>%.0f</td>",pospropt[s1]/posproptt,pospropt[s1],posproptt);
+         }
        }
-       /*}*/
+       fprintf(ficresphtm,"</tr>\n");
-   }
+       fprintf(ficresphtm,"</table>\n");
+       fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"</table>\n");
+       if(posproptt < 1.e-5){
+         fprintf(ficresphtm,"\n <p><b> This combination (%d) is not valid and no result will be produced</b></p>",j1);
+         fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"\n <p><b> This combination (%d) is not valid and no result will be produced</b></p>",j1);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"#  This combination (%d) is not valid and no result will be produced\n",j1);
+         printf("#  This combination (%d) is not valid and no result will be produced\n",j1);
+         invalidvarcomb[j1]=1;
+       }else{
+         fprintf(ficresphtm,"\n <p> This combination (%d) is valid and result will be produced.</p>",j1);
+         invalidvarcomb[j1]=0;
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresphtmfr,"</table>\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       if(j!=0){
+         printf("#Freqsummary: Starting values for combination j1=%d:\n", j1);
+         for(i=1,s1=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+           for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+             if (k != i) {
+               for(jj=1; jj <=ncovmodel; jj++){ /* For counting s1 */
+                 if(jj==1){  /* Constant case (in fact cste + age) */
+                   if(j1==1){ /* All dummy covariates to zero */
+                     freq[i][k][iagemax+4]=freq[i][k][iagemax+3]; /* Stores case 0 0 0 */
+                     freq[i][i][iagemax+4]=freq[i][i][iagemax+3]; /* Stores case 0 0 0 */
+                     printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+                     fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+                     printf("%12.7f ln(%.0f/%.0f)= %f, OR=%f sd=%f \n",p[s1],freq[i][k][iagemax+3],freq[i][i][iagemax+3], log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]),freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3], sqrt(1/freq[i][k][iagemax+3]+1/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]));
+                     fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f ln(%.0f/%.0f)= %12.7f \n",p[s1],freq[i][k][iagemax+3],freq[i][i][iagemax+3], log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]));
+                     pstart[s1]= log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]);
+                   }
+                 }else if((j1==1) && (jj==2 || nagesqr==1)){ /* age or age*age parameter without covariate V4*age (to be done later) */
+                   for(iage=iagemin; iage <= iagemax+3; iage++){
+                     x[iage]= (double)iage;
+                     y[iage]= log(freq[i][k][iage]/freq[i][i][iage]);
+                     /* printf("i=%d, k=%d, s1=%d, j1=%d, jj=%d, y[%d]=%f\n",i,k,s1,j1,jj, iage, y[iage]); */
+                   }
+                   /* Some are not finite, but linreg will ignore these ages */
+                   no=0;
+                   linreg(iagemin,iagemax,&no,x,y,&a,&b,&r, &sa, &sb ); /* y= a+b*x with standard errors */
+                   pstart[s1]=b;
+                   pstart[s1-1]=a;
+                 }else if( j1!=1 && (j1==2 || (log(j1-1.)/log(2.)-(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))) <0.010) && ( TvarsDind[(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1]+2+nagesqr == jj)  && Dummy[jj-2-nagesqr]==0){ /* We want only if the position, jj, in model corresponds to unique covariate equal to 1 in j1 combination */
+                   printf("j1=%d, jj=%d, (int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1=%d, TvarsDind[(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1]=%d\n",j1, jj,(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1,TvarsDind[(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1]);
+                   printf("j1=%d, jj=%d, (log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1=%f, TvarsDind[(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1]=%d\n",j1, jj,(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1,TvarsDind[(int)(log(j1-1.)/log(2.))+1]);
+                   pstart[s1]= log((freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3])/(freq[i][k][iagemax+4]/freq[i][i][iagemax+4]));
+                   printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+                   fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+                   printf("s1=%d,i=%d,k=%d,p[%d]=%12.7f ln((%.0f/%.0f)/(%.0f/%.0f))= %f, OR=%f sd=%f \n",s1,i,k,s1,p[s1],freq[i][k][iagemax+3],freq[i][i][iagemax+3],freq[i][k][iagemax+4],freq[i][i][iagemax+4], log((freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3])/(freq[i][k][iagemax+4]/freq[i][i][iagemax+4])),(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3])/(freq[i][k][iagemax+4]/freq[i][i][iagemax+4]), sqrt(1/freq[i][k][iagemax+3]+1/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]+1/freq[i][k][iagemax+4]+1/freq[i][i][iagemax+4]));
+                 }else{ /* Other cases, like quantitative fixed or varying covariates */
+                   ;
+                 }
+                 /* printf("%12.7f )", param[i][jj][k]); */
+                 /* fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f )", param[i][jj][k]); */
+                 s1++;
+               } /* end jj */
+             } /* end k!= i */
+           } /* end k */
+         } /* end i, s1 */
+       } /* end j !=0 */
+     } /* end selected combination of covariate j1 */
+     if(j==0){ /* We can estimate starting values from the occurences in each case */
+       printf("#Freqsummary: Starting values for the constants:\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       for(i=1,s1=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+         for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+           if (k != i) {
+             printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+             for(jj=1; jj <=ncovmodel; jj++){
+               pstart[s1]=p[s1]; /* Setting pstart to p values by default */
+               if(jj==1){ /* Age has to be done */
+                 pstart[s1]= log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]);
+                 printf("%12.7f ln(%.0f/%.0f)= %12.7f ",p[s1],freq[i][k][iagemax+3],freq[i][i][iagemax+3], log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]));
+                 fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f ln(%.0f/%.0f)= %12.7f ",p[s1],freq[i][k][iagemax+3],freq[i][i][iagemax+3], log(freq[i][k][iagemax+3]/freq[i][i][iagemax+3]));
+               }
+               /* printf("%12.7f )", param[i][jj][k]); */
+               /* fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f )", param[i][jj][k]); */
+               s1++;
+             }
+             printf("\n");
+             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+           }
+         }
+       }
+       printf("#Freqsummary\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       for(s1=-1; s1 <=nlstate+ndeath; s1++){
+         for(s2=-1; s2 <=nlstate+ndeath; s2++){
+           /* param[i]|j][k]= freq[s1][s2][iagemax+3] */
+           printf(" %d%d=%.0f",s1,s2,freq[s1][s2][iagemax+3]);
+           fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",s1,s2,freq[s1][s2][iagemax+3]);
+           /* if(freq[s1][s2][iage] !=0 ) { /\* minimizing output *\/ */
+           /*   printf(" %d%d=%.0f",s1,s2,freq[s1][s2][iagemax+3]); */
+           /*   fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",s1,s2,freq[s1][s2][iagemax+3]); */
+           /* } */
+         }
+       } /* end loop s1 */
+       printf("\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+     } /* end j=0 */
+   } /* end j */
+   if(mle == -2){  /* We want to use these values as starting values */
+     for(i=1, jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+         if(j!=i){
+           /*ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';*/
+           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+           fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+             /*    printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
+             /*    fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
+             p[jk]=pstart[jk];
+             printf(" %f ",pstart[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficparo," %f ",pstart[jk]);
+             jk++;
+           }
+           printf("\n");
+           fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+         }
+       }
+     }
+   } /* end mle=-2 */
    dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt;
    fclose(ficresp);
-   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);
+   fclose(ficresphtm);
+   fclose(ficresphtmfr);
+   free_vector(meanq,1,nqfveff);
+   free_matrix(meanqt,1,lastpass,1,nqtveff);
+   free_vector(x, iagemin-AGEMARGE, iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
+   free_vector(y, iagemin-AGEMARGE, iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
+   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin-AGEMARGE, iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
+   free_vector(pospropt,1,nlstate);
+   free_vector(posprop,1,nlstate);
+   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin-AGEMARGE, iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
    free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
-   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin, iagemax+3);
+   /* End of freqsummary */
-   /* End of Freq */
+ }
+ /* Simple linear regression */
+ int linreg(int ifi, int ila, int *no, const double x[], const double y[], double* a, double* b, double* r, double* sa, double * sb) {
+   /* y=a+bx regression */
+   double   sumx = 0.0;                        /* sum of x                      */
+   double   sumx2 = 0.0;                       /* sum of x**2                   */
+   double   sumxy = 0.0;                       /* sum of x * y                  */
+   double   sumy = 0.0;                        /* sum of y                      */
+   double   sumy2 = 0.0;                       /* sum of y**2                   */
+   double   sume2 = 0.0;                       /* sum of square or residuals */
+   double yhat;
+   double denom=0;
+   int i;
+   int ne=*no;
+   for ( i=ifi, ne=0;i<=ila;i++) {
+     if(!isfinite(x[i]) || !isfinite(y[i])){
+       /* printf(" x[%d]=%f, y[%d]=%f\n",i,x[i],i,y[i]); */
+       continue;
+     }
+     ne=ne+1;
+     sumx  += x[i];
+     sumx2 += x[i]*x[i];
+     sumxy += x[i] * y[i];
+     sumy  += y[i];
+     sumy2 += y[i]*y[i];
+     denom = (ne * sumx2 - sumx*sumx);
+     /* printf("ne=%d, i=%d,x[%d]=%f, y[%d]=%f sumx=%f, sumx2=%f, sumxy=%f, sumy=%f, sumy2=%f, denom=%f\n",ne,i,i,x[i],i,y[i], sumx, sumx2,sumxy, sumy, sumy2,denom); */
+   }
+   denom = (ne * sumx2 - sumx*sumx);
+   if (denom == 0) {
+     // vertical, slope m is infinity
+     *b = INFINITY;
+     *a = 0;
+     if (r) *r = 0;
+     return 1;
+   }
+   *b = (ne * sumxy  -  sumx * sumy) / denom;
+   *a = (sumy * sumx2  -  sumx * sumxy) / denom;
+   if (r!=NULL) {
+     *r = (sumxy - sumx * sumy / ne) /          /* compute correlation coeff     */
+       sqrt((sumx2 - sumx*sumx/ne) *
+            (sumy2 - sumy*sumy/ne));
+   }
+   *no=ne;
+   for ( i=ifi, ne=0;i<=ila;i++) {
+     if(!isfinite(x[i]) || !isfinite(y[i])){
+       /* printf(" x[%d]=%f, y[%d]=%f\n",i,x[i],i,y[i]); */
+       continue;
+     }
+     ne=ne+1;
+     yhat = y[i] - *a -*b* x[i];
+     sume2  += yhat * yhat ;
+     denom = (ne * sumx2 - sumx*sumx);
+     /* printf("ne=%d, i=%d,x[%d]=%f, y[%d]=%f sumx=%f, sumx2=%f, sumxy=%f, sumy=%f, sumy2=%f, denom=%f\n",ne,i,i,x[i],i,y[i], sumx, sumx2,sumxy, sumy, sumy2,denom); */
+   }
+   *sb = sqrt(sume2/(double)(ne-2)/(sumx2 - sumx * sumx /(double)ne));
+   *sa= *sb * sqrt(sumx2/ne);
+   return 0;
  }
  /************ Prevalence ********************/
- Line 2650  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
+ Line 4967  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
       We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
    */
-   int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
+   int i, m, jk, j1, bool, z1,j, iv;
-   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
+   int mi; /* Effective wave */
-   double *pp, **prop;
+   int iage;
-   double pos,posprop;
+   double agebegin, ageend;
+   double **prop;
+   double posprop;
    double  y2; /* in fractional years */
    int iagemin, iagemax;
    int first; /** to stop verbosity which is redirected to log file */
- Line 2661  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
+ Line 4981  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
    iagemin= (int) agemin;
    iagemax= (int) agemax;
    /*pp=vector(1,nlstate);*/
-   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
    /*  freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);*/
    j1=0;
- Line 2669  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
+ Line 4989  void prevalence(double ***probs, double
    if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
    first=1;
-   for(j1=1; j1<= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);j1++){
+   for(j1=1; j1<= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);j1++){ /* For each combination of covariate */
-     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+     for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
-       j1++;*/
+       for(iage=iagemin-AGEMARGE; iage <= iagemax+4+AGEMARGE; iage++)
+         prop[i][iage]=0.0;
-       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
+     printf("Prevalence combination of varying and fixed dummies %d\n",j1);
-         for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
+     /* fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j1],nbcode[Tvaraff[j1]][codtabm(k,j1)]); */
-           prop[i][m]=0.0;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Prevalence combination of varying and fixed dummies %d\n",j1);
-       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
+     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
-         bool=1;
+       bool=1;
-         if  (cptcovn>0) {
+       /* for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/\* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*\/ */
-           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
+       for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){ /* For this wave too look where individual can be counted V4=0 V3=0 */
-             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])
+         m=mw[mi][i];
+         /* Tmodelind[z1]=k is the position of the varying covariate in the model, but which # within 1 to ntv? */
+         /* Tvar[Tmodelind[z1]] is the n of Vn; n-ncovcol-nqv is the first time varying covariate or iv */
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++){
+           if( Fixed[Tmodelind[z1]]==1){
+             iv= Tvar[Tmodelind[z1]]-ncovcol-nqv;
+             if (cotvar[m][iv][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]) /* iv=1 to ntv, right modality */
                bool=0;
-         }
+           }else if( Fixed[Tmodelind[z1]]== 0)  /* fixed */
-         if (bool==1) {
+             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]) {
-           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*/
+               bool=0;
+             }
+         }
+         if(bool==1){ /* Otherwise we skip that wave/person */
+           agebegin=agev[m][i]; /* Age at beginning of wave before transition*/
+           /* ageend=agev[m][i]+(dh[m][i])*stepm/YEARM; /\* Age at end of wave and transition *\/ */
+           if(m >=firstpass && m <=lastpass){
              y2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.); /* Fractional date in year */
              if ((y2>=dateprev1) && (y2<=dateprev2)) { /* Here is the main selection (fractional years) */
                if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
                if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
-               if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+3) printf("Error on individual =%d agev[m][i]=%f m=%d\n",i, agev[m][i],m);
+               if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin-AGEMARGE || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+4+AGEMARGE){
-               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) {
+                 printf("Error on individual # %d agev[m][i]=%f <%d-%d or > %d+3+%d  m=%d; either change agemin or agemax or fix data\n",i, agev[m][i],iagemin,AGEMARGE, iagemax,AGEMARGE,m);
+                 exit(1);
+               }
+               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) {
                  /*if(i>4620) printf(" i=%d m=%d s[m][i]=%d (int)agev[m][i]=%d weight[i]=%f prop=%f\n",i,m,s[m][i],(int)agev[m][m],weight[i],prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]]);*/
-                 prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+                 prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];/* At age of beginning of transition, where status is known */
                  prop[s[m][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
-               }
+               } /* end valid statuses */
-             }
+             } /* end selection of dates */
            } /* end selection of waves */
-         }
+         } /* end bool */
-       }
+       } /* end wave */
-       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
+     } /* end individual */
-         for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) {
+     for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
-           posprop += prop[jk][i];
+       for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) {
-         }
+         posprop += prop[jk][i];
+       }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-           if( i <=  iagemax){
+       for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-             if(posprop>=1.e-5){
+         if( i <=  iagemax){
-               probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
+           if(posprop>=1.e-5){
-             } else{
+             probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
-               if(first==1){
+           } else{
-                 first=0;
+             if(first==1){
-                 printf("Warning Observed prevalence probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others on log file...\n",jk,i,j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
+               first=0;
-               }
+               printf("Warning Observed prevalence doesn't sum to 1 for state %d: probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others in log file...\n",jk,i,jk, j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
+               fprintf(ficlog,"Warning Observed prevalence doesn't sum to 1 for state %d: probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others in log file...\n",jk,i,jk, j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
+             }else{
+               fprintf(ficlog,"Warning Observed prevalence doesn't sum to 1 for state %d: probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others in log file...\n",jk,i,jk, j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
              }
            }
-         }/* end jk */
+         }
-       }/* end i */
+       }/* end jk */
-     /*} *//* end i1 */
+     }/* end i */
+      /*} *//* end i1 */
    } /* end j1 */
    /*  free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);*/
    /*free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);*/
-   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin,iagemax+3);
+   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin-AGEMARGE,iagemax+4+AGEMARGE);
  }  /* End of prevalence */
  /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
- Line 2735  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
+ Line 5074  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
       mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
       dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
       and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
-      */
+   */
-   int i, mi, m;
+   int i=0, mi=0, m=0, mli=0;
    /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
       double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
-   int first;
+   int first=0, firstwo=0, firsthree=0, firstfour=0, firstfiv=0;
    int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
    double sum=0.;
    first=0;
-   jmin=1e+5;
+   firstwo=0;
+   firsthree=0;
+   firstfour=0;
+   jmin=100000;
    jmax=-1;
    jmean=0.;
-   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
-     mi=0;
+ /* Treating live states */
+   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){  /* For simple cases and if state is death */
+     mi=0;  /* First valid wave */
+     mli=0; /* Last valid wave */
      m=firstpass;
-     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
+     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){  /* a live state */
-       if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5)
+       if(m >firstpass && s[m][i]==s[m-1][i] && mint[m][i]==mint[m-1][i] && anint[m][i]==anint[m-1][i]){/* Two succesive identical information on wave m */
+         mli=m-1;/* mw[++mi][i]=m-1; */
+       }else if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){ /* Since 0.98r4 if status=-2 vital status is really unknown, wave should be skipped */
          mw[++mi][i]=m;
-       if(m >=lastpass)
+         mli=m;
+       } /* else might be a useless wave  -1 and mi is not incremented and mw[mi] not updated */
+       if(m < lastpass){ /* m < lastpass, standard case */
+         m++; /* mi gives the "effective" current wave, m the current wave, go to next wave by incrementing m */
+       }
+       else{ /* m >= lastpass, eventual special issue with warning */
+ #ifdef UNKNOWNSTATUSNOTCONTRIBUTING
          break;
-       else
+ #else
-         m++;
+         if(s[m][i]==-1 && (int) andc[i] == 9999 && (int)anint[m][i] != 9999){
-     }/* end while */
+           if(firsthree == 0){
-     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
+             printf("Information! Unknown status for individual %ld line=%d occurred at last wave %d at known date %d/%d. Please, check if your unknown date of death %d/%d means a live state %d at wave %d. This case(%d)/wave(%d) contributes to the likelihood as 1-p%d%d .\nOthers in log file only\n",num[i],i,lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], (int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], s[m][i], m, i, m, s[m][i], nlstate+ndeath);
-       mi++;     /* Death is another wave */
+             firsthree=1;
-       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
+           }
-          /* Only death is a correct wave */
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Information! Unknown status for individual %ld line=%d occurred at last wave %d at known date %d/%d. Please, check if your unknown date of death %d/%d means a live state %d at wave %d. This case(%d)/wave(%d) contributes to the likelihood as 1-p%d%d .\n",num[i],i,lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], (int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], s[m][i], m, i, m, s[m][i], nlstate+ndeath);
-       mw[mi][i]=m;
+           mw[++mi][i]=m;
-     }
+           mli=m;
+         }
+         if(s[m][i]==-2){ /* Vital status is really unknown */
+           nbwarn++;
+           if((int)anint[m][i] == 9999){  /*  Has the vital status really been verified? */
+             printf("Warning! Vital status for individual %ld (line=%d) at last wave %d interviewed at date %d/%d is unknown %d. Please, check if the vital status and the date of death %d/%d are really unknown. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood.\nOthers in log file only\n",num[i],i,lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], s[m][i], (int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], i, m);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! Vital status for individual %ld (line=%d) at last wave %d interviewed at date %d/%d is unknown %d. Please, check if the vital status and the date of death %d/%d are really unknown. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood.\n",num[i],i,lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], s[m][i], (int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], i, m);
+           }
+           break;
+         }
+         break;
+ #endif
+       }/* End m >= lastpass */
+     }/* end while */
-     wav[i]=mi;
+     /* mi is the last effective wave, m is lastpass, mw[j][i] gives the # of j-th effective wave for individual i */
+     /* After last pass */
+ /* Treating death states */
+     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){  /* In a death state */
+       /* if( mint[m][i]==mdc[m][i] && anint[m][i]==andc[m][i]){ /\* same date of death and date of interview *\/ */
+       /* } */
+       mi++;     /* Death is another wave */
+       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
+       /* Only death is a correct wave */
+       mw[mi][i]=m;
+     } /* else not in a death state */
+ #ifndef DISPATCHINGKNOWNDEATHAFTERLASTWAVE
+     else if ((int) andc[i] != 9999) {  /* Date of death is known */
+       if ((int)anint[m][i]!= 9999) { /* date of last interview is known */
+         if((andc[i]+moisdc[i]/12.) <=(anint[m][i]+mint[m][i]/12.)){ /* death occured before last wave and status should have been death instead of -1 */
+           nbwarn++;
+           if(firstfiv==0){
+             printf("Warning! Death for individual %ld line=%d occurred at %d/%d before last wave %d interviewed at %d/%d and should have been coded as death instead of '%d'. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is contributing to likelihood.\nOthers in log file only\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], s[m][i], i,m );
+             firstfiv=1;
+           }else{
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! Death for individual %ld line=%d occurred at %d/%d before last wave %d interviewed at %d/%d and should have been coded as death instead of '%d'. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is contributing to likelihood.\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], s[m][i], i,m );
+           }
+         }else{ /* Death occured afer last wave potential bias */
+           nberr++;
+           if(firstwo==0){
+             printf("Error! Death for individual %ld line=%d occurred at %d/%d after last wave %d interviewed at %d/%d. Potential bias if other individuals are still alive at this date but ignored. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood. Please add a new fictive wave at the date of last vital status scan, with a dead status or alive but unknown state status (-1). See documentation\nOthers in log file only\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], i,m );
+             firstwo=1;
+           }
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Death for individual %ld line=%d occurred at %d/%d after last wave %d interviewed at %d/%d. Potential bias if other individuals are still alive at this date but ignored. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood. Please add a new fictive wave at the date of last vital status scan, with a dead status or alive but unknown state status (-1). See documentation\n\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], i,m );
+         }
+       }else{ /* if date of interview is unknown */
+         /* death is known but not confirmed by death status at any wave */
+         if(firstfour==0){
+           printf("Error! Death for individual %ld line=%d  occurred %d/%d but not confirmed by any death status for any wave, including last wave %d at unknown date %d/%d. Potential bias if other individuals are still alive at this date but ignored. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood.\nOthers in log file only\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], i,m );
+           firstfour=1;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Death for individual %ld line=%d  occurred %d/%d but not confirmed by any death status for any wave, including last wave %d at unknown date %d/%d. Potential bias if other individuals are still alive at this date but ignored. This case (%d)/wave (%d) is skipped, no contribution to likelihood.\n",num[i],i,(int) moisdc[i], (int) andc[i], lastpass,(int)mint[m][i],(int)anint[m][i], i,m );
+       }
+     } /* end if date of death is known */
+ #endif
+     wav[i]=mi; /* mi should be the last effective wave (or mli) */
+     /* wav[i]=mw[mi][i]; */
      if(mi==0){
        nbwarn++;
        if(first==0){
- Line 2777  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
+ Line 5184  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
        }
      } /* end mi==0 */
    } /* End individuals */
+   /* wav and mw are no more changed */
    for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
      for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
        if (stepm <=0)
          dh[mi][i]=1;
        else{
-         if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death */
+         if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death, but what if date is unknown? */
            if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
              j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12);
              if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
- Line 2812  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
+ Line 5221  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
          else{
            j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
  /*        if (j<0) printf("%d %lf %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i], agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]); */
            k=k+1;
            if (j >= jmax) {
              jmax=j;
- Line 2866  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
+ Line 5275  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int
    jmean=sum/k;
    printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, num[ijmin], jmax, num[ijmax], jmean);
    fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %d) Max=%d (%d) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, ijmin, jmax, ijmax, jmean);
-  }
+ }
  /*********** Tricode ****************************/
- void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx, int *Ndum)
+  void tricode(int *cptcov, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx, int *Ndum)
- {
+  {
-   /**< Uses cptcovn+2*cptcovprod as the number of covariates */
+    /**< Uses cptcovn+2*cptcovprod as the number of covariates */
-   /*      Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);  find 'n' in Vn and stores in Tvar. If model=V2+V1 Tvar[1]=2 and Tvar[2]=1
+    /*     Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);  find 'n' in Vn and stores in Tvar. If model=V2+V1 Tvar[1]=2 and Tvar[2]=1
-   /* Boring subroutine which should only output nbcode[Tvar[j]][k]
+     * Boring subroutine which should only output nbcode[Tvar[j]][k]
-    * Tvar[5] in V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is 2 (V2)
+     * Tvar[5] in V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is 4 (V4) even it is a time varying or quantitative variable
-   /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]=
+     * nbcode[Tvar[5]][1]= nbcode[4][1]=0, nbcode[4][2]=1 (usually);
-   */
+     */
-   int ij=1, k=0, j=0, i=0, maxncov=NCOVMAX;
+    int ij=1, k=0, j=0, i=0, maxncov=NCOVMAX;
-   int modmaxcovj=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
+    int modmaxcovj=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
-   int cptcode=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
+    int cptcode=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
-   int modmincovj=0; /* Modality min of covariates j */
+    int modmincovj=0; /* Modality min of covariates j */
-   cptcoveff=0;
+    /* cptcoveff=0;  */
+    /* *cptcov=0; */
-   for (k=-1; k < maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
+    for (k=1; k <= maxncov; k++) ncodemax[k]=0; /* Horrible constant again replaced by NCOVMAX */
-   for (k=1; k <= maxncov; k++) ncodemax[k]=0; /* Horrible constant again replaced by NCOVMAX */
-   /* Loop on covariates without age and products */
+    /* Loop on covariates without age and products and no quantitative variable */
-   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovs); j++) { /* model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4 : V1 + V3 = 2 only */
+    /* for (j=1; j<=(cptcovs); j++) { /\* From model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4 keeps V1 + V3 = 2 only *\/ */
-     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Lopp on individuals: reads the data file to get the maximum value of the
+    for (k=1; k<=cptcovt; k++) { /* From model V1 + V2*age + V3 + V3*V4 keeps V1 + V3 = 2 only */
-                                modality of this covariate Vj*/
+      for (j=-1; (j < maxncov); j++) Ndum[j]=0;
-       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij=0 or 1 or -1. Value of the covariate Tvar[j] for individual i
+      if(Dummy[k]==0 && Typevar[k] !=1){ /* Dummy covariate and not age product */
-                                     * If product of Vn*Vm, still boolean *:
+        switch(Fixed[k]) {
-                                     * If it was coded 1, 2, 3, 4 should be splitted into 3 boolean variables
+        case 0: /* Testing on fixed dummy covariate, simple or product of fixed */
-                                     * 1 => 0 0 0, 2 => 0 0 1, 3 => 0 1 1, 4=1 0 0   */
+          for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Loop on individuals: reads the data file to get the maximum value of the  modality of this covariate Vj*/
-       /* Finds for covariate j, n=Tvar[j] of Vn . ij is the
+            ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[k]][i]);
-                                       modality of the nth covariate of individual i. */
+            /* ij=0 or 1 or -1. Value of the covariate Tvar[j] for individual i
-       if (ij > modmaxcovj)
+             * If product of Vn*Vm, still boolean *:
-         modmaxcovj=ij;
+             * If it was coded 1, 2, 3, 4 should be splitted into 3 boolean variables
-       else if (ij < modmincovj)
+             * 1 => 0 0 0, 2 => 0 0 1, 3 => 0 1 1, 4=1 0 0   */
-         modmincovj=ij;
+            /* Finds for covariate j, n=Tvar[j] of Vn . ij is the
-       if ((ij < -1) && (ij > NCOVMAX)){
+               modality of the nth covariate of individual i. */
-         printf( "Error: minimal is less than -1 or maximal is bigger than %d. Exiting. \n", NCOVMAX );
+            if (ij > modmaxcovj)
-         exit(1);
+              modmaxcovj=ij;
-       }else
+            else if (ij < modmincovj)
-       Ndum[ij]++; /*counts and stores the occurence of this modality 0, 1, -1*/
+              modmincovj=ij;
-       /*  If coded 1, 2, 3 , counts the number of 1 Ndum[1], number of 2, Ndum[2], etc */
+            if ((ij < -1) && (ij > NCOVMAX)){
-       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
+              printf( "Error: minimal is less than -1 or maximal is bigger than %d. Exiting. \n", NCOVMAX );
-       /* getting the maximum value of the modality of the covariate
+              exit(1);
-          (should be 0 or 1 now) Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is coded 0 and
+            }else
-          female is 1, then modmaxcovj=1.*/
+              Ndum[ij]++; /*counts and stores the occurence of this modality 0, 1, -1*/
-     }
+            /*  If coded 1, 2, 3 , counts the number of 1 Ndum[1], number of 2, Ndum[2], etc */
-     printf(" Minimal and maximal values of %d th covariate V%d: min=%d max=%d \n", j, Tvar[j], modmincovj, modmaxcovj);
+            /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
-     cptcode=modmaxcovj;
+            /* getting the maximum value of the modality of the covariate
-     /* Ndum[0] = frequency of 0 for model-covariate j, Ndum[1] frequency of 1 etc. */
+               (should be 0 or 1 now) Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is coded 0 and
-    /*for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {*/
+               female ies 1, then modmaxcovj=1.
-     for (i=modmincovj;  i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i=-1 ? 0 and 1*//* For each value of the modality of model-cov j */
+            */
-       printf("Frequencies of covariates %d V%d %d\n", j, Tvar[j], Ndum[i]);
+          } /* end for loop on individuals i */
-       if( Ndum[i] != 0 ){ /* Counts if nobody answered, empty modality */
+          printf(" Minimal and maximal values of %d th (fixed) covariate V%d: min=%d max=%d \n", k, Tvar[k], modmincovj, modmaxcovj);
-         ncodemax[j]++;  /* ncodemax[j]= Number of non-null modalities of the j th covariate. */
+          fprintf(ficlog," Minimal and maximal values of %d th (fixed) covariate V%d: min=%d max=%d \n", k, Tvar[k], modmincovj, modmaxcovj);
-       }
+          cptcode=modmaxcovj;
-       /* In fact  ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables only) but it could be more for
+          /* Ndum[0] = frequency of 0 for model-covariate j, Ndum[1] frequency of 1 etc. */
-          historical reasons: 3 if coded 1, 2, 3 and 4 and Ndum[2]=0 */
+          /*for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {*/
-     } /* Ndum[-1] number of undefined modalities */
+          for (j=modmincovj;  j<=modmaxcovj; j++) { /* j=-1 ? 0 and 1*//* For each value j of the modality of model-cov k */
+            printf("Frequencies of (fixed) covariate %d ie V%d with value %d: %d\n", k, Tvar[k], j, Ndum[j]);
-     /* j is a covariate, n=Tvar[j] of Vn; Fills nbcode */
+            fprintf(ficlog, "Frequencies of (fixed) covariate %d ie V%d with value %d: %d\n", k, Tvar[k], j, Ndum[j]);
-     /* For covariate j, modalities could be 1, 2, 3, 4. If Ndum[2]=0 ncodemax[j] is not 4 but 3 */
+            if( Ndum[j] != 0 ){ /* Counts if nobody answered modality j ie empty modality, we skip it and reorder */
-     /* If Ndum[3}= 635; Ndum[4]=0; Ndum[5]=0; Ndum[6]=27; Ndum[7]=125;
+              if( j != -1){
-        modmincovj=3; modmaxcovj = 7;
+                ncodemax[k]++;  /* ncodemax[k]= Number of modalities of the k th
-        There are only 3 modalities non empty (or 2 if 27 is too few) : ncodemax[j]=3;
+                                   covariate for which somebody answered excluding
-        which will be coded 0, 1, 2 which in binary on 3-1 digits are 0=00 1=01, 2=10; defining two dummy
+                                   undefined. Usually 2: 0 and 1. */
-        variables V1_1 and V1_2.
+              }
-        nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;
+              ncodemaxwundef[k]++; /* ncodemax[j]= Number of modalities of the k th
-        nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]=0;
+                                      covariate for which somebody answered including
-        nbcode[Tvar[j]][2]=1;
+                                      undefined. Usually 3: -1, 0 and 1. */
-        nbcode[Tvar[j]][3]=2;
+            }    /* In fact  ncodemax[k]=2 (dichotom. variables only) but it could be more for
-     */
+                  * historical reasons: 3 if coded 1, 2, 3 and 4 and Ndum[2]=0 */
-     ij=1; /* ij is similar to i but can jumps over null modalities */
+          } /* Ndum[-1] number of undefined modalities */
-     for (i=modmincovj; i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i= 1 to 2 for dichotomous, or from 1 to 3 */
-       for (k=0; k<= cptcode; k++) { /* k=-1 ? k=0 to 1 *//* Could be 1 to 4 */
+          /* j is a covariate, n=Tvar[j] of Vn; Fills nbcode */
-         /*recode from 0 */
+          /* For covariate j, modalities could be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. */
-         if (Ndum[k] != 0) { /* If at least one individual responded to this modality k */
+          /* If Ndum[1]=0, Ndum[2]=0, Ndum[3]= 635, Ndum[4]=0, Ndum[5]=0, Ndum[6]=27, Ndum[7]=125; */
-           nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;  /* stores the modality in an array nbcode.
+          /* modmincovj=3; modmaxcovj = 7; */
-                                      k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex
+          /* There are only 3 modalities non empty 3, 6, 7 (or 2 if 27 is too few) : ncodemax[j]=3; */
-                                      then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
+          /* which will be coded 0, 1, 2 which in binary on 2=3-1 digits are 0=00 1=01, 2=10; */
-           ij++;
+          /*              defining two dummy variables: variables V1_1 and V1_2.*/
-         }
+          /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k; */
-         if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break;
+          /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]=0; */
-       }  /* end of loop on */
+          /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][2]=1; */
-     } /* end of loop on modality */
+          /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][3]=2; */
-   } /* end of loop on model-covariate j. nbcode[Tvarj][1]=0 and nbcode[Tvarj][2]=1 sets the value of covariate j*/
+          /* To be continued (not working yet). */
+          ij=0; /* ij is similar to i but can jump over null modalities */
-  for (k=-1; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
+          for (i=modmincovj; i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i= 1 to 2 for dichotomous, or from 1 to 3 or from -1 or 0 to 1 currently*/
+            if (Ndum[i] == 0) { /* If nobody responded to this modality k */
-   for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) { /* -2, cste and age */
+              break;
-    /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/
+            }
-    ij=Tvar[i]; /* Tvar might be -1 if status was unknown */
+            ij++;
-    Ndum[ij]++;
+            nbcode[Tvar[k]][ij]=i;  /* stores the original value of modality i in an array nbcode, ij modality from 1 to last non-nul modality. nbcode[1][1]=0 nbcode[1][2]=1*/
-  }
+            cptcode = ij; /* New max modality for covar j */
+          } /* end of loop on modality i=-1 to 1 or more */
-  ij=1;
+          break;
-  for (i=0; i<=  maxncov-1; i++) { /* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) */
+        case 1: /* Testing on varying covariate, could be simple and
-    /*printf("Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
+                 * should look at waves or product of fixed *
-    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
+                 * varying. No time to test -1, assuming 0 and 1 only */
-      /*printf("diff Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
+          ij=0;
-      Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing (unclear) */
+          for(i=0; i<=1;i++){
-      ij++;
+            nbcode[Tvar[k]][++ij]=i;
-    }else
+          }
-        Tvaraff[ij]=0;
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+        } /* end switch */
+      } /* end dummy test */
+      /*   for (k=0; k<= cptcode; k++) { /\* k=-1 ? k=0 to 1 *\//\* Could be 1 to 4 *\//\* cptcode=modmaxcovj *\/ */
+      /*         /\*recode from 0 *\/ */
+      /*                                      k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex  */
+      /*                                      then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
+      /*                                   But if some modality were not used, it is recoded from 0 to a newer modmaxcovj=cptcode *\/ */
+      /*         } */
+      /*         /\* cptcode = ij; *\/ /\* New max modality for covar j *\/ */
+      /*         if (ij > ncodemax[j]) { */
+      /*           printf( " Error ij=%d > ncodemax[%d]=%d\n", ij, j, ncodemax[j]);  */
+      /*           fprintf(ficlog, " Error ij=%d > ncodemax[%d]=%d\n", ij, j, ncodemax[j]); */
+      /*           break; */
+      /*         } */
+      /*   }  /\* end of loop on modality k *\/ */
+    } /* end of loop on model-covariate j. nbcode[Tvarj][1]=0 and nbcode[Tvarj][2]=1 sets the value of covariate j*/
+    for (k=-1; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
+    /* Look at fixed dummy (single or product) covariates to check empty modalities */
+    for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2-nagesqr; i++) { /* -2, cste and age and eventually age*age */
+      /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/
+      ij=Tvar[i]; /* Tvar 5,4,3,6,5,7,1,4 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V4*age */
+      Ndum[ij]++; /* Count the # of 1, 2 etc: {1,1,1,2,2,1,1} because V1 once, V2 once, two V4 and V5 in above */
+      /* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1,  {2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0} */
+    } /* V4+V3+V5, Ndum[1]@5={0, 0, 1, 1, 1} */
+    ij=0;
+    /* for (i=0; i<=  maxncov-1; i++) { /\* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) *\/ */
+    for (k=1; k<=  cptcovt; k++) { /* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) */
+      /*printf("Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
+      /* if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){  /\* Tvar[i] <= ncovmodel ? *\/ */
+      if(Ndum[Tvar[k]]!=0 && Dummy[k] == 0 && Typevar[k]==0){  /* Only Dummy and non empty in the model */
+        /* If product not in single variable we don't print results */
+        /*printf("diff Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
+        ++ij;/* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, */
+        Tvaraff[ij]=Tvar[k]; /* For printing combination *//* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, Tvar {5, 4, 3, 6, 5, 2, 7, 1, 1} Tvaraff={4, 3, 1} V4, V3, V1*/
+        Tmodelind[ij]=k; /* Tmodelind: index in model of dummies Tmodelind[1]=2 V4: pos=2; V3: pos=3, V1=9 {2, 3, 9, ?, ?,} */
+        TmodelInvind[ij]=Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv; /* Inverse TmodelInvind[2=V4]=2 second dummy varying cov (V4)4-1-1 {0, 2, 1, } TmodelInvind[3]=1 */
+        if(Fixed[k]!=0)
+          anyvaryingduminmodel=1;
+        /* }else if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol+nqv)){ */
+        /*   Tvaraff[++ij]=-10; /\* Dont'n know how to treat quantitative variables yet *\/ */
+        /* }else if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol+nqv+ntv)){ */
+        /*   Tvaraff[++ij]=i; /\*For printing (unclear) *\/ */
+        /* }else if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv)){ */
+        /*   Tvaraff[++ij]=-20; /\* Dont'n know how to treat quantitative variables yet *\/ */
+      }
+    } /* Tvaraff[1]@5 {3, 4, -20, 0, 0} Very strange */
+    /* ij--; */
+    /* cptcoveff=ij; /\*Number of total covariates*\/ */
+    *cptcov=ij; /*Number of total real effective covariates: effective
+                 * because they can be excluded from the model and real
+                 * if in the model but excluded because missing values, but how to get k from ij?*/
+    for(j=ij+1; j<= cptcovt; j++){
+      Tvaraff[j]=0;
+      Tmodelind[j]=0;
+    }
+    for(j=ntveff+1; j<= cptcovt; j++){
+      TmodelInvind[j]=0;
+    }
+    /* To be sorted */
+    ;
   }
-  ij--;
-  cptcoveff=ij; /*Number of total covariates*/
- }
  /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
- void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[] )
+  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[], int nres )
  {
    /* Health expectancies, no variances */
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2;
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm;
    int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
    double age, agelim, hf;
    double ***p3mat;
    double eip;
-   pstamp(ficreseij);
+   /* pstamp(ficreseij); */
    fprintf(ficreseij,"# (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age and (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age\n");
    fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
- Line 3021  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
+ Line 5491  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
    /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
       nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
       nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
-      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
+      Look at hpijx to understand the reason which relies in memory size consideration
       and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
    /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
       survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
- Line 3053  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
+ Line 5523  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
      /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
         in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
-     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepma,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
+     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepma,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij, nres);
      hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
- Line 3088  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
+ Line 5558  void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], in
  }
- void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[] )
+  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[], int nres )
  {
    /* Covariances of health expectancies eij and of total life expectancies according
-    to initial status i, ei. .
+      to initial status i, ei. .
    */
    int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2, ij, ji;
    int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
- Line 3186  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5656  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
      /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
      /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
      nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
      /* If stepm=6 months */
      /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
         in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
      hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
      /* Computing  Variances of health expectancies */
      /* Gradient is computed with plus gp and minus gm. Code is duplicated in order to
         decrease memory allocation */
- Line 3201  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5671  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
          xm[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
        }
-       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
+       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij, nres);
-       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
+       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij, nres);
        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
          for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
            for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
- Line 3212  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5682  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
            }
          }
        }
        for(ij=1; ij<= nlstate*nlstate; ij++)
          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
            gradg[h][theta][ij]= (gp[h][ij]-gm[h][ij])/2./delti[theta];
- Line 3225  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5695  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
            trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
-      for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
+     for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
        for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
          varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] =0.;
-      printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
+     printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
-      fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
-      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
+     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
        for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
          matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
          matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate,gradg[k]);
- Line 3241  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5711  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
              varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] += doldm[ij][ji]*hf*hf;
        }
      }
      /* Computing expectancies */
-     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
+     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij,nres);
      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
          for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
            eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
            /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
          }
+     /* Standard deviation of expectancies ij */
      fprintf(ficresstdeij,"%3.0f",age );
      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
        eip=0.;
- Line 3266  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5737  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
        fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eip, sqrt(vip));
      }
      fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
+     /* Variance of expectancies ij */
      fprintf(ficrescveij,"%3.0f",age );
      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
- Line 3279  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5751  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
            }
        }
      fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
    }
    free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
    free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
- Line 3289  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
+ Line 5761  void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[],
    free_ma3x(p3matp,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
    printf("\n");
    fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
    free_vector(xm,1,npar);
    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
    free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
    free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
  }
  /************ Variance ******************/
- void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[])
+  void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int *ncvyearp, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[], int nres)
- {
+  {
-   /* Variance of health expectancies */
+    /* Variance of health expectancies */
-   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
+    /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
-   /* double **newm;*/
+    /* double **newm;*/
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+    /* int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav)*/
-   double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
+    /* int movingaverage(); */
-   int k, cptcode;
+    double **dnewm,**doldm;
-   double *xp;
+    double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
-   double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
+    int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
-   double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
+    int k;
-   double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
+    double *xp;
-   double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
+    double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
-   double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
+    double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
-   double ***p3mat;
+    double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
-   double age,agelim, hf;
+    double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
-   double ***mobaverage;
+    double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
-   int theta;
+    double ***p3mat;
-   char digit[4];
+    double age,agelim, hf;
-   char digitp[25];
+    /* double ***mobaverage; */
+    int theta;
+    char digit[4];
+    char digitp[25];
+    char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    if(popbased==1){
+      if(mobilav!=0)
+        strcpy(digitp,"-POPULBASED-MOBILAV_");
+      else strcpy(digitp,"-POPULBASED-NOMOBIL_");
+    }
+    else
+      strcpy(digitp,"-STABLBASED_");
-   char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    /* if (mobilav!=0) { */
+    /*   mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+    /*   if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){ */
+    /*     fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav); */
+    /*     printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav); */
+    /*   } */
+    /* } */
+    strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"PRMORPREV-");
+    sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
+    /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
+    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
+    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
+    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileresu);
+    if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
+      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+    }
+    printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+    pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
+    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
+    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Selected quantitative variables and dummies");
+    for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+    }
+    for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(ij,j)]);
+    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
+    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
+    for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
+      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
+    }
+    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset title \n");
+    /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
+    /*   } */
+    varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    pstamp(ficresvij);
+    fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
+    if(popbased==1)
+      fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+    else
+      fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+    fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
+    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+      for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+        fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
+    fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
+    xp=vector(1,npar);
+    dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+    dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
+    doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
+    if(estepm < stepm){
+      printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+    }
+    else  hstepm=estepm;
+    /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
+    /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
+       nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
+       nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelim.
+       Look at function hpijx to understand why because of memory size limitations,
+       we decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
+       survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
+       means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
+       you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
+       results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
+    */
+    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
+    agelim = AGESUP;
+    for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+      nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+      nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
+      p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+      gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+      gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+      gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+      for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
+        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
+          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+        }
+        prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij, nres);
+        if (popbased==1) {
+          if(mobilav ==0){
+            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+          }else{ /* mobilav */
+            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+          }
+        }
+        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij,nres);  /* Returns p3mat[i][j][h] for h=1 to nhstepm */
+        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
+          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+            for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
+              gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
+          }
+        }
+        /* Next for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+           computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
+           as a weighted average of prlim.
+        */
+        for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+          for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
+            gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+        }
+        /* end probability of death */
+        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
+          xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+        prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp, ij, nres);
+        if (popbased==1) {
+          if(mobilav ==0){
+            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+          }else{ /* mobilav */
+            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+          }
+        }
+        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij,nres);
+        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  /* Sum of wi * eij = e.j */
+          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+            for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
+              gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
+          }
+        }
+        /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+           computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
+           as a weighted average of prlim.
+        */
+        for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+          for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
+            gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+        }
+        /* end probability of death */
+        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
+          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+            gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
+          }
+        for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
+          gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
+        }
+      } /* End theta */
+      trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
+      for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
+        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
+            trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
+      for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
+        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
+          trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
+      hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
+      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+        for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+          vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
+      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
+        for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
+          matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+          matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
+          for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+            for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+              vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
+        }
+      }
+      /* pptj */
+      matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+      matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
+      for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+        for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
+          varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
+      /* end ppptj */
+      /*  x centered again */
+      prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij, nres);
+      if (popbased==1) {
+        if(mobilav ==0){
+          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+            prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+        }else{ /* mobilav */
+          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+            prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+        }
+      }
+      /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+         computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
+         as a weighted average of prlim.
+      */
+      hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij, nres);
+      for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+        for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++)
+          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+      }
+      /* end probability of death */
+      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
+      for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
+        for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
+        }
+      }
+      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
+      fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
+      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+          fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
+        }
+      fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
+      free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+      free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+      free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+      free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+      free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+    } /* End age */
+    free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+    free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
+    /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter png small size 320, 240"); */
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter svg size 640, 480");
+    /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.svg\";",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"VARMUPTJGR-",digitp),digit);
+    /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+    /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+    /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l lt 1 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95%% interval\" w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.svg\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"VARMUPTJGR-",digitp),digit);
+    /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.svg\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
+     */
+    /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.svg\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out;\nset out \"%s%s.svg\";replot;set out;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"VARMUPTJGR-",digitp),digit);
-   if(popbased==1){
+    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-     if(mobilav!=0)
+    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-       strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
+    free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-     else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
+    free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   }
+    free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
-   else
+    free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
+    /* if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+    fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
+    fflush(ficgp);
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+    fflush(fichtm);
-     if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+  }  /* end varevsij */
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-     }
-   }
-   strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev");
+ /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
-   sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
+  void varprevlim(char fileresvpl[], FILE *ficresvpl, double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int *ncvyearp, int ij, char strstart[], int nres)
-   /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
+ {
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
+   /* Variance of prevalence limit  for each state ij using current parameters x[] and estimates of neighbourhood give by delti*/
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
+   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
-   if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
+   double **dnewmpar,**doldm;
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+   double *xp;
-   }
+   double *gp, *gm;
-   printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+   double **gradg, **trgradg;
+   double **mgm, **mgp;
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+   double age,agelim;
-   pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
+   int theta;
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
+   pstamp(ficresvpl);
-   for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age ");
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+   if(nresult >=1)
-       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
+     fprintf(ficresvpl," Result# ");
-   }
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
-   /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
- /*   } */
-   varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   pstamp(ficresvij);
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
-   if(popbased==1)
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-   else
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
-       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
    xp=vector(1,npar);
-   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+   dnewmpar=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-   dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
-   doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
-   if(estepm < stepm){
+   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
-     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
-   }
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
-   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
-   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
-      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
-      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
-      Look at function hpijx to understand why (it is linked to memory size questions) */
-   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
-      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
-      means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
-      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
-      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
-   */
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
    agelim = AGESUP;
    for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
-     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
-     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
+     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
-     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
-     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+     mgp=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+     mgm=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     gp=vector(1,nlstate);
+     gm=vector(1,nlstate);
      for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
        }
-       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
+       if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 )
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+         prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
+       else
-       if (popbased==1) {
+         prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
-         if(mobilav ==0){
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
-             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+         mgp[theta][i] = prlim[i][i];
-         }else{ /* mobilav */
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-         }
-       }
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-           for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
-             gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
-         }
        }
-       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
-          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-          as a weighted average of prlim.
-       */
-       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
-           gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
-       }
-       /* end probability of death */
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
          xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
+       if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 )
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+         prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
+       else
-       if (popbased==1) {
+         prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
-         if(mobilav ==0){
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
-             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+         mgm[theta][i] = prlim[i][i];
-         }else{ /* mobilav */
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-         }
-       }
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  /* Sum of wi * eij = e.j */
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-           for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
-             gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
-         }
-       }
-       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
-          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-          as a weighted average of prlim.
-       */
-       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
-          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
-       }
-       /* end probability of death */
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-           gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
-         }
-       for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
-         gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
        }
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+         gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
+       /* gradg[theta][2]= -gradg[theta][1]; */ /* For testing if nlstate=2 */
      } /* End theta */
-     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
+     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
-     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
-     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-         trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
+         trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
+     /* if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 ){ */
+     /*   printf("\nmgm mgp %d ",(int)age); */
+     /*   for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){ */
+     /*  printf(" %d ",j); */
+     /*  for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++) */
+     /*    printf(" %d %lf %lf",theta,mgm[theta][j],mgp[theta][j]); */
+     /*  printf("\n "); */
+     /*   } */
+     /* } */
+     /* if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 ){ */
+     /*   printf("\n gradg %d ",(int)age); */
+     /*   for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){ */
+     /*  printf("%d ",j); */
+     /*  for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++) */
+     /*    printf("%d %lf ",theta,gradg[theta][j]); */
+     /*  printf("\n "); */
+     /*   } */
+     /* } */
-     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
-         vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
+     if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80  ||(int)age== 81){
+     matprod2(dnewmpar,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
+     matprod2(doldm,dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
-       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
+     }else{
-         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     matprod2(dnewmpar,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
+     matprod2(doldm,dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
-         for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-           for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
-             vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
-       }
-     }
-     /* pptj */
-     matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-     matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
-     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
-       for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
-         varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
-     /* end ppptj */
-     /*  x centered again */
-     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
-     prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-     if (popbased==1) {
-       if(mobilav ==0){
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-           prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
-       }else{ /* mobilav */
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-           prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-       }
      }
+     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-     /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
-        computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-        as a weighted average of prlim.
-     */
-     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++)
-         gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
-     }
-     /* end probability of death */
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
-     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-         fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
-       }
-     }
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
+     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
+     if(nresult >=1)
+       fprintf(ficresvpl,"%d ",nres );
      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
-         fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
+     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
-       }
+     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
+     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
-     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(mgm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(mgp,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
    } /* End age */
-   free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter png small size 320, 240");
-   /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l lt 1 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95\%% interval\" w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
-   /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
- */
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.png\";replot;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+   free_matrix(dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-   free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
-   fflush(ficgp);
-   fflush(fichtm);
- }  /* end varevsij */
- /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
+ }
- void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, char strstart[])
+ /************ Variance of backprevalence limit ******************/
+  void varbrevlim(char fileresvbl[], FILE  *ficresvbl, double **varbpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **bprlim, double ftolpl, int mobilavproj, int *ncvyearp, int ij, char strstart[], int nres)
  {
-   /* Variance of prevalence limit */
+   /* Variance of backward prevalence limit  for each state ij using current parameters x[] and estimates of neighbourhood give by delti*/
    /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
-   double **newm;
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+   double **dnewmpar,**doldm;
    int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
-   int k, cptcode;
    double *xp;
    double *gp, *gm;
    double **gradg, **trgradg;
+   double **mgm, **mgp;
    double age,agelim;
    int theta;
-   pstamp(ficresvpl);
+   pstamp(ficresvbl);
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
+   fprintf(ficresvbl,"# Standard deviation of back (stable) prevalences \n");
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
+   fprintf(ficresvbl,"# Age ");
+   if(nresult >=1)
+     fprintf(ficresvbl," Result# ");
    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
+       fprintf(ficresvbl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
+   fprintf(ficresvbl,"\n");
    xp=vector(1,npar);
-   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+   dnewmpar=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
    hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
-   agelim = AGESUP;
+   agelim = AGEINF;
-   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+   for (age=fage; age>=bage; age --){ /* If stepm=6 months */
-     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+     nhstepm=(int) rint((age-agelim)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
      if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
      nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
      gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     mgp=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     mgm=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
      gp=vector(1,nlstate);
      gm=vector(1,nlstate);
- Line 3642  void varprevlim(char fileres[], double *
+ Line 6261  void varprevlim(char fileres[], double *
        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
        }
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+       if(mobilavproj > 0 )
-       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+         bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage,nlstate,xp,age,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
-         gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
+       else
+         bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage,nlstate,xp,age,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
+         gp[i] = bprlim[i][i];
+         mgp[theta][i] = bprlim[i][i];
+       }
+      for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
          xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+        if(mobilavproj > 0 )
-       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+         bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage,nlstate,xp,age,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
-         gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
+        else
+         bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage,nlstate,xp,age,ftolpl,ncvyearp,ij,nres);
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
+         gm[i] = bprlim[i][i];
+         mgm[theta][i] = bprlim[i][i];
+       }
        for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
          gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
+       /* gradg[theta][2]= -gradg[theta][1]; */ /* For testing if nlstate=2 */
      } /* End theta */
      trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
- Line 3661  void varprevlim(char fileres[], double *
+ Line 6289  void varprevlim(char fileres[], double *
      for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
          trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
+     /* if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 ){ */
+     /*   printf("\nmgm mgp %d ",(int)age); */
+     /*   for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){ */
+     /*  printf(" %d ",j); */
+     /*  for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++) */
+     /*    printf(" %d %lf %lf",theta,mgm[theta][j],mgp[theta][j]); */
+     /*  printf("\n "); */
+     /*   } */
+     /* } */
+     /* if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80 ||(int)age== 81 ){ */
+     /*   printf("\n gradg %d ",(int)age); */
+     /*   for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){ */
+     /*  printf("%d ",j); */
+     /*  for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++) */
+     /*    printf("%d %lf ",theta,gradg[theta][j]); */
+     /*  printf("\n "); */
+     /*   } */
+     /* } */
      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
+       varbpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
-     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     if((int)age==79 ||(int)age== 80  ||(int)age== 81){
-     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
+     matprod2(dnewmpar,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     matprod2(doldm,dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
+     }else{
+     matprod2(dnewmpar,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     matprod2(doldm,dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
+     }
      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
+       varbpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
-     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
+     fprintf(ficresvbl,"%.0f ",age );
+     if(nresult >=1)
+       fprintf(ficresvbl,"%d ",nres );
      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
+       fprintf(ficresvbl," %.5f (%.5f)",bprlim[i][i],sqrt(varbpl[i][(int)age]));
-     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
+     fprintf(ficresvbl,"\n");
      free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
      free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(mgm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(mgp,1,npar,1,nlstate);
      free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
      free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
    } /* End age */
    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+   free_matrix(dnewmpar,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
  }
  /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
  void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax, char strstart[])
- {
+  {
-   int i, j=0,  i1, k1, l1, t, tj;
+    int i, j=0,  k1, l1, tj;
-   int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
+    int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
-   int k=0,l, cptcode;
+    int k=0, l;
-   int first=1, first1, first2;
+    int first=1, first1, first2;
-   double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
+    double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+    double **dnewm,**doldm;
-   double *xp;
+    double *xp;
-   double *gp, *gm;
+    double *gp, *gm;
-   double **gradg, **trgradg;
+    double **gradg, **trgradg;
-   double **mu;
+    double **mu;
-   double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
+    double age, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
-   double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
+    double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
-   int theta;
+    int theta;
-   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
-   char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
-   char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
-   double ***varpij;
+    double ***varpij;
-   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob");
+    strcpy(fileresprob,"PROB_");
-   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
+    strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
-   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
+    if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
+      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
-   }
+    }
-   strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov");
+    strcpy(fileresprobcov,"PROBCOV_");
-   strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
+    strcat(fileresprobcov,fileresu);
-   if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
+    if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
+      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
-   }
+    }
-   strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor");
+    strcpy(fileresprobcor,"PROBCOR_");
-   strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
+    strcat(fileresprobcor,fileresu);
-   if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
+    if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
+      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
-   }
+    }
-   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
+    printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
+    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
-   printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
+    printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
+    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
-   printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
+    printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
+    fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
-   pstamp(ficresprob);
+    pstamp(ficresprob);
-   fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
+    fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
+    fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
-   pstamp(ficresprobcov);
+    pstamp(ficresprobcov);
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
+    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
+    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
-   pstamp(ficresprobcor);
+    pstamp(ficresprobcor);
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
+    fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
+    fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+      for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
+        fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
-       fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
+        fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
-       fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
+        fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
-     }
+      }
-  /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
+    /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
+       fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
+       fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
-  */
+    */
-   xp=vector(1,npar);
+    xp=vector(1,npar);
-   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+    dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+    doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-   mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
+    mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
-   varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
+    varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
-   first=1;
+    first=1;
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
+    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4></li>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of one-step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4> this page is important in order to visualize confidence intervals and especially correlation between disability and recovery, or more generally, way in and way back. %s</li>\n",optionfilehtmcov,optionfilehtmcov);
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n\
+    fprintf(fichtmcov,"Current page is file <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n",optionfilehtmcov, optionfilehtmcov);
-   file %s<br>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
+    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated \
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated\
  and drawn. It helps understanding how is the covariance between two incidences.\
   They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
+    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
  It can be understood this way: if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2x2) matrix of covariance \
  would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 \
  standard deviations wide on each axis. <br>\
- Line 3775  standard deviations wide on each axis. <
+ Line 6429  standard deviations wide on each axis. <
   and made the appropriate rotation to look at the uncorrelated principal directions.<br>\
  To be simple, these graphs help to understand the significativity of each parameter in relation to a second other one.<br> \n");
-   cov[1]=1;
+    cov[1]=1;
-   /* tj=cptcoveff; */
+    /* tj=cptcoveff; */
-   tj = (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    tj = (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);
-   if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+    if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-   j1=0;
+    j1=0;
-   for(j1=1; j1<=tj;j1++){
+    for(j1=1; j1<=tj;j1++){  /* For each valid combination of covariates or only once*/
-     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){ */
+      if  (cptcovn>0) {
-     /*j1++;*/
+        fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable ");
-       if  (cptcovn>0) {
+        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
-         fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+        fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable ");
-         fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
+        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
+        fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
-         fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
+        fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable ");
+        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
-         fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable ");
+        fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+        fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtabm(j1,z1)]);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");
+        fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+        if(invalidvarcomb[j1]){
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");
+          fprintf(ficgp,"\n#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",j1);
-       }
+          fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h3>Combination (%d) ignored because no cases </h3>\n",j1);
+          continue;
-       gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+        }
-       trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+      }
-       gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+      gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-       gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+      trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+      gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-         cov[2]=age;
+      gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
+      for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-           cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];/* j1 1 2 3 4
+        cov[2]=age;
-                                                          * 1  1 1 1 1
+        if(nagesqr==1)
-                                                          * 2  2 1 1 1
+          cov[3]= age*age;
-                                                          * 3  1 2 1 1
+        for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
-                                                          */
+          cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(j1,k)];
-           /* nbcode[1][1]=0 nbcode[1][2]=1;*/
+          /*cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(j1,Tvar[k])];*//* j1 1 2 3 4
-         }
+                                                                     * 1  1 1 1 1
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
+                                                                     * 2  2 1 1 1
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
+                                                                     * 3  1 2 1 1
-           cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
+                                                                     */
+          /* nbcode[1][1]=0 nbcode[1][2]=1;*/
+        }
-         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
+        /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
-           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
+        for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,k)]*cov[2];
-             xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
+        for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
+          cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtabm(ij,k)]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtabm(ij,k)];
-           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
-           k=0;
+        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
+          for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
-             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+            xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
-               k=k+1;
-               gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
+          pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
-             }
-           }
+          k=0;
+          for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
-           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
+            for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-             xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
+              k=k+1;
+              gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
-           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
+            }
-           k=0;
+          }
-           for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+          for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
-               k=k+1;
+            xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
-               gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
-             }
+          pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
-           }
+          k=0;
+          for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++)
+            for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-             gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];
+              k=k+1;
-         }
+              gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
+            }
-         for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
+          }
-           for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-             trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
+          for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++)
+            gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];
-         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+        }
-         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
-         pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
-         k=0;
-         for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-           for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-             k=k+1;
-             mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
-           }
-         }
-         for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-           for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
-             varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
-         /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
-           for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-           printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-           fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-           }*/
-         fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-           fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
-         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-           fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
-           fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
-         }
-         i=0;
-         for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
-           for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){
-             i++;
-             fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-             fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-             for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
-               /* printf(" k=%d l=%d i=%d j=%d\n",k,l,i,j);fflush(stdout); */
-               fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
-               fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
-             }
-           }
-         }/* end of loop for state */
-       } /* end of loop for age */
-       free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-       free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-       free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-       free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-       /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
-       /*
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
-       */
-       /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
-       first1=1;first2=2;
-       for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
-         for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){
-           if(l2==k2) continue;
-           j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
-           for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
-             for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){
-               if(l1==k1) continue;
-               i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
-               if(i<=j) continue;
-               for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-                 if ((int)age %5==0){
-                   v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-                   v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-                   cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-                   mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
-                   mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
-                   c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
-                   /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
-                   lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
-                   lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
-                   if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
-                     if(first2==1){
-                       first1=0;
-                     printf("Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS. See log file for details...\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);
-                     }
-                     fprintf(ficlog,"Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS.\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);fflush(ficlog);
-                     /* lc1=fabs(lc1); */ /* If we want to have them positive */
-                     /* lc2=fabs(lc2); */
-                   }
-                   /* Eigen vectors */
+        for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
-                   v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
+          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-                   /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
+            trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
-                   v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
-                   v12=-v21;
+        matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-                   v22=v11;
+        matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
-                   tnalp=v21/v11;
-                   if(first1==1){
+        pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
-                     first1=0;
-                     printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+        k=0;
-                   }
+        for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-                   fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+          for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-                   /*printf(fignu*/
+            k=k+1;
-                   /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
+            mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
-                   /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
+          }
-                   if(first==1){
+        }
-                     first=0;
+        for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
+          for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
+            varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240");
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
+        /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
-  :<a href=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">\
+          for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
- %s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
+          printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,\
+          fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+          }*/
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
+        fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+        fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+        fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
+        for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
+          fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
-                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
+        for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-                   }else{
+          fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
-                     first=0;
+          fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
+        }
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
+        i=0;
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+        for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
+          for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){
-                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
+            i++;
-                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
+            fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-                   }/* if first */
+            fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-                 } /* age mod 5 */
+            for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
-               } /* end loop age */
+              /* printf(" k=%d l=%d i=%d j=%d\n",k,l,i,j);fflush(stdout); */
-               fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+              fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
-               first=1;
+              fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
-             } /*l12 */
+            }
-           } /* k12 */
+          }
-         } /*l1 */
+        }/* end of loop for state */
-       }/* k1 */
+      } /* end of loop for age */
-       /* } /* loop covariates */
+      free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-   }
+      free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-   free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+      free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-   free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
+      free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+      /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
-   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
+      /*
-   fclose(ficresprob);
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label");
-   fclose(ficresprobcov);
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
-   fclose(ficresprobcor);
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
-   fflush(ficgp);
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
-   fflush(fichtmcov);
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
- }
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
+      */
+      /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
+      first1=1;first2=2;
+      for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
+        for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){
+          if(l2==k2) continue;
+          j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
+          for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
+            for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){
+              if(l1==k1) continue;
+              i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
+              if(i<=j) continue;
+              for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+                if ((int)age %5==0){
+                  v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
+                  v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
+                  cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
+                  mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
+                  mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
+                  c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
+                  /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
+                  lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
+                  lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
+                  if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
+                    if(first2==1){
+                      first1=0;
+                      printf("Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS. See log file for details...\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);
+                    }
+                    fprintf(ficlog,"Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS.\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);fflush(ficlog);
+                    /* lc1=fabs(lc1); */ /* If we want to have them positive */
+                    /* lc2=fabs(lc2); */
+                  }
+                  /* Eigen vectors */
+                  v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
+                  /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
+                  v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
+                  v12=-v21;
+                  v22=v11;
+                  tnalp=v21/v11;
+                  if(first1==1){
+                    first1=0;
+                    printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+                  }
+                  fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+                  /*printf(fignu*/
+                  /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
+                  /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
+                  if(first==1){
+                    first=0;
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Ellipsoids of confidence\n#\n");
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter svg size 640, 480");
+                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<p><br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
+  :<a href=\"%s_%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.svg\">                                                                                                                                           \
+ %s_%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.svg</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
+                            subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"VARPIJGR_"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,      \
+                            subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"VARPIJGR_"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s_%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.svg\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"VARPIJGR_"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.svg\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"VARPIJGR_"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",      \
+                            mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(fabs(lc2)),   \
+                            mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(fabs(lc2))); /* For gnuplot only */
+                  }else{
+                    first=0;
+                    fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not", \
+                            mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(fabs(lc2)),   \
+                            mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(fabs(lc2)));
+                  }/* if first */
+                } /* age mod 5 */
+              } /* end loop age */
+              fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out;\nset out \"%s_%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.svg\";replot;set out;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"VARPIJGR_"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+              first=1;
+            } /*l12 */
+          } /* k12 */
+        } /*l1 */
+      }/* k1 */
+    }  /* loop on combination of covariates j1 */
+    free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+    free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
+    free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+    free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
+    fclose(ficresprob);
+    fclose(ficresprobcov);
+    fclose(ficresprobcor);
+    fflush(ficgp);
+    fflush(fichtmcov);
+  }
  /******************* Printing html file ***********/
- void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
+ void printinghtml(char fileresu[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
                    int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
                    int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
-                   int popforecast, int estepm ,\
+                   int popforecast, int mobilav, int prevfcast, int mobilavproj, int backcast, int estepm , \
-                   double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
+                   double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, double dateprev1, double dateproj1, double dateback1, \
-                   double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
+                   double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2, double dateprev2, double dateproj2, double dateback2){
-   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
+   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt, k4, nres;
     fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><a href='#firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a>\n \
     <li><a href='#secondorder'>Result files (second order (variance)</a>\n \
  </ul>");
-    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n \
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li> model=1+age+%s\n \
-  - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n ",
+ </ul>", model);
-            jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirf2(fileres,"p"),subdirf2(fileres,"p"));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n");
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<li>- Observed frequency between two states (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> (html file)<br/>\n",
+            jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirfext3(optionfilefiname,"PHTMFR_",".htm"),subdirfext3(optionfilefiname,"PHTMFR_",".htm"));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<li> - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> (html file) ",
+            jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirfext3(optionfilefiname,"PHTM_",".htm"),subdirfext3(optionfilefiname,"PHTM_",".htm"));
+    fprintf(fichtm,",  <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> (text file) <br>\n",subdirf2(fileresu,"P_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"P_"));
     fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
-            stepm,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
+            stepm,subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJ_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJ_"));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
+  - Estimated back transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
+            stepm,subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJB_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJB_"));
     fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Period (stable) prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-            subdirf2(fileres,"pl"),subdirf2(fileres,"pl"));
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"PL_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PL_"));
     fprintf(fichtm,"\
-  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, ei. (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age, eij . If one or more covariates are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
+  - Period (stable) back prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"PLB_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PLB_"));
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),subdirf2(fileres,"e"));
     fprintf(fichtm,"\
-  - Population projections by age and states: \
+  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, e<sub>i.</sub> (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age, e<sub>ij</sub> . If one or more covariates are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileres,"f"),subdirf2(fileres,"f"));
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileresu,"E_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"E_"));
+    if(prevfcast==1){
+      fprintf(fichtm,"\
+  - Prevalence projections by age and states:                            \
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileresu,"F_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"F_"));
+    }
+    m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
- fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
+    fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
-  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    jj1=0;
-  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-  jj1=0;
+    fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul>");
-  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
+    for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
-    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+    for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){ /* For each combination of covariate */
+      if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+        continue;
       jj1++;
       if (cptcovn > 0) {
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><a  size=\"1\" color=\"#EC5E5E\" href=\"#rescov");
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"_V%d=%d_",Tvresult[nres][cpt],(int)Tresult[nres][cpt]);
+        }
+        for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+          fprintf(fichtm,"_V%d=%f_",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+        }
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\">");
+        /* if(nqfveff+nqtveff 0) */ /* Test to be done */
+        fprintf(fichtm,"************ Results for covariates");
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++){
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvresult[nres][cpt],(int)Tresult[nres][cpt]);
+        }
+        for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+        }
+        if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+          fprintf(fichtm," Warning Combination (%d) ignored because no cases ",k1);
+          continue;
+        }
+        fprintf(fichtm,"</a></li>");
+      } /* cptcovn >0 */
+    }
+      fprintf(fichtm," \n</ul>");
+    jj1=0;
+    for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
+    for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){ /* For each combination of covariate */
+      if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+        continue;
+      /* for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){ */
+      jj1++;
+      if (cptcovn > 0) {
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<p><a name=\"rescov");
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"_V%d=%d_",Tvresult[nres][cpt],(int)Tresult[nres][cpt]);
+        }
+        for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+          fprintf(fichtm,"_V%d=%f_",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+        }
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\"</a>");
         fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
-        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++){
-          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvresult[nres][cpt],(int)Tresult[nres][cpt]);
+          printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvresult[nres][cpt],Tresult[nres][cpt]);fflush(stdout);
+          /* fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtabm(jj1,cpt)]); */
+          /* printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtabm(jj1,cpt)]);fflush(stdout); */
+        }
+        for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);fflush(stdout);
+       }
+        /* if(nqfveff+nqtveff 0) */ /* Test to be done */
         fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+        if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"\n<h3>Combination (%d) ignored because no cases </h3>\n",k1);
+          printf("\nCombination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+          continue;
+        }
       }
+      /* aij, bij */
+      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Logit model (yours is: logit(pij)=log(pij/pii)= aij+ bij age+%s) as a function of age: <a href=\"%s_%d-1-%d.svg\">%s_%d-1-%d.svg</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-1-%d.svg\">",model,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres);
       /* Pij */
-      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s%d_1.png\">%s%d_1.png</a><br> \
+      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- P<sub>ij</sub> or conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s_%d-2-%d.svg\">%s_%d-2-%d.svg</a><br> \
- <img src=\"%s%d_1.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-2-%d.svg\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres);
       /* Quasi-incidences */
-      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
+      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- I<sub>ij</sub> or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
-  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: <a href=\"%s%d_2.png\">%s%d_2.png</a><br> \
+  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too, \
- <img src=\"%s%d_2.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
+  incidence (rates) are the limit when h tends to zero of the ratio of the probability  <sub>h</sub>P<sub>ij</sub> \
-        /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
+ divided by h: <sub>h</sub>P<sub>ij</sub>/h : <a href=\"%s_%d-3-%d.svg\">%s_%d-3-%d.svg</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-3-%d.svg\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,nres);
+      /* Survival functions (period) in state j */
+      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Survival functions in state %d. Or probability to survive in state %d being in state (1 to %d) at different ages. <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", cpt, cpt, nlstate, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJ_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJ_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJ_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+      }
+      /* State specific survival functions (period) */
+      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Survival functions from state %d in each live state and total.\
+  Or probability to survive in various states (1 to %d) being in state %d at different ages.     \
+  <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d%d-%d.svg</a><br> <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", cpt, nlstate, cpt, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJT_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJT_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJT_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+      }
+      /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
+      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Convergence to period (stable) prevalence in state %d. Or probability for a person being in state (1 to %d) at different ages, to be in state %d some years after. <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", cpt, nlstate, cpt, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"P_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"P_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"P_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+      }
+      if(backcast==1){
+        /* Period (stable) back prevalence in each health state */
         for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
-          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Convergence from each state (1 to %d) to period (stable) prevalence in state %d <a href=\"%s%d_%d.png\">%s%d_%d.png</a><br> \
+          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Convergence to mixed (stable) back prevalence in state %d. Or probability for a person to be in state %d at a younger age, knowing that she/he was in state (1 to %d) at different older ages. <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a><br> \
- <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">",nlstate, cpt, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1);
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", cpt, cpt, nlstate, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PB_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PB_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PB_"),cpt,k1,nres);
         }
+      }
+      if(prevfcast==1){
+        /* Projection of prevalence up to period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
+        for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Projection of cross-sectional prevalence (estimated with cases observed from %.1f to %.1f and mobil_average=%d), from year %.1f up to year %.1f tending to period (stable) prevalence in state %d. Or probability to be in state %d being in an observed weighted state (from 1 to %d). <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a><br> \
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, dateproj1, dateproj2, cpt, cpt, nlstate, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJ_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJ_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJ_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+        }
+      }
+      if(backcast==1){
+       /* Back projection of prevalence up to stable (mixed) back-prevalence in each health state */
+        for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>\n- Back projection of cross-sectional prevalence (estimated with cases observed from %.1f to %.1f and mobil_average=%d), \
+  from year %.1f up to year %.1f (probably close to stable [mixed] back prevalence in state %d (randomness in cross-sectional prevalence is not taken into \
+  account but can visually be appreciated). Or probability to have been in an state %d, knowing that the person was in either state (1 or %d) \
+ with weights corresponding to observed prevalence at different ages. <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a><br> \
+  <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">", dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, dateback1, dateback2, cpt, cpt, nlstate, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJB_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJB_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJB_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+        }
+      }
       for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies in each alive state (1 to %d) : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a> <br> \
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies in each alive state (1 to %d) (or area under each survival functions): <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a> <br> \
- <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,nlstate,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1);
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">",cpt,nlstate,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"EXP_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"EXP_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"EXP_"),cpt,k1,nres);
       }
-    } /* end i1 */
+      /* } /\* end i1 *\/ */
-  }/* End k1 */
+    }/* End k1 */
-  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+    fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
  \n<br><li><h4> <a name='secondorder'>Result files (second order: variances)</a></h4>\n\
-  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n", rfileres,rfileres);
+  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br> \
+  - 95%% confidence intervals and Wald tests of the estimated parameters are in the log file if optimization has been done (mle != 0).<br> \
+ But because parameters are usually highly correlated (a higher incidence of disability \
+ and a higher incidence of recovery can give very close observed transition) it might \
+ be very useful to look not only at linear confidence intervals estimated from the \
+ variances but at the covariance matrix. And instead of looking at the estimated coefficients \
+ (parameters) of the logistic regression, it might be more meaningful to visualize the \
+ covariance matrix of the one-step probabilities. \
+ See page 'Matrix of variance-covariance of one-step probabilities' below. \n", rfileres,rfileres);
-  fprintf(fichtm," - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+    fprintf(fichtm," - Standard deviation of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-          subdirf2(fileres,"prob"),subdirf2(fileres,"prob"));
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"PROB_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PROB_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-          subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"));
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"PROBCOV_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PROBCOV_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-          subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"));
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"PROBCOR_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"PROBCOR_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age and <b>initial health status</b> (cov(e<sup>ij</sup>,e<sup>kl</sup>)(estepm=%2d months): \
     <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"cve"),subdirf2(fileres,"cve"));
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileresu,"CVE_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"CVE_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - (a) Health expectancies by health status at initial age (e<sup>ij</sup>) and standard errors (in parentheses) (b) life expectancies and standard errors (e<sup>i.</sup>=e<sup>i1</sup>+e<sup>i2</sup>+...)(estepm=%2d months): \
     <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"stde"),subdirf2(fileres,"stde"));
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileresu,"STDE_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"STDE_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age. Status (i) based health expectancies (in state j), e<sup>ij</sup> are weighted by the period prevalences in each state i (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",
-          estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"v"),subdirf2(fileres,"v"));
+            estepm, subdirf2(fileresu,"V_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"V_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Total life expectancy and total health expectancies to be spent in each health state e<sup>.j</sup> with their standard errors (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-          estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"t"),subdirf2(fileres,"t"));
+            estepm, subdirf2(fileresu,"T_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"T_"));
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
   - Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",\
-          subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"));
+            subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"),subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"));
  /*  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n */
  /*  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n */
- Line 4119  fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b>
+ Line 6905  fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b>
  /*      <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres); */
  /*  else  */
  /*    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model); */
-  fflush(fichtm);
+    fflush(fichtm);
-  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
+    fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
+    m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    jj1=0;
-  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-  jj1=0;
+    for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
-  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
+    for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
-    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+      if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+        continue;
+      /* for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){ */
       jj1++;
       if (cptcovn > 0) {
         fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
-        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)  /**< cptcoveff number of variables */
-          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvresult[nres][cpt],Tresult[nres][cpt]);
+          /* fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtabm(jj1,cpt)]); */
+        for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+       }
         fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+        if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+          fprintf(fichtm,"\n<h4>Combination (%d) ignored because no cases </h4>\n",k1);
+          continue;
+        }
       }
       for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
-        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed (cross-sectional) and period (incidence based) \
+        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Observed (cross-sectional with mov_average=%d) and period (incidence based) \
- prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): %s%d_%d.png <br>\
+ prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): <a href=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\"> %s_%d-%d-%d.svg</a>\n <br>\
- <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1);
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\">",mobilav,cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"V_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"V_"),cpt,k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"V_"),cpt,k1,nres);
       }
       fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and \
  health expectancies in states (1) and (2). If popbased=1 the smooth (due to the model) \
  true period expectancies (those weighted with period prevalences are also\
   drawn in addition to the population based expectancies computed using\
-  observed and cahotic prevalences: %s%d.png<br>\
+  observed and cahotic prevalences:  <a href=\"%s_%d-%d.svg\">%s_%d-%d.svg</a>\n<br>\
- <img src=\"%s%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1);
+ <img src=\"%s_%d-%d.svg\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"E_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"E_"),k1,nres,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"E_"),k1,nres);
-    } /* end i1 */
+      /* } /\* end i1 *\/ */
-  }/* End k1 */
+    }/* End k1 */
-  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+   }/* End nres */
-  fflush(fichtm);
+    fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+    fflush(fichtm);
  }
  /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
- void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
+ void printinggnuplot(char fileresu[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double bage, double fage , int prevfcast, int backcast, char pathc[], double p[], int offyear, int offbyear){
    char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
-   int m0,cpt=0,k1=0,i=0,k=0,j=0,jk=0,k2=0,k3=0,ij=0,l=0;
+   char gplotcondition[132], gplotlabel[132];
+   int cpt=0,k1=0,i=0,k=0,j=0,jk=0,k2=0,k3=0,k4=0,ij=0, ijp=0, l=0;
+   int lv=0, vlv=0, kl=0;
    int ng=0;
+   int vpopbased;
+   int ioffset; /* variable offset for columns */
+   int iyearc=1; /* variable column for year of projection  */
+   int iagec=1; /* variable column for age of projection  */
+   int nres=0; /* Index of resultline */
+   int istart=1; /* For starting graphs in projections */
  /*   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) { */
  /*     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
  /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
- Line 4165  void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], cha
+ Line 6975  void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], cha
    /*#ifdef windows */
    fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
-     /*#endif */
+   /*#endif */
    m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   /* diagram of the model */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#Diagram of the model \n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\ndelta=0.03;delta2=0.07;unset arrow;\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"yoff=(%d > 2? 0:1);\n",nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#Peripheral arrows\nset for [i=1:%d] for [j=1:%d] arrow i*10+j from cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(i-1)*2./%d))-(i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0), yoff +sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(i-1)*2./%d)) + (i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0) rto -0.95*(cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(i-1)*2./%d))+(i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0) - cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(j-1)*2./%d)) + (i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta2:0)), -0.95*(sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(i-1)*2./%d)) + (i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0) - sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(j-1)*2./%d))+( i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta2:0)) ls (i < j? 1:2)\n",nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#Centripete arrows (turning in other direction (1-i) instead of (i-1)) \nset for [i=1:%d] arrow (%d+1)*10+i from cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(1-i)*2./%d))-(i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0), yoff +sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(1-i)*2./%d)) + (i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0) rto -0.80*(cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(1-i)*2./%d))+(i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0)  ), -0.80*(sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(1-i)*2./%d)) + (i!=j?(i-j)/abs(i-j)*delta:0) + yoff ) ls 4\n",nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#show arrow\nunset label\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#States labels, starting from 2 (2-i) instead of (1-i), was (i-1)\nset for [i=1:%d] label i sprintf(\"State %%d\",i) center at cos(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(2-i)*2./%d)), yoff+sin(pi*((1-(%d/2)*2./%d)/2+(2-i)*2./%d)) font \"helvetica, 16\" tc rgbcolor \"blue\"\n",nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label %d+1 sprintf(\"State %%d\",%d+1) center at 0.,0.  font \"helvetica, 16\" tc rgbcolor \"red\"\n",nlstate,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n#show label\nunset border;unset xtics; unset ytics;\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n\nset ter svg size 640, 480;set out \"%s_.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"D_"));
+   fprintf(ficgp,"unset log y; plot [-1.2:1.2][yoff-1.2:1.2] 1/0 not; set out;reset;\n");
+   /* Contribution to likelihood */
+   /* Plot the probability implied in the likelihood */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Contributions to the Likelihood, mle >=1. For mle=4 no interpolation, pure matrix products.\n#\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Likelihood (-2Log(L))\";");
+   /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter svg size 640, 480"); */ /* Too big for svg */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter pngcairo size 640, 480");
+ /* nice for mle=4 plot by number of matrix products.
+    replot  "rrtest1/toto.txt" u 2:($4 == 1 && $5==2 ? $9 : 1/0):5 t "p12" with point lc 1 */
+ /* replot exp(p1+p2*x)/(1+exp(p1+p2*x)+exp(p3+p4*x)+exp(p5+p6*x)) t "p12(x)"  */
+   /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s.svg\";",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_")); */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s-dest.png\";",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"));
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;plot  \"%s\" u 2:(-$13):6 t \"All sample, transitions colored by destination\" with dots lc variable; set out;\n",subdirf(fileresilk));
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s-ori.png\";",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"));
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;plot  \"%s\" u 2:(-$13):5 t \"All sample, transitions colored by origin\" with dots lc variable; set out;\n\n",subdirf(fileresilk));
+   for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s-p%dj.png\";set ylabel \"Probability for each individual/wave\";",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_"),i);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"unset log;\n# plot weighted, mean weight should have point size of 0.5\n plot  \"%s\"",subdirf(fileresilk));
+     fprintf(ficgp,"  u  2:($5 == %d && $6==%d ? $10 : 1/0):($12/4.):6 t \"p%d%d\" with points pointtype 7 ps variable lc variable \\\n",i,1,i,1);
+     for (j=2; j<= nlstate+ndeath ; j ++) {
+       fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n \"\" u  2:($5 == %d && $6==%d ? $10 : 1/0):($12/4.):6 t \"p%d%d\" with points pointtype 7 ps variable lc variable ",i,j,i,j);
+     }
+     fprintf(ficgp,";\nset out; unset ylabel;\n");
+   }
+   /* unset log; plot  "rrtest1_sorted_4/ILK_rrtest1_sorted_4.txt" u  2:($4 == 1 && $5==2 ? $9 : 1/0):5 t "p12" with points lc variable */
+   /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;plot  \"%s\" u 2:(-$11):3 t \"All sample, all transitions\" with dots lc variable",subdirf(fileresilk)); */
+   /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot  \"%s\" u 2:($3 <= 3 ? -$11 : 1/0):3 t \"First 3 individuals\" with line lc variable", subdirf(fileresilk)); */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out;unset log\n");
+   /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s.svg\"; replot; set out; # bug gnuplot",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"ILK_")); */
    strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
    strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
-  /* 1eme*/
+   /* 1eme*/
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 1st: Period (stable) prevalence with CI: 'vpl' files\n");
+   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++){ /* For each live state */
-   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++){ /* For each valid combination of covariate */
-     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* plot [100000000000000000000:-100000000000000000000] "mysbiaspar/vplrmysbiaspar.txt to check */
+       for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,k1);
+         /* plot [100000000000000000000:-100000000000000000000] "mysbiaspar/vplrmysbiaspar.txt to check */
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"v%s%d_%d.png\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1);
+         if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
-      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \n\
+           continue;
- set ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
+         /* We are interested in selected combination by the resultline */
- set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
+         /* printf("\n# 1st: Period (stable) prevalence with CI: 'VPL_' files and live state =%d ", cpt); */
- plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 1st: Period (stable) prevalence with CI: 'VPL_' files  and live state =%d ", cpt);
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate k get corresponding value lv for combination k1 */
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the value of the covariate corresponding to k1 combination */
-        else        fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
-      }
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 0,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]; /* vlv is the value of the covariate lv, 0 or 1 */
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+           /* For each combination of covariate k1 (V1=1, V3=0), we printed the current covariate k and its value vlv */
-        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+           /* printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv); */
-      }
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+         }
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
-        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+           /* printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]); */
-      }
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l lt 2",subdirf2(fileres,"p"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
-    }
+         }
-   }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
-   /*2 eme*/
+         /* printf("\n#\n"); */
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 2nd: Total life expectancy with CI: 't' files\n");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
-     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),k1);
+           /*k1=k1-1;*/ /* To be checked */
-     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small size 320, 240\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
-     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
+         }
-       k=2*i;
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"V_"),cpt,k1,nres);
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"V_%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1,nres);
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+         /* fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel); */
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set title \"Alive state %d %s\" font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
-       }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter svg size 640, 480\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3:1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
-       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
+         /* fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter svg size 640, 480\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3:1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"),k1-1,k1-1,nres); */
-       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
+       /* k1-1 error should be nres-1*/
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+           if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+           else        fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+         }
-       }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 0,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3+1.96*$4 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+           if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+           else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+         }
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95%% CI\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3-1.96*$4 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"VPL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
-       }
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0");
+           if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
-       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
+           else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
-     }
+         }
-   }
+         /* fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence\" w l lt 2",subdirf2(fileresu,"P_"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1)); */
-   /*3eme*/
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" u 1:((",subdirf2(fileresu,"P_"));
+         if(cptcoveff ==0){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"$%d)) t 'Observed prevalence in state %d' with line lt 3",      2+3*(cpt-1),  cpt );
+         }else{
+           kl=0;
+           for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each combination of covariate  */
+             lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to k1 combination and kth covariate */
+             /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+             /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+             /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+             vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+             kl++;
+             /* kl=6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1); /\* 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1)=7, 6+(2-1)(2+1)+1+(1-1)=10 *\/ */
+             /*6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /*6+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /* ''  u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0 && $3==2 && $4==0)? $9/(1.-$15) : 1/0):($5==2000? 3:2) t 'p.1' with line lc variable*/
+             if(k==cptcoveff){
+               fprintf(ficgp,"$%d==%d && $%d==%d)? $%d : 1/0) t 'Observed prevalence in state %d' w l lt 2",kl+1, Tvaraff[k],kl+1+1,nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv], \
++cptcoveff*2+3*(cpt-1),  cpt );  /* 4 or 6 ?*/
+             }else{
+               fprintf(ficgp,"$%d==%d && $%d==%d && ",kl+1, Tvaraff[k],kl+1+1,nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]);
+               kl++;
+             }
+           } /* end covariate */
+         } /* end if no covariate */
+         if(backcast==1){ /* We need to get the corresponding values of the covariates involved in this combination k1 */
+           /* fprintf(ficgp,",\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Backward stable prevalence\" w l lt 3",subdirf2(fileresu,"PLB_"),k1-1,k1-1,1+cpt); */
+           fprintf(ficgp,",\"%s\" u 1:((",subdirf2(fileresu,"PLB_")); /* Age is in 1, nres in 2 to be fixed */
+           if(cptcoveff ==0){
+             fprintf(ficgp,"$%d)) t 'Backward prevalence in state %d' with line lt 3",    2+(cpt-1),  cpt );
+           }else{
+             kl=0;
+             for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each combination of covariate  */
+               lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to k1 combination and kth covariate */
+               /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+               vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+               kl++;
+               /* kl=6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1); /\* 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1)=7, 6+(2-1)(2+1)+1+(1-1)=10 *\/ */
+               /*6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+               /*6+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+               /* ''  u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0 && $3==2 && $4==0)? $9/(1.-$15) : 1/0):($5==2000? 3:2) t 'p.1' with line lc variable*/
+               if(k==cptcoveff){
+                 fprintf(ficgp,"$%d==%d && $%d==%d)? $%d : 1/0) t 'Backward prevalence in state %d' w l lt 3",kl+1, Tvaraff[k],kl+1+1,nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv], \
++cptcoveff*2+(cpt-1),  cpt );  /* 4 or 6 ?*/
+               }else{
+                 fprintf(ficgp,"$%d==%d && $%d==%d && ",kl+1, Tvaraff[k],kl+1+1,nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]);
+                 kl++;
+               }
+             } /* end covariate */
+           } /* end if no covariate */
+           if(backcast == 1){
+             fprintf(ficgp,", \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3:1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"VBL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
+             /* k1-1 error should be nres-1*/
+             for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+               if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+               else        fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+             }
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Backward (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 6 dt 3,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3+1.96*$4 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"VBL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
+             for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+               if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+               else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+             }
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95%% CI\" w l lt 4,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d ? $3-1.96*$4 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"VBL_"),nres-1,nres-1,nres);
+             for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+               if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+               else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+             }
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 4");
+           } /* end if backprojcast */
+         } /* end if backcast */
+         /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out ;unset label;\n"); */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out ;unset title;\n");
+       } /* nres */
+     } /* k1 */
+   } /* cpt */
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
+   /*2 eme*/
-     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++){
-       /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
-       k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,k1);
+         continue;
-       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 2nd: Total life expectancy with CI: 't' files ");
- plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
+       strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
-       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
-         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+         lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
+         /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
-         fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+         /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
-         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+         /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
+         vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+       }
+       /* for(k=1; k <= ncovds; k++){ */
+       for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+       }
+       strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+       if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+         fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+         continue;
+       }
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"E_"),k1,nres);
+       for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"popbased %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",vpopbased,gplotlabel);
+         if(vpopbased==0){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter svg size 640, 480\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
+         }else
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot ");
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
+           k=2*i;
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d && $4!=0 ?$4 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"T_"),nres-1,nres-1, vpopbased);
+           for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+             if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+             else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+           }
+           if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l lt %d, \\\n",i);
+           else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l lt %d, \\\n",i-1,i+1);
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d && $4!=0 ? $4-$5*2 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"T_"),nres-1,nres-1,vpopbased);
+           for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+             if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+             else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+           }
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2==%d && $4!=0 ? $4+$5*2 : 1/0) \"%%lf %%lf %%lf",subdirf2(fileresu,"T_"),nres-1,nres-1,vpopbased);
+           for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+             if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
+             else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
+           }
+           if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0");
+           else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,\\\n");
+         } /* state */
+       } /* vpopbased */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out;set out \"%s_%d-%d.svg\"; replot; set out; unset label;\n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"E_"),k1,nres); /* Buggy gnuplot */
+     } /* end nres */
+   } /* k1 end 2 eme*/
-       */
-       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
-         fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
-         /*      fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
-       }
+   /*3eme*/
-       fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++){
-     }
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
-   }
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
-   /* CV preval stable (period) */
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* For each multivariate if any */
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
-     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n\n# 3d: Life expectancy with EXP_ files:  combination=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
-       k=3;
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#CV preval stable (period): 'pij' files, cov=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,k1);
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
+         k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"EXP_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"%s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set ter svg size 640, 480\n\
+ plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileresu,"E_"),nres-1,nres-1,k,cpt);
+         /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+           for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
+           fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+           for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
+         */
+         for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
+           fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileresu,"E_"),nres-1,nres-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
+           /*    fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileresu,"E_"),nres-1,nres-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset label;\n");
+     } /* end nres */
+   } /* end kl 3eme */
+   /* 4eme */
+   /* Survival functions (period) from state i in state j by initial state i */
+   for (k1=1; k1<=m; k1++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state cpt*/
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n# Survival functions in state j : 'LIJ_' files, cov=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJ_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability to be alive\" \n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+         k=3;
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){
+           if(i==1){
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJ_"));
+           }else{
+             fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
+           }
+           l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1;
+           fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l);
+           for (j=2; j<= nlstate+ndeath ; j ++)
+             fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j-1);
+           fprintf(ficgp,")) t \"l(%d,%d)\" w l",i,cpt);
+         } /* nlstate */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
+       } /* end cpt state*/
+     } /* end nres */
+   } /* end covariate k1 */
+ /* 5eme */
+   /* Survival functions (period) from state i in state j by final state j */
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1++){ /* For each covariate combination if any */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each inital state  */
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n# Survival functions in state j and all livestates from state i by final state j: 'lij' files, cov=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"LIJT_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability to be alive\" \n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+         k=3;
+         for (j=1; j<= nlstate ; j ++){ /* Lived in state j */
+           if(j==1)
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJ_"));
+           else
+             fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
+           l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(cpt-1) +j;
+           fprintf(ficgp," u (($1==%d && (floor($2)%%5 == 0)) ? ($3):1/0):($%d",k1,k+l);
+           /* for (i=2; i<= nlstate+ndeath ; i ++) */
+           /*   fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+i-1); */
+           fprintf(ficgp,") t \"l(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,j);
+         } /* nlstate */
+         fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
+         fprintf(ficgp," u (($1==%d && (floor($2)%%5 == 0)) ? ($3):1/0):(",k1);
+         for (j=1; j<= nlstate ; j ++){ /* Lived in state j */
+           l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(cpt-1) +j;
+           if(j < nlstate)
+             fprintf(ficgp,"$%d +",k+l);
+           else
+             fprintf(ficgp,"$%d) t\"l(%d,.)\" w l",k+l,cpt);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
+       } /* end cpt state*/
+     } /* end covariate */
+   } /* end nres */
+ /* 6eme */
+   /* CV preval stable (period) for each covariate */
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) /* For each covariate combination if any */
+   for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+     if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+       continue;
+     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state of arrival */
+       strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#CV preval stable (period): 'pij' files, covariatecombination#=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
+         lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
+         /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+         /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+         /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+         vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+       }
+       for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+       }
+       strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+       if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+         fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+         continue;
+       }
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"P_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+       fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
        fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
- set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
- unset log y\n\
+       k=3; /* Offset */
- plot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){ /* State of origin */
-       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){
          if(i==1)
-           fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJ_"));
          else
            fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
-         l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1;
+         l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1; /* 1, 1+ nlstate+ndeath, 1+2*(nlstate+ndeath) */
          fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l);
-         for (j=1; j<= (nlstate-1) ; j ++)
+         for (j=2; j<= nlstate ; j ++)
-           fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j);
+           fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j-1);
          fprintf(ficgp,")) t \"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",i,cpt);
        } /* nlstate */
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
      } /* end cpt state*/
    } /* end covariate */
-   /* proba elementaires */
+ /* 7eme */
+   if(backcast == 1){
+     /* CV back preval stable (period) for each covariate */
+     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) /* For each covariate combination if any */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life origin state */
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#CV Back preval stable (period): 'pijb' files, covariatecombination#=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate and each value */
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate number corresponding to k1 combination */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PB_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Origin alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+         k=3; /* Offset */
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){ /* State of arrival */
+           if(i==1)
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"PIJB_"));
+           else
+             fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
+           /* l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1; */
+           l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(cpt-1)+1; /* fixed for i; cpt=1 1, cpt=2 1+ nlstate+ndeath, 1+2*(nlstate+ndeath) */
+           /* fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l); /\* a vérifier *\/ */
+           /* fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l+(cpt-1)+i-1); /\* a vérifier *\/ */
+           fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d",k1,k+l+i-1); /* To be verified */
+           /* for (j=2; j<= nlstate ; j ++) */
+           /*    fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j-1); */
+           /*    /\* fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j-1); *\/ */
+           fprintf(ficgp,") t \"bprev(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,i);
+         } /* nlstate */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
+       } /* end cpt state*/
+     } /* end covariate */
+   } /* End if backcast */
+   /* 8eme */
+   if(prevfcast==1){
+     /* Projection from cross-sectional to stable (period) for each covariate */
+     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) /* For each covariate combination if any */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state */
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#Projection of prevalence to stable (period): 'PROJ_' files, covariatecombination#=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each correspondig covariate value  */
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to k1 combination and kth covariate */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"# hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev\n ");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJ_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Prevalence\" \n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+         /* for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++){  /\* nlstate +1 p11 p21 p.1 *\/ */
+         istart=nlstate+1; /* Could be one if by state, but nlstate+1 is w.i projection only */
+         /*istart=1;*/ /* Could be one if by state, but nlstate+1 is w.i projection only */
+         for (i=istart; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++){  /* nlstate +1 p11 p21 p.1 */
+           /*#  V1  = 1  V2 =  0 yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+           /*#   1    2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+           /*# yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+           /*#   1       2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+           if(i==istart){
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"F_"));
+           }else{
+             fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+           }
+           if(cptcoveff ==0){ /* No covariate */
+             ioffset=2; /* Age is in 2 */
+             /*# yearproj age p11 p21 p31 p.1 p12 p22 p32 p.2 p13 p23 p33 p.3 p14 p24 p34 p.4*/
+             /*#   1       2   3   4   5  6    7  8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18 */
+             /*# V1  = 1 yearproj age p11 p21 p31 p.1 p12 p22 p32 p.2 p13 p23 p33 p.3 p14 p24 p34 p.4*/
+             /*#  1    2        3   4   5  6    7  8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18 */
+             fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(", ioffset);
+             if(i==nlstate+1){
+               fprintf(ficgp," $%d/(1.-$%d)):1 t 'pw.%d' with line lc variable ",        \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,cpt );
+               fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+               fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",ioffset);
+               fprintf(ficgp," (($1-$2) == %d ) ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0):1 with labels center not ", \
+                      offyear,                           \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate );
+             }else
+               fprintf(ficgp," $%d/(1.-$%d)) t 'p%d%d' with line ",      \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,i,cpt );
+           }else{ /* more than 2 covariates */
+             ioffset=2*cptcoveff+2; /* Age is in 4 or 6 or etc.*/
+             /*#  V1  = 1  V2 =  0 yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+             /*#   1    2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+             iyearc=ioffset-1;
+             iagec=ioffset;
+             fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",ioffset);
+             kl=0;
+             strcpy(gplotcondition,"(");
+             for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate writing the chain of conditions */
+               lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to combination k1 and covariate k */
+               /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+               vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]; /* Value of the modality of Tvaraff[k] */
+               kl++;
+               sprintf(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition),"$%d==%d && $%d==%d " ,kl,Tvaraff[k], kl+1, nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]);
+               kl++;
+               if(k <cptcoveff && cptcoveff>1)
+                 sprintf(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition)," && ");
+             }
+             strcpy(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition),")");
+             /* kl=6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1); /\* 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1)=7, 6+(2-1)(2+1)+1+(1-1)=10 *\/ */
+             /*6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /*6+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /* ''  u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0 && $3==2 && $4==0)? $9/(1.-$15) : 1/0):($5==2000? 3:2) t 'p.1' with line lc variable*/
+             if(i==nlstate+1){
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0):%d t 'p.%d' with line lc variable", gplotcondition, \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,iyearc, cpt );
+               fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+               fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",iagec);
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s && (($%d-$%d) == %d ) ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0):%d with labels center not ", gplotcondition, \
+                       iyearc, iagec, offyear,                           \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate, iyearc );
+ /*  '' u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0  && $3==2 && $4==0) && (($5-$6) == 1947) ? $10/(1.-$22) : 1/0):5 with labels center boxed not*/
+             }else{
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0) t 'p%d%d' with line ", gplotcondition, \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1), ioffset +1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,i,cpt );
+             }
+           } /* end if covariate */
+         } /* nlstate */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
+       } /* end cpt state*/
+     } /* end covariate */
+   } /* End if prevfcast */
+   if(backcast==1){
+     /* Back projection from cross-sectional to stable (mixed) for each covariate */
+     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) /* For each covariate combination if any */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
+         continue;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state */
+         strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#Back projection of prevalence to stable (mixed) back prevalence: 'BPROJ_' files, covariatecombination#=%d originstate=%d",k1, cpt);
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each correspondig covariate value  */
+           lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to k1 combination and kth covariate */
+           /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+           /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+           vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
+         }
+         for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+           fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+           sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         }
+         strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
+         if(invalidvarcomb[k1]){
+           fprintf(ficgp,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k1);
+           continue;
+         }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"# hbijx=backprobability over h years, hb.jx is weighted by observed prev at destination state\n ");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PROJB_"),cpt,k1,nres);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set label \"Origin alive state %d %s\" at graph 0.98,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",cpt,gplotlabel);
+         fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Prevalence\" \n\
+ set ter svg size 640, 480\nunset log y\nplot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
+         /* for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++){  /\* nlstate +1 p11 p21 p.1 *\/ */
+         istart=nlstate+1; /* Could be one if by state, but nlstate+1 is w.i projection only */
+         /*istart=1;*/ /* Could be one if by state, but nlstate+1 is w.i projection only */
+         for (i=istart; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++){  /* nlstate +1 p11 p21 p.1 */
+           /*#  V1  = 1  V2 =  0 yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+           /*#   1    2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+           /*# yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+           /*#   1       2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+           if(i==istart){
+             fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileresu,"FB_"));
+           }else{
+             fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+           }
+           if(cptcoveff ==0){ /* No covariate */
+             ioffset=2; /* Age is in 2 */
+             /*# yearproj age p11 p21 p31 p.1 p12 p22 p32 p.2 p13 p23 p33 p.3 p14 p24 p34 p.4*/
+             /*#   1       2   3   4   5  6    7  8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18 */
+             /*# V1  = 1 yearproj age p11 p21 p31 p.1 p12 p22 p32 p.2 p13 p23 p33 p.3 p14 p24 p34 p.4*/
+             /*#  1    2        3   4   5  6    7  8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18 */
+             fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(", ioffset);
+             if(i==nlstate+1){
+               fprintf(ficgp," $%d/(1.-$%d)):1 t 'bw%d' with line lc variable ", \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,cpt );
+               fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+               fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",ioffset);
+               fprintf(ficgp," (($1-$2) == %d ) ? $%d : 1/0):1 with labels center not ", \
+                      offbyear,                          \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1) );
+             }else
+               fprintf(ficgp," $%d/(1.-$%d)) t 'b%d%d' with line ",      \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),  ioffset+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate,cpt,i );
+           }else{ /* more than 2 covariates */
+             ioffset=2*cptcoveff+2; /* Age is in 4 or 6 or etc.*/
+             /*#  V1  = 1  V2 =  0 yearproj age p11 p21 p.1 p12 p22 p.2 p13 p23 p.3*/
+             /*#   1    2   3    4    5      6  7   8   9   10   11 12  13   14  15 */
+             iyearc=ioffset-1;
+             iagec=ioffset;
+             fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",ioffset);
+             kl=0;
+             strcpy(gplotcondition,"(");
+             for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each covariate writing the chain of conditions */
+               lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to combination k1 and covariate k */
+               /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
+               /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
+               vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]; /* Value of the modality of Tvaraff[k] */
+               kl++;
+               sprintf(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition),"$%d==%d && $%d==%d " ,kl,Tvaraff[k], kl+1, nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv]);
+               kl++;
+               if(k <cptcoveff && cptcoveff>1)
+                 sprintf(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition)," && ");
+             }
+             strcpy(gplotcondition+strlen(gplotcondition),")");
+             /* kl=6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1); /\* 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1)=7, 6+(2-1)(2+1)+1+(1-1)=10 *\/ */
+             /*6+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+(1-1)*(2+1)+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /*6+1+(i-1)+(nlstate+1)*nlstate; 6+1+(1-1) +(2+1)*2=13 */
+             /* ''  u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0 && $3==2 && $4==0)? $9/(1.-$15) : 1/0):($5==2000? 3:2) t 'p.1' with line lc variable*/
+             if(i==nlstate+1){
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s ? $%d : 1/0):%d t 'bw%d' with line lc variable", gplotcondition, \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1),iyearc,cpt );
+               fprintf(ficgp,",\\\n '' ");
+               fprintf(ficgp," u %d:(",iagec);
+               /* fprintf(ficgp,"%s && (($5-$6) == %d ) ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0):5 with labels center not ", gplotcondition, \ */
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s && (($%d-$%d) == %d ) ? $%d : 1/0):%d with labels center not ", gplotcondition, \
+                       iyearc,iagec,offbyear,                            \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1), iyearc );
+ /*  '' u 6:(($1==1 && $2==0  && $3==2 && $4==0) && (($5-$6) == 1947) ? $10/(1.-$22) : 1/0):5 with labels center boxed not*/
+             }else{
+               /* fprintf(ficgp,"%s ? $%d/(1.-$%d) : 1/0) t 'p%d%d' with line ", gplotcondition, \ */
+               fprintf(ficgp,"%s ? $%d : 1/0) t 'b%d%d' with line ", gplotcondition, \
+                       ioffset+(cpt-1)*(nlstate+1)+1+(i-1), cpt,i );
+             }
+           } /* end if covariate */
+         } /* nlstate */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out; unset label;\n");
+       } /* end cpt state*/
+     } /* end covariate */
+   } /* End if backcast */
+   /* 9eme writing MLE parameters */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n##############\n#9eme MLE estimated parameters\n#############\n");
    for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+     fprintf(ficgp,"# initial state %d\n",i);
      for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
        if (k != i) {
+         fprintf(ficgp,"#   current state %d\n",k);
          for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
-           fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);
+           fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f; ",jk,p[jk]);
            jk++;
-           fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
          }
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
        }
      }
-    }
+   }
+   fprintf(ficgp,"##############\n#\n");
    /*goto avoid;*/
-    for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
+   /* 10eme Graphics of probabilities or incidences using written MLE parameters */
-      for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n##############\n#10eme Graphics of probabilities or incidences\n#############\n");
-        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jk,ng);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p12/p11)=a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age\n");
-        if (ng==2)
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p12/p11)=p1 +p2*age +p3*age*age+ p4*V1+ p5*V1*age\n");
-          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p13/p11)=a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age\n");
-        else
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p13/p11)=p6 +p7*age +p8*age*age+ p9*V1+ p10*V1*age\n");
-          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# p12+p13+p14+p11=1=p11(1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
-        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#                      +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age)+...)\n");
-        i=1;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# p11=1/(1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
-        for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#                      +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age)+...)\n");
-          k3=i;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"# p12=exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)/\n");
-          for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#     (1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
-            if (k != k2){
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#       +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age))\n");
-              if(ng==2)
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#       +exp(a14+b14*age+c14age*age+d14*V1+e14*V1*age)+...)\n");
-                fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
+   fprintf(ficgp,"#\n");
-              else
+   for(ng=1; ng<=3;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is logit, 2nd is probabilities, third is incidences per year*/
-                fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"#Number of graphics: first is logit, 2nd is probabilities, third is incidences per year\n");
-              ij=1;/* To be checked else nbcode[0][0] wrong */
+     fprintf(ficgp,"#model=%s \n",model);
-              for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {
+     fprintf(ficgp,"# Type of graphic ng=%d\n",ng);
-                /* if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { /\* Bug valgrind *\/ */
+     fprintf(ficgp,"#   k1=1 to 2^%d=%d\n",cptcoveff,m);/* to be checked */
-                /*        /\*fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);*\/ */
+     for(k1=1; k1 <=m; k1++)  /* For each combination of covariate */
-                /*        ij++; */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
-                /* } */
+       if(m != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k1)
-                /* else */
+         continue;
-                  fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n\n# Combination of dummy  k1=%d which is ",k1);
-              }
+       strcpy(gplotlabel,"(");
-              fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
+       /*sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," Dummy combination %d ",k1);*/
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcoveff; k++){    /* For each correspondig covariate value  */
-              for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){
+         lv= decodtabm(k1,k,cptcoveff); /* Should be the covariate value corresponding to k1 combination and kth covariate */
-                fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
+         /* decodtabm(1,1,4) = 1 because h=1  k= (1) 1  1  1 */
-                ij=1;
+         /* decodtabm(1,2,4) = 1 because h=1  k=  1 (1) 1  1 */
-                for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+         /* decodtabm(13,3,4)= 2 because h=13 k=  1  1 (2) 2 */
-                  /* if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { */
+         vlv= nbcode[Tvaraff[k]][lv];
-                  /*   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]); */
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
-                  /*   ij++; */
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[k],vlv);
-                  /* } */
+       }
-                  /* else */
+       for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
-                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
+         fprintf(ficgp," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
-                }
+         sprintf(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel)," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
-                fprintf(ficgp,")");
+       }
-              }
+       strcpy(gplotlabel+strlen(gplotlabel),")");
-              fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n");
-              if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s_%d-%d-%d.svg\" ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"PE_"),k1,ng,nres);
-              i=i+ncovmodel;
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset key outside ");
-            }
+       /* fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%s\" at graph 1.2,0.5 center rotate font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",gplotlabel); */
-          } /* end k */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"%s\" font \"Helvetica,12\"\n",gplotlabel);
-        } /* end k2 */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter svg size 640, 480 ");
-      } /* end jk */
+       if (ng==1){
-    } /* end ng */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Value of the logit of the model\"\n"); /* exp(a12+b12*x) could be nice */
-  avoid:
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset log y");
-    fflush(ficgp);
+       }else if (ng==2){
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Probability\"\n");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y");
+       }else if (ng==3){
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y");
+       }else
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset title ");
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+       i=1;
+       for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
+         k3=i;
+         for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
+           if (k != k2){
+             switch( ng) {
+             case 1:
+               if(nagesqr==0)
+                 fprintf(ficgp," p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
+               else /* nagesqr =1 */
+                 fprintf(ficgp," p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",i,i+1,i+1+nagesqr);
+               break;
+             case 2: /* ng=2 */
+               if(nagesqr==0)
+                 fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
+               else /* nagesqr =1 */
+                 fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",i,i+1,i+1+nagesqr);
+               break;
+             case 3:
+               if(nagesqr==0)
+                 fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
+               else /* nagesqr =1 */
+                 fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1,i+1+nagesqr);
+               break;
+             }
+             ij=1;/* To be checked else nbcode[0][0] wrong */
+             ijp=1; /* product no age */
+             /* for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel-nagesqr; j++) { */
+             for(j=1; j <=cptcovt; j++) { /* For each covariate of the simplified model */
+               /* printf("Tage[%d]=%d, j=%d\n", ij, Tage[ij], j); */
+               if(cptcovage >0){ /* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, 2 V5 and V1 */
+                 if(j==Tage[ij]) { /* Product by age  To be looked at!!*/
+                   if(ij <=cptcovage) { /* V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1, 2 V5 and V1 */
+                     if(DummyV[j]==0){
+                       fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tinvresult[nres][Tvar[j]]);;
+                     }else{ /* quantitative */
+                       fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%f*x",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tqinvresult[nres][Tvar[j]]); /* Tqinvresult in decoderesult */
+                       /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtabm(k1,Tvar[j-2])]); */
+                     }
+                     ij++;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }else if(cptcovprod >0){
+                 if(j==Tprod[ijp]) { /* */
+                   /* printf("Tprod[%d]=%d, j=%d\n", ij, Tprod[ijp], j); */
+                   if(ijp <=cptcovprod) { /* Product */
+                     if(DummyV[Tvard[ijp][1]]==0){/* Vn is dummy */
+                       if(DummyV[Tvard[ijp][2]]==0){/* Vn and Vm are dummy */
+                         /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*%d",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvard[ijp][1]][codtabm(k1,j)],nbcode[Tvard[ijp][2]][codtabm(k1,j)]); */
+                         fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*%d",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][1]],Tinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][2]]);
+                       }else{ /* Vn is dummy and Vm is quanti */
+                         /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*%f",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvard[ijp][1]][codtabm(k1,j)],Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][2]]); */
+                         fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*%f",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][1]],Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][2]]);
+                       }
+                     }else{ /* Vn*Vm Vn is quanti */
+                       if(DummyV[Tvard[ijp][2]]==0){
+                         fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*%f",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][2]],Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][1]]);
+                       }else{ /* Both quanti */
+                         fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%f*%f",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][1]],Tqinvresult[nres][Tvard[ijp][2]]);
+                       }
+                     }
+                     ijp++;
+                   }
+                 } /* end Tprod */
+               } else{  /* simple covariate */
+                 /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvar[j]][codtabm(k1,j)]); /\* Valgrind bug nbcode *\/ */
+                 if(Dummy[j]==0){
+                   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tinvresult[nres][Tvar[j]]); /*  */
+                 }else{ /* quantitative */
+                   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%f",i+j+2+nagesqr-1,Tqinvresult[nres][Tvar[j]]); /* */
+                   /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtabm(k1,Tvar[j-2])]); */
+                 }
+               } /* end simple */
+             } /* end j */
+           }else{
+             i=i-ncovmodel;
+             if(ng !=1 ) /* For logit formula of log p11 is more difficult to get */
+               fprintf(ficgp," (1.");
+           }
+           if(ng != 1){
+             fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
+             for(cpt=1; cpt <=nlstate; cpt++){
+               if(nagesqr==0)
+                 fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1);
+               else /* nagesqr =1 */
+                 fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1,k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1+nagesqr);
+               ij=1;
+               for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel-nagesqr; j++){
+                  if(cptcovage >0){
+                    if((j-2)==Tage[ij]) { /* Bug valgrind */
+                      if(ij <=cptcovage) { /* Bug valgrind */
+                        fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2+nagesqr,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtabm(k1,j-2)]);
+                        /* fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2+nagesqr,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtabm(k1,Tvar[j-2])]); */
+                        ij++;
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }else
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(cpt-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2+nagesqr,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtabm(k1,j-2)]);/* Valgrind bug nbcode */
+               }
+               fprintf(ficgp,")");
+             }
+             fprintf(ficgp,")");
+             if(ng ==2)
+               fprintf(ficgp," w l lw 2 lt (%d*%d+%d)%%%d+1 dt %d t \"p%d%d\" ", nlstate+ndeath, k2, k, nlstate+ndeath, k2, k2,k);
+             else /* ng= 3 */
+               fprintf(ficgp," w l lw 2 lt (%d*%d+%d)%%%d+1 dt %d t \"i%d%d\" ",  nlstate+ndeath, k2, k, nlstate+ndeath, k2, k2,k);
+           }else{ /* end ng <> 1 */
+             if( k !=k2) /* logit p11 is hard to draw */
+               fprintf(ficgp," w l lw 2 lt (%d*%d+%d)%%%d+1 dt %d t \"logit(p%d%d)\" ",  nlstate+ndeath, k2, k, nlstate+ndeath, k2, k2,k);
+           }
+           if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath) && ng != 1)
+             fprintf(ficgp,",");
+           if (ng == 1 && k!=k2 && (k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath))
+             fprintf(ficgp,",");
+           i=i+ncovmodel;
+         } /* end k */
+       } /* end k2 */
+       /* fprintf(ficgp,"\n set out; unset label;set key default;\n"); */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\n set out; unset title;set key default;\n");
+     } /* end k1 */
+   } /* end ng */
+   /* avoid: */
+   fflush(ficgp);
  }  /* end gnuplot */
  /*************** Moving average **************/
- int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
+ /* int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage, double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav, double bageout, double fageout){ */
+  int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage, double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
+    int i, cpt, cptcod;
+    int modcovmax =1;
+    int mobilavrange, mob;
+    int iage=0;
+    double sum=0., sumr=0.;
+    double age;
+    double *sumnewp, *sumnewm, *sumnewmr;
+    double *agemingood, *agemaxgood;
+    double *agemingoodr, *agemaxgoodr;
+    /* modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;  Max number of modalities. We suppose  */
+    /*              a covariate has 2 modalities, should be equal to ncovcombmax   */
+    sumnewp = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    sumnewm = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    sumnewmr = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    agemingood = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    agemingoodr = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    agemaxgood = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    agemaxgoodr = vector(1,ncovcombmax);
+    for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncovcombmax;cptcod++){
+      sumnewm[cptcod]=0.; sumnewmr[cptcod]=0.;
+      sumnewp[cptcod]=0.;
+      agemingood[cptcod]=0, agemingoodr[cptcod]=0;
+      agemaxgood[cptcod]=0, agemaxgoodr[cptcod]=0;
+    }
+    if (cptcovn<1) ncovcombmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
+    if(mobilav==-1 || mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
+      if(mobilav==1 || mobilav==-1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
+      else mobilavrange=mobilav;
+      for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+          for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncovcombmax;cptcod++)
+            mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+      /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for
+         fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
+         we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned.
+      */
+      for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
+        for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
+          for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncovcombmax;cptcod++){
+            sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+              for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
+                mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
+                mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
+              }
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
+              sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+            } /* end i */
+            if(sumnewm[cptcod] >1.e-3) mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/sumnewm[cptcod]; /* Rescaling to sum one */
+          } /* end cptcod */
+        }/* end age */
+      }/* end mob */
+    }else{
+      printf("Error internal in movingaverage, mobilav=%d.\n",mobilav);
+      return -1;
+    }
-   int i, cpt, cptcod;
+    for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncovcombmax;cptcod++){ /* for each combination */
-   int modcovmax =1;
+      /* for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){ */
-   int mobilavrange, mob;
+      if(invalidvarcomb[cptcod]){
-   double age;
+        printf("\nCombination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",cptcod);
+        continue;
-   modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose
+      }
-                            a covariate has 2 modalities */
-   if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
-   if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
-     if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
-     else mobilavrange=mobilav;
-     for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
-       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-         for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
-           mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
-     /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for
-        fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
-        we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned.
-     */
-     for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
-       for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
-         for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-           for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
-             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
-               for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
-                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
-                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
-               }
-             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
-           }
-         }
-       }/* end age */
-     }/* end mob */
-   }else return -1;
-   return 0;
- }/* End movingaverage */
+      for (age=fage-(mob-1)/2; age>=bage+(mob-1)/2; age--){ /*looking for the youngest and oldest good age */
+        sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+        sumnewmr[cptcod]=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumnewmr[cptcod]+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(fabs(sumnewmr[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good without smoothing */
+          agemingoodr[cptcod]=age;
+        }
+        if(fabs(sumnewm[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good */
+            agemingood[cptcod]=age;
+        }
+      } /* age */
+      for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){ /*looking for the youngest and oldest good age */
+        sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+        sumnewmr[cptcod]=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumnewmr[cptcod]+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(fabs(sumnewmr[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good without smoothing */
+          agemaxgoodr[cptcod]=age;
+        }
+        if(fabs(sumnewm[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good */
+          agemaxgood[cptcod]=age;
+        }
+      } /* age */
+      /* Thus we have agemingood and agemaxgood as well as goodr for raw (preobs) */
+      /* but they will change */
+      for (age=fage-(mob-1)/2; age>=bage; age--){/* From oldest to youngest, filling up to the youngest */
+        sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+        sumnewmr[cptcod]=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumnewmr[cptcod]+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(mobilav==-1){ /* Forcing raw ages if good else agemingood */
+          if(fabs(sumnewmr[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good without smoothing */
+            agemaxgoodr[cptcod]=age;  /* age min */
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          }else{ /* bad we change the value with the values of good ages */
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemaxgoodr[cptcod]][i][cptcod];
+            } /* i */
+          } /* end bad */
+        }else{
+          if(fabs(sumnewm[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good */
+            agemaxgood[cptcod]=age;
+          }else{ /* bad we change the value with the values of good ages */
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemaxgood[cptcod]][i][cptcod];
+            } /* i */
+          } /* end bad */
+        }/* end else */
+        sum=0.;sumr=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sum+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumr+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(fabs(sum - 1.) > 1.e-3) { /* bad */
+          printf("Moving average A1: For this combination of covariate cptcod=%d, we can't get a smoothed prevalence which sums to one (%f) at any descending age! age=%d, could you increase bage=%d\n",cptcod,sumr, (int)age, (int)bage);
+        } /* end bad */
+        /* else{ /\* We found some ages summing to one, we will smooth the oldest *\/ */
+        if(fabs(sumr - 1.) > 1.e-3) { /* bad */
+          printf("Moving average A2: For this combination of covariate cptcod=%d, the raw prevalence doesn't sums to one (%f) even with smoothed values at young ages! age=%d, could you increase bage=%d\n",cptcod,sumr, (int)age, (int)bage);
+        } /* end bad */
+      }/* age */
+      for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage; age++){/* From youngest, finding the oldest wrong */
+        sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+        sumnewmr[cptcod]=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumnewmr[cptcod]+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(mobilav==-1){ /* Forcing raw ages if good else agemingood */
+          if(fabs(sumnewmr[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good */
+            agemingoodr[cptcod]=age;
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          }else{ /* bad we change the value with the values of good ages */
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemingoodr[cptcod]][i][cptcod];
+            } /* i */
+          } /* end bad */
+        }else{
+          if(fabs(sumnewm[cptcod] - 1.) <= 1.e-3) { /* good */
+            agemingood[cptcod]=age;
+          }else{ /* bad */
+            for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemingood[cptcod]][i][cptcod];
+            } /* i */
+          } /* end bad */
+        }/* end else */
+        sum=0.;sumr=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sum+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumr+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+        }
+        if(fabs(sum - 1.) > 1.e-3) { /* bad */
+          printf("Moving average B1: For this combination of covariate cptcod=%d, we can't get a smoothed prevalence which sums to one (%f) at any descending age! age=%d, could you decrease fage=%d?\n",cptcod, sum, (int) age, (int)fage);
+        } /* end bad */
+        /* else{ /\* We found some ages summing to one, we will smooth the oldest *\/ */
+        if(fabs(sumr - 1.) > 1.e-3) { /* bad */
+          printf("Moving average B2: For this combination of covariate cptcod=%d, the raw prevalence doesn't sums to one (%f) even with smoothed values at young ages! age=%d, could you increase fage=%d\n",cptcod,sumr, (int)age, (int)fage);
+        } /* end bad */
+      }/* age */
+      for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++){
+        /* printf("%d %d ", cptcod, (int)age); */
+        sumnewp[cptcod]=0.;
+        sumnewm[cptcod]=0.;
+        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+          sumnewp[cptcod]+=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          sumnewm[cptcod]+=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+          /* printf("%.4f %.4f ",probs[(int)age][i][cptcod], mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]); */
+        }
+        /* printf("%.4f %.4f \n",sumnewp[cptcod], sumnewm[cptcod]); */
+      }
+      /* printf("\n"); */
+      /* } */
+      /* brutal averaging */
+      /* for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){ */
+      /*   for (age=1; age<=bage; age++){ */
+      /*          mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemingood[cptcod]][i][cptcod]; */
+      /*          /\* printf("age=%d i=%d cptcod=%d mobaverage=%.4f \n",(int)age,i, cptcod, mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]); *\/ */
+      /*   }      */
+      /*   for (age=fage; age<=AGESUP; age++){ */
+      /*          mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agemaxgood[cptcod]][i][cptcod]; */
+      /*          /\* printf("age=%d i=%d cptcod=%d mobaverage=%.4f \n",(int)age,i, cptcod, mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]); *\/ */
+      /*   } */
+      /* } /\* end i status *\/ */
+      /* for (i=nlstate+1; i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++){ */
+      /*   for (age=1; age<=AGESUP; age++){ */
+      /*          /\*printf("i=%d, age=%d, cptcod=%d\n",i, (int)age, cptcod);*\/ */
+      /*          mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=0.; */
+      /*   } */
+      /* } */
+    }/* end cptcod */
+    free_vector(agemaxgoodr,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(agemaxgood,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(agemingood,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(agemingoodr,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(sumnewmr,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(sumnewm,1, ncovcombmax);
+    free_vector(sumnewp,1, ncovcombmax);
+    return 0;
+  }/* End movingaverage */
  /************** Forecasting ******************/
- prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
+  void prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double ***prev, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
    /* proj1, year, month, day of starting projection
       agemin, agemax range of age
       dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
       anproj2 year of en of projection (same day and month as proj1).
    */
-   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, c, cptcod, i, h, i1;
+   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, cptcod, i, h, i1, k4, nres=0;
-   int *popage;
    double agec; /* generic age */
    double agelim, ppij, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
    double *popeffectif,*popcount;
    double ***p3mat;
-   double ***mobaverage;
+   /* double ***mobaverage; */
    char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
    agelim=AGESUP;
-   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
+      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
+      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
+   */
+   /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart,\ */
+   /*          firstpass, lastpass,  stepm,  weightopt, model); */
-   strcpy(fileresf,"f");
+   strcpy(fileresf,"F_");
-   strcat(fileresf,fileres);
+   strcat(fileresf,fileresu);
    if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
      printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
    }
-   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
+   printf("\nComputing forecasting: result on file '%s', please wait... \n", fileresf);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nComputing forecasting: result on file '%s', please wait... \n", fileresf);
    if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-     }
-   }
    stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
    if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
    if(estepm < stepm){
      printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
    }
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
+   else{
+     hstepm=estepm;
+   }
+   if(estepm > stepm){ /* Yes every two year */
+     stepsize=2;
+   }
    hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
    yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
- Line 4445  prevforecast(char fileres[], double anpr
+ Line 8219  prevforecast(char fileres[], double anpr
    if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
    if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
-   i1=cptcoveff;
+   i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
    if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
    fprintf(ficresf,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2);
    fprintf(ficresf,"#****** Routine prevforecast **\n");
  /*            if (h==(int)(YEARM*yearp)){ */
-   for(cptcov=1, k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+   for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
-     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
+   for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){
-       k=k+1;
+     if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
-       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
+       continue;
-       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+     if(invalidvarcomb[k]){
-         fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d, hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+       printf("\nCombination (%d) projection ignored because no cases \n",k);
-       }
+       continue;
-       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
+     }
-       fprintf(ficresf,"# Covariate valuofcovar yearproj age");
+     fprintf(ficresf,"\n#****** hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev \n#");
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+     for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       fprintf(ficresf," V%d (=) %d",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
-           fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
+     }
-         fprintf(ficresf," p.%d",j);
+     for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
-       }
+       fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
-       for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) {
+     }
+     fprintf(ficresf," yearproj age");
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
+       fprintf(ficresf," wp.%d",j);
+     }
+     for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) {
+       fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
+       fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);
+       /* for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){  */
+       for (agec=fage; agec>=(bage); agec--){
+         nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm);
+         nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+         p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         /* We compute pii at age agec over nhstepm);*/
+         hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k,nres);
+         /* Then we print p3mat for h corresponding to the right agec+h*stepms=yearp */
+         for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+           if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
+             break;
+           }
+         }
          fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
-         fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
-         for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){
+         fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm);
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+         for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+           ppij=0.;
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+             if (mobilav>=1)
+              ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*prev[(int)agec][i][k];
+             else { /* even if mobilav==-1 we use mobaverage, probs may not sums to 1 */
+                 ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][k];
+             }
+             fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+           } /* end i */
+           fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
+         }/* end j */
+         free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+       } /* end agec */
+       /* diffyear=(int) anproj1+yearp-ageminpar-1; */
+       /*printf("Prevforecast %d+%d-%d=diffyear=%d\n",(int) anproj1, (int)yearp,(int)ageminpar,(int) anproj1-(int)ageminpar);*/
+     } /* end yearp */
+   } /* end  k */
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-             if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
-               fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
-               for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
-                 fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-               fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-             }
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-               ppij=0.;
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-                 if (mobilav==1)
-                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][i][cptcod];
-                 else {
-                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][cptcod];
-                 }
-                 if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm== yearp) {
-                   fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
-                 }
-               } /* end i */
-               if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm==yearp) {
-                 fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
-               }
-             }/* end j */
-           } /* end h */
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-         } /* end agec */
-       } /* end yearp */
-     } /* end cptcod */
-   } /* end  cptcov */
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
    fclose(ficresf);
+   printf("End of Computing forecasting \n");
+   fprintf(ficlog,"End of Computing forecasting\n");
  }
- /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
+ /************** Back Forecasting ******************/
- populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
+  void prevbackforecast(char fileres[], double ***prevacurrent, double anback1, double mback1, double jback1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anback2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
+   /* back1, year, month, day of starting backection
-   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
+      agemin, agemax range of age
-   int *popage;
+      dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
-   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2;
+      anback2 year of end of backprojection (same day and month as back1).
+      prevacurrent and prev are prevalences.
+   */
+   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, cptcod, i, h, i1, k4, nres=0;
+   double agec; /* generic age */
+   double agelim, ppij, ppi, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
    double *popeffectif,*popcount;
-   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
+   double ***p3mat;
-   double ***mobaverage;
+   /* double ***mobaverage; */
-   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   char fileresfb[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   agelim=AGEINF;
+   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
+      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
+      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
+   */
+   /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart,\ */
+   /*          firstpass, lastpass,  stepm,  weightopt, model); */
-   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   /*Do we need to compute prevalence again?*/
-   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+   /* prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass); */
-   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
-   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+   strcpy(fileresfb,"FB_");
+   strcat(fileresfb,fileresu);
+   if((ficresfb=fopen(fileresfb,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with back forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresfb);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with back forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresfb);
+   }
+   printf("\nComputing back forecasting: result on file '%s', please wait... \n", fileresfb);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nComputing back forecasting: result on file '%s', please wait... \n", fileresfb);
+   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
-   strcpy(filerespop,"pop");
-   strcat(filerespop,fileres);
+   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
-   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
+   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
-     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
+   if(estepm < stepm){
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
+     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
    }
-   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
+   else{
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
+     hstepm=estepm;
+   }
+   if(estepm >= stepm){ /* Yes every two year */
+     stepsize=2;
+   }
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
+   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
+                                fractional in yp1 */
+   anprojmean=yp;
+   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
+   mprojmean=yp;
+   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
+   jprojmean=yp;
+   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
+   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
+   i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+   fprintf(ficresfb,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2);
+   printf("# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2);
+   fprintf(ficresfb,"#****** Routine prevbackforecast **\n");
+   for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
+   for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){
+     if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+       continue;
+     if(invalidvarcomb[k]){
+       printf("\nCombination (%d) projection ignored because no cases \n",k);
+       continue;
+     }
+     fprintf(ficresfb,"\n#****** hbijx=probability over h years, hb.jx is weighted by observed prev \n#");
+     for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+       fprintf(ficresfb," V%d (=) %d",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+     }
+     for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+       fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+     }
+     fprintf(ficresfb," yearbproj age");
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         fprintf(ficresfb," b%d%d",i,j);
+       fprintf(ficresfb," b.%d",j);
+     }
+     for (yearp=0; yearp>=(anback2-anback1);yearp -=stepsize) {
+       /* for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) {  */
+       fprintf(ficresfb,"\n");
+       fprintf(ficresfb,"\n# Back Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jback1,mback1,anback1+yearp);
+       /* printf("\n# Back Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jback1,mback1,anback1+yearp); */
+       /* for (agec=bage; agec<=agemax-1; agec++){  /\* testing *\/ */
+       for (agec=bage; agec<=fage; agec++){  /* testing */
+         /* We compute bij at age agec over nhstepm, nhstepm decreases when agec increases because of agemax;*/
+         nhstepm=(int) (agec-agelim) *YEARM/stepm;/*     nhstepm=(int) rint((agec-agelim)*YEARM/stepm);*/
+         nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+         p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         /* computes hbxij at age agec over 1 to nhstepm */
+         /* printf("####prevbackforecast debug  agec=%.2f nhstepm=%d\n",agec, nhstepm);fflush(stdout); */
+         hbxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,prevacurrent,nlstate,stepm, k, nres);
+         /* hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,             nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k,nres); */
+         /* Then we print p3mat for h corresponding to the right agec+h*stepms=yearp */
+         /* printf(" agec=%.2f\n",agec);fflush(stdout); */
+         for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+           if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==-yearp) {
+             break;
+           }
+         }
+         fprintf(ficresfb,"\n");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficresfb,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficresfb,"%.f %.f ",anback1+yearp,agec-h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++) {
+           ppij=0.;ppi=0.;
+           for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++) {
+             /* if (mobilav==1) */
+             ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*prevacurrent[(int)agec][j][k];
+             ppi=ppi+prevacurrent[(int)agec][j][k];
+             /* ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][j][k]; */
+             /* ppi=ppi+mobaverage[(int)agec][j][k]; */
+               /* else { */
+               /*        ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][k]; */
+               /* } */
+             fprintf(ficresfb," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+           } /* end j */
+           if(ppi <0.99){
+             printf("Error in prevbackforecast, prevalence doesn't sum to 1 for state %d: %3f\n",i, ppi);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error in prevbackforecast, prevalence doesn't sum to 1 for state %d: %3f\n",i, ppi);
+           }
+           fprintf(ficresfb," %.3f", ppij);
+         }/* end j */
+         free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+       } /* end agec */
+     } /* end yearp */
+   } /* end k */
+   /* if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+   fclose(ficresfb);
+   printf("End of Computing Back forecasting \n");
+   fprintf(ficlog,"End of Computing Back forecasting\n");
+ }
-   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
+ /* Variance of prevalence limit: varprlim */
+  void varprlim(char fileresu[], int nresult, double ***prevacurrent, int mobilavproj, double bage, double fage, double **prlim, int *ncvyearp, double ftolpl, double p[], double **matcov, double *delti, int stepm, int cptcoveff){
+     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/
+    char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    FILE *ficresvpl;
+    double **oldm, **savm;
+    double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
+    int i1, k, nres, j ;
+     strcpy(fileresvpl,"VPL_");
+     strcat(fileresvpl,fileresu);
+     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
+       exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' ...", fileresvpl);fflush(stdout);
+     fprintf(ficlog, "Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' ...", fileresvpl);fflush(ficlog);
+     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
+     i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){
-     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+         continue;
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+       fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
+       printf("\n#****** ");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         printf("V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficresvpl," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
+       printf("******\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+       varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+       varprevlim(fileresvpl, ficresvpl, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k, strstart, nres);
+       free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       /*}*/
      }
-   }
+     fclose(ficresvpl);
+     printf("done variance-covariance of period prevalence\n");fflush(stdout);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"done variance-covariance of period prevalence\n");fflush(ficlog);
-   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+  }
-   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
+ /* Variance of back prevalence: varbprlim */
+  void varbprlim(char fileresu[], int nresult, double ***prevacurrent, int mobilavproj, double bage, double fage, double **bprlim, int *ncvyearp, double ftolpl, double p[], double **matcov, double *delti, int stepm, int cptcoveff){
+       /*------- Variance of back (stable) prevalence------*/
+    char fileresvbl[FILENAMELENGTH];
+    FILE  *ficresvbl;
+    double **oldm, **savm;
+    double **varbpl; /* Variances of back prevalence limits by age */
+    int i1, k, nres, j ;
+    strcpy(fileresvbl,"VBL_");
+    strcat(fileresvbl,fileresu);
+    if((ficresvbl=fopen(fileresvbl,"w"))==NULL) {
+      printf("Problem with variance of back (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvbl);
+      exit(0);
+    }
+    printf("Computing Variance-covariance of back (stable) prevalence: file '%s' ...", fileresvbl);fflush(stdout);
+    fprintf(ficlog, "Computing Variance-covariance of back (stable) prevalence: file '%s' ...", fileresvbl);fflush(ficlog);
+    i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+    if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+    for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
+      for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){
+        if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+          continue;
+        fprintf(ficresvbl,"\n#****** ");
+        printf("\n#****** ");
+        fprintf(ficlog,"\n#****** ");
+        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+          fprintf(ficresvbl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+          fprintf(ficlog,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+          printf("V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+        }
+        for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+          printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+          fprintf(ficresvbl," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+          fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+        }
+        fprintf(ficresvbl,"******\n");
+        printf("******\n");
+        fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+        varbpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+        oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+        varbrevlim(fileresvbl, ficresvbl, varbpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, bprlim, ftolpl, mobilavproj, ncvyearp, k, strstart, nres);
+        free_matrix(varbpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+        /*}*/
+      }
+    fclose(ficresvbl);
+    printf("done variance-covariance of back prevalence\n");fflush(stdout);
+    fprintf(ficlog,"done variance-covariance of back prevalence\n");fflush(ficlog);
+  } /* End of varbprlim */
+ /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
+ /* void populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2s, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){ */
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+ /*   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h; */
+ /*   int *popage; */
+ /*   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2; */
+ /*   double *popeffectif,*popcount; */
+ /*   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev; */
+ /*   /\* double ***mobaverage; *\/ */
+ /*   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH]; */
+ /*   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+ /*   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+ /*   agelim=AGESUP; */
+ /*   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM; */
+ /*   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass); */
+ /*   strcpy(filerespop,"POP_");  */
+ /*   strcat(filerespop,fileresu); */
+ /*   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) { */
+ /*     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop); */
+ /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop); */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop); */
+ /*   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop); */
+ /*   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1; */
+ /*   /\* if (mobilav!=0) { *\/ */
+ /*   /\*   mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); *\/ */
+ /*   /\*   if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){ *\/ */
+ /*   /\*     fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav); *\/ */
+ /*   /\*     printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav); *\/ */
+ /*   /\*   } *\/ */
+ /*   /\* } *\/ */
+ /*   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM; */
+ /*   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1; */
-   hstepm=1;
+ /*   agelim=AGESUP; */
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
-   if (popforecast==1) {
+ /*   hstepm=1; */
-     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
+ /*   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;  */
-       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
+ /*   if (popforecast==1) { */
-     }
+ /*     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) { */
-     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
+ /*       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0); */
-     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
+ /*       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0); */
-     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
+ /*     }  */
+ /*     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP); */
+ /*     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP); */
+ /*     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP); */
-     i=1;
+ /*     i=1;    */
-     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
+ /*     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1; */
-     imx=i;
+ /*     imx=i; */
-     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
+ /*     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i]; */
-   }
+ /*   } */
-   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
+ /*   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){ */
-    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
+ /*     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){ */
-       k=k+1;
+ /*       k=k+1; */
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
+ /*       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******"); */
-       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+ /*       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) { */
-         fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+ /*      fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]); */
-       }
+ /*       } */
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
+ /*       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n"); */
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
+ /*       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age"); */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
+ /*       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j); */
-       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
+ /*       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]"); */
-       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) {
+ /*       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) {  */
-         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
+ /*      fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);    */
-         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
+ /*      for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){  */
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
+ /*        nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);  */
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+ /*        nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;  */
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+ /*        p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm); */
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+ /*        oldm=oldms;savm=savms; */
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+ /*        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);   */
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
-               fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-             }
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-                 if (mobilav==1)
-                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
-                 else {
-                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
-                 }
-               }
-               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){
-                 tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
-                   /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
-                     if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
-               }
-             }
-             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-               kk1=0.;
-                 for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-                   kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod];
-                 }
-                   tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
-             }
-             if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-               fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
-           }
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-         }
-       }
-   /******/
-       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) {
-         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
-         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+ /*        for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){ */
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+ /*          if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) { */
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+ /*            fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm); */
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+ /*          }  */
-             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
+ /*          for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
-               fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
+ /*            kk1=0.;kk2=0; */
-             }
+ /*            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {               */
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+ /*              if (mobilav==1)  */
-               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
+ /*                kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod]; */
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
+ /*              else { */
-                 kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
+ /*                kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod]; */
-               }
+ /*              } */
-               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);
+ /*            } */
-             }
+ /*            if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){ */
-           }
+ /*              tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1; */
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+ /*              /\*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1); */
-         }
+ /*                if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*\/ */
-       }
+ /*            } */
-    }
+ /*          } */
-   }
+ /*          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){ */
+ /*            kk1=0.; */
+ /*            for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){ */
+ /*              kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod];  */
+ /*            } */
+ /*            tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)]; */
+ /*          } */
+ /*          if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) */
+ /*            for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)  */
+ /*              fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]); */
+ /*        } */
+ /*        free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm); */
+ /*      } */
+ /*       } */
+ /*       /\******\/ */
+ /*       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) {  */
+ /*      fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);    */
+ /*      for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){  */
+ /*        nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);  */
+ /*        nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;  */
+ /*        p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm); */
+ /*        oldm=oldms;savm=savms; */
+ /*        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);   */
+ /*        for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){ */
+ /*          if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) { */
+ /*            fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm); */
+ /*          }  */
+ /*          for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) { */
+ /*            kk1=0.;kk2=0; */
+ /*            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {               */
+ /*              kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];     */
+ /*            } */
+ /*            if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);         */
+ /*          } */
+ /*        } */
+ /*        free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm); */
+ /*      } */
+ /*       } */
+ /*     }  */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   /\* if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); *\/ */
+ /*   if (popforecast==1) { */
+ /*     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP); */
+ /*     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP); */
+ /*     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP); */
+ /*   } */
+ /*   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+ /*   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX); */
+ /*   fclose(ficrespop); */
+ /* } /\* End of popforecast *\/ */
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   if (popforecast==1) {
-     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
-     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
-     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
-   }
-   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   fclose(ficrespop);
- } /* End of popforecast */
  int fileappend(FILE *fichier, char *optionfich)
  {
    if((fichier=fopen(optionfich,"a"))==NULL) {
- Line 4691  void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate
+ Line 8742  void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate
    /* Wizard to print covariance matrix template */
-   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
+   char ca[32], cb[32];
-   int i,j, k, l, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
+   int i,j, k, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
    int numlinepar;
    printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
- Line 4813  double gompertz(double x[])
+ Line 8864  double gompertz(double x[])
    double A,B,L=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
    int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
-   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
+   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++) {
      sump=sump+weight[i];
      /*    sump=sump+1;*/
      num=num+1;
- Line 4886  double gompertz_f(const gsl_vector *v, v
+ Line 8937  double gompertz_f(const gsl_vector *v, v
  #endif
  /******************* Printing html file ***********/
- void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
+ void printinghtmlmort(char fileresu[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
                    int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
                    int imx,  double p[],double **matcov,double agemortsup){
    int i,k;
- Line 4895  void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], ch
+ Line 8946  void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], ch
    fprintf(fichtm,"  mu(age) =%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d)) per year<br><br>",p[1],p[2],agegomp);
    for (i=1;i<=2;i++)
      fprintf(fichtm," p[%d] = %lf [%f ; %f]<br>\n",i,p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.png\">");
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.svg\">");
    fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
  fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</h4>\n <br>");
- Line 4910  fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</
+ Line 8961  fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</
  }
  /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
- void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
+ void printinggnuplotmort(char fileresu[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
    char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
-   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
    int ng;
- Line 4924  void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[],
+ Line 8975  void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[],
    strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
    strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
-   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.png\"\n ");
+   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.svg\"\n ");
    fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\"\n set ylabel \"Force of mortality (per year)\" \n ");
-   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter png small size 320, 240\n set log y\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter svg size 640, 480\n set log y\n");
    /* fprintf(ficgp, "set size 0.65,0.65\n"); */
    fprintf(ficgp,"plot [%d:100] %lf*exp(%lf*(x-%d))",agegomp,p[1],p[2],agegomp);
- Line 4938  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 8989  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
    /*-------- data file ----------*/
    FILE *fic;
    char dummy[]="                         ";
-   int i, j, n;
+   int i=0, j=0, n=0, iv=0, v;
+   int lstra;
    int linei, month, year,iout;
    char line[MAXLINE], linetmp[MAXLINE];
-   char stra[80], strb[80];
+   char stra[MAXLINE], strb[MAXLINE];
    char *stratrunc;
-   int lstra;
+   DummyV=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* 1 to 3 */
+   FixedV=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* 1 to 3 */
+   for(v=1; v <=ncovcol;v++){
+     DummyV[v]=0;
+     FixedV[v]=0;
+   }
+   for(v=ncovcol+1; v <=ncovcol+nqv;v++){
+     DummyV[v]=1;
+     FixedV[v]=0;
+   }
+   for(v=ncovcol+nqv+1; v <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv;v++){
+     DummyV[v]=0;
+     FixedV[v]=1;
+   }
+   for(v=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+1; v <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv;v++){
+     DummyV[v]=1;
+     FixedV[v]=1;
+   }
+   for(v=1; v <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv;v++){
+     printf("Covariate type in the data: V%d, DummyV(V%d)=%d, FixedV(V%d)=%d\n",v,v,DummyV[v],v,FixedV[v]);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Covariate type in the data: V%d, DummyV(V%d)=%d, FixedV(V%d)=%d\n",v,v,DummyV[v],v,FixedV[v]);
+   }
    if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
-     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
+     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s with errno='%s'\n", datafile,strerror(errno));fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s with errno='%s'\n", datafile,strerror(errno));fflush(ficlog);return 1;
    }
    i=1;
- Line 4969  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9043  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
        continue;
      }
      trimbb(linetmp,line); /* Trims multiple blanks in line */
-     for (j=0; line[j]!='\0';j++){
+     strcpy(line, linetmp);
-       line[j]=linetmp[j];
-     }
+     /* Loops on waves */
      for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
+       for (iv=nqtv;iv>=1;iv--){  /* Loop  on time varying quantitative variables */
+         cutv(stra, strb, line, ' ');
+         if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing value */
+           lval=-1;
+           cotqvar[j][iv][i]=-1; /* 0.0/0.0 */
+           cotvar[j][ntv+iv][i]=-1; /* For performance reasons */
+           if(isalpha(strb[1])) { /* .m or .d Really Missing value */
+             printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value out of %d measured at wave %d. If missing, you should remove this individual or impute a value.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,iv, nqtv, j);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value out of %d measured at wave %d. If missing, you should remove this individual or impute a value.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,iv, nqtv, j);fflush(ficlog);
+             return 1;
+           }
+         }else{
+           errno=0;
+           /* what_kind_of_number(strb); */
+           dval=strtod(strb,&endptr);
+           /* if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){ */
+           /* if(strb != endptr && *endptr == '\0') */
+           /*    dval=dlval; */
+           /* if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN)) */
+           if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+             printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value out of %d measured at wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,iv, nqtv, j,maxwav);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value out of %d measured at wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line, iv, nqtv, j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
+             return 1;
+           }
+           cotqvar[j][iv][i]=dval;
+           cotvar[j][ntv+iv][i]=dval;
+         }
+         strcpy(line,stra);
+       }/* end loop ntqv */
+       for (iv=ntv;iv>=1;iv--){  /* Loop  on time varying dummies */
+         cutv(stra, strb, line, ' ');
+         if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing value */
+           lval=-1;
+         }else{
+           errno=0;
+           lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
+           /*    if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
+           if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+             printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th dummy covariate out of %d measured at wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,iv, ntv, j,maxwav);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d dummy covariate out of %d measured wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,iv, ntv,j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
+             return 1;
+           }
+         }
+         if(lval <-1 || lval >1){
+           printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
+  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
+  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n                 \
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n                         \
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n                                            \
+  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n                                \
+  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
+  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
+  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n                 \
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n                         \
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n                                            \
+  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n                                \
+  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);fflush(ficlog);
+           return 1;
+         }
+         cotvar[j][iv][i]=(double)(lval);
+         strcpy(line,stra);
+       }/* end loop ntv */
+       /* Statuses  at wave */
        cutv(stra, strb, line, ' ');
-       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
+       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing value */
          lval=-1;
        }else{
          errno=0;
          lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
-       /*        if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
+         /*      if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
          if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
            printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);
            fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
            return 1;
          }
        }
        s[j][i]=lval;
+       /* Date of Interview */
        strcpy(line,stra);
        cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-       if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+       if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
        }
-       else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
+       else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy)) != 0){
          month=99;
          year=9999;
        }else{
- Line 5005  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9149  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
        anint[j][i]= (double) year;
        mint[j][i]= (double)month;
        strcpy(line,stra);
-     } /* ENd Waves */
+     } /* End loop on waves */
+     /* Date of death */
      cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+     if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
      }
-     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
+     else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy)) != 0){
        month=99;
        year=9999;
      }else{
        printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-         return 1;
+       return 1;
      }
      andc[i]=(double) year;
      moisdc[i]=(double) month;
      strcpy(line,stra);
+     /* Date of birth */
      cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+     if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
      }
-     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.", dummy) != 0){
+     else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.", dummy)) != 0){
        month=99;
        year=9999;
      }else{
        printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-         return 1;
+       return 1;
      }
      if (year==9999) {
        printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given. Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-         return 1;
+       return 1;
      }
      annais[i]=(double)(year);
      moisnais[i]=(double)(month);
      strcpy(line,stra);
+     /* Sample weight */
      cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
      errno=0;
      dval=strtod(strb,&endptr);
- Line 5055  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9202  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
      weight[i]=dval;
      strcpy(line,stra);
+     for (iv=nqv;iv>=1;iv--){  /* Loop  on fixed quantitative variables */
+       cutv(stra, strb, line, ' ');
+       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing value */
+         lval=-1;
+       }else{
+         errno=0;
+         /* what_kind_of_number(strb); */
+         dval=strtod(strb,&endptr);
+         /* if(strb != endptr && *endptr == '\0') */
+         /*   dval=dlval; */
+         /* if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN)) */
+         if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+           printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value (out of %d) constant for all waves. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line, iv, nqv, maxwav);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be the %d th quantitative value (out of %d) constant for all waves. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line, iv, nqv, maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
+           return 1;
+         }
+         coqvar[iv][i]=dval;
+         covar[ncovcol+iv][i]=dval; /* including qvar in standard covar for performance reasons */
+       }
+       strcpy(line,stra);
+     }/* end loop nqv */
+     /* Covariate values */
      for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
        cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
+       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing covariate value */
          lval=-1;
        }else{
          errno=0;
- Line 5072  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9242  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
          printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
   Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
   for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
-  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n                 \
-  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n                         \
-         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n                                            \
   and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
-  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n                                \
   Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
          fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
   Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
   for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
-  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n                 \
-  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n                         \
-         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n                                            \
   and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
-  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n                                \
   Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);fflush(ficlog);
          return 1;
        }
- Line 5093  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9263  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
        strcpy(line,stra);
      }
      lstra=strlen(stra);
      if(lstra > 9){ /* More than 2**32 or max of what printf can write with %ld */
        stratrunc = &(stra[lstra-9]);
        num[i]=atol(stratrunc);
- Line 5105  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
+ Line 9275  int readdata(char datafile[], int firsto
      i=i+1;
    } /* End loop reading  data */
    *imax=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
    fclose(fic);
    return (0);
-   endread:
+   /* endread: */
-     printf("Exiting readdata: ");
+   printf("Exiting readdata: ");
-     fclose(fic);
+   fclose(fic);
-     return (1);
+   return (1);
+ }
+ void removefirstspace(char **stri){/*, char stro[]) {*/
+   char *p1 = *stri, *p2 = *stri;
+   while (*p2 == ' ')
+     p2++;
+   /* while ((*p1++ = *p2++) !=0) */
+   /*   ; */
+   /* do */
+   /*   while (*p2 == ' ') */
+   /*     p2++; */
+   /* while (*p1++ == *p2++); */
+   *stri=p2;
+ }
+ int decoderesult ( char resultline[], int nres)
+ /**< This routine decode one result line and returns the combination # of dummy covariates only **/
+ {
+   int j=0, k=0, k1=0, k2=0, k3=0, k4=0, match=0, k2q=0, k3q=0, k4q=0;
+   char resultsav[MAXLINE];
+   int resultmodel[MAXLINE];
+   int modelresult[MAXLINE];
+   char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80];
+   removefirstspace(&resultline);
+   printf("decoderesult:%s\n",resultline);
+   if (strstr(resultline,"v") !=0){
+     printf("Error. 'v' must be in upper case 'V' result: %s ",resultline);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Error. 'v' must be in upper case result: %s ",resultline);fflush(ficlog);
+     return 1;
+   }
+   trimbb(resultsav, resultline);
+   if (strlen(resultsav) >1){
+     j=nbocc(resultsav,'='); /**< j=Number of covariate values'=' */
+   }
+   if(j == 0){ /* Resultline but no = */
+     TKresult[nres]=0; /* Combination for the nresult and the model */
+     return (0);
+   }
+   if( j != cptcovs ){ /* Be careful if a variable is in a product but not single */
+     printf("ERROR: the number of variable in the resultline, %d, differs from the number of variable used in the model line, %d.\n",j, cptcovs);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"ERROR: the number of variable in the resultline, %d, differs from the number of variable used in the model line, %d.\n",j, cptcovs);
+   }
+   for(k=1; k<=j;k++){ /* Loop on any covariate of the result line */
+     if(nbocc(resultsav,'=') >1){
+        cutl(stra,strb,resultsav,' '); /* keeps in strb after the first ' '
+                                       resultsav= V4=1 V5=25.1 V3=0 strb=V3=0 stra= V4=1 V5=25.1 */
+        cutl(strc,strd,strb,'=');  /* strb:V4=1 strc=1 strd=V4 */
+     }else
+       cutl(strc,strd,resultsav,'=');
+     Tvalsel[k]=atof(strc); /* 1 */
+     cutl(strc,stre,strd,'V'); /* strd='V4' strc=4 stre='V' */;
+     Tvarsel[k]=atoi(strc);
+     /* Typevarsel[k]=1;  /\* 1 for age product *\/ */
+     /* cptcovsel++;     */
+     if (nbocc(stra,'=') >0)
+       strcpy(resultsav,stra); /* and analyzes it */
+   }
+   /* Checking for missing or useless values in comparison of current model needs */
+   for(k1=1; k1<= cptcovt ;k1++){ /* model line V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+     if(Typevar[k1]==0){ /* Single covariate in model */
+       match=0;
+       for(k2=1; k2 <=j;k2++){/* result line V4=1 V5=24.1 V3=1  V2=8 V1=0 */
+         if(Tvar[k1]==Tvarsel[k2]) {/* Tvar[1]=5 == Tvarsel[2]=5   */
+           modelresult[k2]=k1;/* modelresult[2]=1 modelresult[1]=2  modelresult[3]=3  modelresult[6]=4 modelresult[9]=5 */
+           match=1;
+           break;
+         }
+       }
+       if(match == 0){
+         printf("Error in result line: %d value missing; result: %s, model=%s\n",k1, resultline, model);
+       }
+     }
+   }
+   /* Checking for missing or useless values in comparison of current model needs */
+   for(k2=1; k2 <=j;k2++){ /* result line V4=1 V5=24.1 V3=1  V2=8 V1=0 */
+     match=0;
+     for(k1=1; k1<= cptcovt ;k1++){ /* model line V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+       if(Typevar[k1]==0){ /* Single */
+         if(Tvar[k1]==Tvarsel[k2]) { /* Tvar[2]=4 == Tvarsel[1]=4   */
+           resultmodel[k1]=k2;  /* resultmodel[2]=1 resultmodel[1]=2  resultmodel[3]=3  resultmodel[6]=4 resultmodel[9]=5 */
+           ++match;
+         }
+       }
+     }
+     if(match == 0){
+       printf("Error in result line: %d value missing; result: %s, model=%s\n",k1, resultline, model);
+     }else if(match > 1){
+       printf("Error in result line: %d doubled; result: %s, model=%s\n",k2, resultline, model);
+     }
+   }
+   /* We need to deduce which combination number is chosen and save quantitative values */
+   /* model line V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+   /* result line V4=1 V5=25.1 V3=0  V2=8 V1=1 */
+   /* should give a combination of dummy V4=1, V3=0, V1=1 => V4*2**(0) + V3*2**(1) + V1*2**(2) = 5 + (1offset) = 6*/
+   /* result line V4=1 V5=24.1 V3=1  V2=8 V1=0 */
+   /* should give a combination of dummy V4=1, V3=1, V1=0 => V4*2**(0) + V3*2**(1) + V1*2**(2) = 3 + (1offset) = 4*/
+   /*    1 0 0 0 */
+   /*    2 1 0 0 */
+   /*    3 0 1 0 */
+   /*    4 1 1 0 */ /* V4=1, V3=1, V1=0 */
+   /*    5 0 0 1 */
+   /*    6 1 0 1 */ /* V4=1, V3=0, V1=1 */
+   /*    7 0 1 1 */
+   /*    8 1 1 1 */
+   /* V(Tvresult)=Tresult V4=1 V3=0 V1=1 Tresult[nres=1][2]=0 */
+   /* V(Tvqresult)=Tqresult V5=25.1 V2=8 Tqresult[nres=1][1]=25.1 */
+   /* V5*age V5 known which value for nres?  */
+   /* Tqinvresult[2]=8 Tqinvresult[1]=25.1  */
+   for(k1=1, k=0, k4=0, k4q=0; k1 <=cptcovt;k1++){ /* model line */
+     if( Dummy[k1]==0 && Typevar[k1]==0 ){ /* Single dummy */
+       k3= resultmodel[k1]; /* resultmodel[2(V4)] = 1=k3 */
+       k2=(int)Tvarsel[k3]; /*  Tvarsel[resultmodel[2]]= Tvarsel[1] = 4=k2 */
+       k+=Tvalsel[k3]*pow(2,k4);  /*  Tvalsel[1]=1  */
+       Tresult[nres][k4+1]=Tvalsel[k3];/* Tresult[nres][1]=1(V4=1)  Tresult[nres][2]=0(V3=0) */
+       Tvresult[nres][k4+1]=(int)Tvarsel[k3];/* Tvresult[nres][1]=4 Tvresult[nres][3]=1 */
+       Tinvresult[nres][(int)Tvarsel[k3]]=Tvalsel[k3]; /* Tinvresult[nres][4]=1 */
+       printf("Decoderesult Dummy k=%d, V(k2=V%d)= Tvalsel[%d]=%d, 2**(%d)\n",k, k2, k3, (int)Tvalsel[k3], k4);
+       k4++;;
+     }  else if( Dummy[k1]==1 && Typevar[k1]==0 ){ /* Single quantitative */
+       k3q= resultmodel[k1]; /* resultmodel[2] = 1=k3 */
+       k2q=(int)Tvarsel[k3q]; /*  Tvarsel[resultmodel[2]]= Tvarsel[1] = 4=k2 */
+       Tqresult[nres][k4q+1]=Tvalsel[k3q]; /* Tqresult[nres][1]=25.1 */
+       Tvqresult[nres][k4q+1]=(int)Tvarsel[k3q]; /* Tvqresult[nres][1]=5 */
+       Tqinvresult[nres][(int)Tvarsel[k3q]]=Tvalsel[k3q]; /* Tqinvresult[nres][5]=25.1 */
+       printf("Decoderesult Quantitative nres=%d, V(k2q=V%d)= Tvalsel[%d]=%d, Tvarsel[%d]=%f\n",nres, k2q, k3q, Tvarsel[k3q], k3q, Tvalsel[k3q]);
+       k4q++;;
+     }
+   }
+   TKresult[nres]=++k; /* Combination for the nresult and the model */
+   return (0);
  }
- void removespace(char *str) {
-   char *p1 = str, *p2 = str;
+ int decodemodel( char model[], int lastobs)
-   do
+  /**< This routine decodes the model and returns:
-     while (*p2 == ' ')
+         * Model  V1+V2+V3+V8+V7*V8+V5*V6+V8*age+V3*age+age*age
-       p2++;
+         * - nagesqr = 1 if age*age in the model, otherwise 0.
-   while (*p1++ = *p2++);
+         * - cptcovt total number of covariates of the model nbocc(+)+1 = 8 excepting constant and age and age*age
- }
+         * - cptcovn or number of covariates k of the models excluding age*products =6 and age*age
+         * - cptcovage number of covariates with age*products =2
- int decodemodel ( char model[], int lastobs) /**< This routine decode the model and returns:
+         * - cptcovs number of simple covariates
-    * Model  V1+V2+V3+V8+V7*V8+V5*V6+V8*age+V3*age
+         * - Tvar[k] is the id of the kth covariate Tvar[1]@12 {1, 2, 3, 8, 10, 11, 8, 3, 7, 8, 5, 6}, thus Tvar[5=V7*V8]=10
-    * - cptcovt total number of covariates of the model nbocc(+)+1 = 8
+         *     which is a new column after the 9 (ncovcol) variables.
-    * - cptcovn or number of covariates k of the models excluding age*products =6
+         * - if k is a product Vn*Vm covar[k][i] is filled with correct values for each individual
-    * - cptcovage number of covariates with age*products =2
+         * - Tprod[l] gives the kth covariates of the product Vn*Vm l=1 to cptcovprod-cptcovage
-    * - cptcovs number of simple covariates
+         *    Tprod[1]@2 {5, 6}: position of first product V7*V8 is 5, and second V5*V6 is 6.
-    * - Tvar[k] is the id of the kth covariate Tvar[1]@12 {1, 2, 3, 8, 10, 11, 8, 3, 7, 8, 5, 6}, thus Tvar[5=V7*V8]=10
+         * - Tvard[k]  p Tvard[1][1]@4 {7, 8, 5, 6} for V7*V8 and V5*V6 .
-    *     which is a new column after the 9 (ncovcol) variables.
+         */
-    * - if k is a product Vn*Vm covar[k][i] is filled with correct values for each individual
-    * - Tprod[l] gives the kth covariates of the product Vn*Vm l=1 to cptcovprod-cptcovage
-    *    Tprod[1]@2 {5, 6}: position of first product V7*V8 is 5, and second V5*V6 is 6.
-    * - Tvard[k]  p Tvard[1][1]@4 {7, 8, 5, 6} for V7*V8 and V5*V6 .
-  */
  {
-   int i, j, k, ks;
+   int i, j, k, ks, v;
-   int i1, j1, k1, k2;
+   int  j1, k1, k2, k3, k4;
    char modelsav[80];
    char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80];
+   char *strpt;
    /*removespace(model);*/
    if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
      j=0, j1=0, k1=0, k2=-1, ks=0, cptcovn=0;
-     j=nbocc(model,'+'); /**< j=Number of '+' */
-     j1=nbocc(model,'*'); /**< j1=Number of '*' */
-     cptcovs=j+1-j1; /**<  Number of simple covariates V1+V2*age+V3 +V3*V4=> V1 + V3 =2  */
-     cptcovt= j+1; /* Number of total covariates in the model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4=> 4*/
-                   /* including age products which are counted in cptcovage.
-                   /* but the covariates which are products must be treated separately: ncovn=4- 2=2 (V1+V3). */
-     cptcovprod=j1; /**< Number of products  V1*V2 +v3*age = 2 */
-     cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age: V3*V4 =1  */
-     strcpy(modelsav,model);
      if (strstr(model,"AGE") !=0){
-       printf("Error. AGE must be in lower case 'age' model=%s ",model);
+       printf("Error. AGE must be in lower case 'age' model=1+age+%s. ",model);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. AGE must be in lower case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. AGE must be in lower case model=1+age+%s. ",model);fflush(ficlog);
        return 1;
      }
      if (strstr(model,"v") !=0){
- Line 5167  int decodemodel ( char model[], int last
+ Line 9457  int decodemodel ( char model[], int last
        fprintf(ficlog,"Error. 'v' must be in upper case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
        return 1;
      }
+     strcpy(modelsav,model);
-     /*   Design
+     if ((strpt=strstr(model,"age*age")) !=0){
-      *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9 Weight
+       printf(" strpt=%s, model=%s\n",strpt, model);
-      *  <          ncovcol=8                >
+       if(strpt != model){
-      * Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8
+         printf("Error in model: 'model=%s'; 'age*age' should in first place before other covariates\n \
-      *   k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8
+  'model=1+age+age*age+V1.' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age.', please swap as well as \n \
-      *  cptcovn number of covariates (not including constant and age ) = # of + plus 1 = 7+1=8
+  corresponding column of parameters.\n",model);
-      *  covar[k,i], value of kth covariate if not including age for individual i:
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error in model: 'model=%s'; 'age*age' should in first place before other covariates\n \
-      *       covar[1][i]= (V2), covar[4][i]=(V3), covar[8][i]=(V8)
+  'model=1+age+age*age+V1.' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age.', please swap as well as \n \
-      *  Tvar[k] # of the kth covariate:  Tvar[1]=2  Tvar[4]=3 Tvar[8]=8
+  corresponding column of parameters.\n",model); fflush(ficlog);
-      *       if multiplied by age: V3*age Tvar[3=V3*age]=3 (V3) Tvar[7]=8 and
+         return 1;
-      *  Tage[++cptcovage]=k
+       }
-      *       if products, new covar are created after ncovcol with k1
+       nagesqr=1;
-      *  Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; # of the kth covariate product:  Tvar[5]=ncovcol+1=10  Tvar[6]=ncovcol+1=11
+       if (strstr(model,"+age*age") !=0)
-      *  Tprod[k1]=k; Tprod[1]=5 Tprod[2]= 6; gives the position of the k1th product
+         substrchaine(modelsav, model, "+age*age");
-      *  Tvard[k1][1]=m Tvard[k1][2]=m; Tvard[1][1]=5 (V5) Tvard[1][2]=6 Tvard[2][1]=7 (V7) Tvard[2][2]=8
+       else if (strstr(model,"age*age+") !=0)
-      *  Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];
+         substrchaine(modelsav, model, "age*age+");
-      *  Tvar[8+1]=5;Tvar[8+2]=6;Tvar[8+3]=7;Tvar[8+4]=8 inverted
+       else
-      *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9  V10  V11
+         substrchaine(modelsav, model, "age*age");
-      *  <          ncovcol=8                >
+     }else
-      *       Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8    d1   d1   d2  d2
+       nagesqr=0;
-      *          k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8    9   10   11  12
+     if (strlen(modelsav) >1){
-      *     Tvar[k]= 2    1      3       3    10      11      8        8    5    6    7   8
+       j=nbocc(modelsav,'+'); /**< j=Number of '+' */
-      * p Tvar[1]@12={2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
+       j1=nbocc(modelsav,'*'); /**< j1=Number of '*' */
-      * p Tprod[1]@2={                         6, 5}
+       cptcovs=j+1-j1; /**<  Number of simple covariates V1+V1*age+V3 +V3*V4+age*age=> V1 + V3 =5-3=2  */
-      *p Tvard[1][1]@4= {7, 8, 5, 6}
+       cptcovt= j+1; /* Number of total covariates in the model, not including
-      * covar[k][i]= V2   V1      ?      V3    V5*V6?   V7*V8?  ?       V8
+                      * cst, age and age*age
-      *  cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+                      * V1+V1*age+ V3 + V3*V4+age*age=> 3+1=4*/
-      *How to reorganize?
+       /* including age products which are counted in cptcovage.
-      * Model V1 + V2 + V3 + V8 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V3*age + V8*age
+        * but the covariates which are products must be treated
-      * Tvars {2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
+        * separately: ncovn=4- 2=2 (V1+V3). */
-      *       {2,   1,     4,      8,    5,      6,     3,       7}
+       cptcovprod=j1; /**< Number of products  V1*V2 +v3*age = 2 */
-      * Struct []
+       cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age: V3*V4 =1  */
-      */
-     /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
+       /*   Design
-     /* j is the number of + signs in the model V1+V2+V3 j=2 i=3 to 1 */
+        *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9 Weight
-     /*   modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4  */
+        *  <          ncovcol=8                >
-     /*  k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tage[cptcovage=1]=4 */
+        * Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8
-     /*  k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4) */
+        *   k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8
-     /*  k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1) */
+        *  cptcovn number of covariates (not including constant and age ) = # of + plus 1 = 7+1=8
-     /*  k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2) */
+        *  covar[k,i], value of kth covariate if not including age for individual i:
-     /*  k=5 Tvar[5] */
+        *       covar[1][i]= (V1), covar[4][i]=(V4), covar[8][i]=(V8)
-     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
+        *  Tvar[k] # of the kth covariate:  Tvar[1]=2  Tvar[2]=1 Tvar[4]=3 Tvar[8]=8
-     /*  cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]]; */
+        *       if multiplied by age: V3*age Tvar[3=V3*age]=3 (V3) Tvar[7]=8 and
-     /*  } */
+        *  Tage[++cptcovage]=k
-     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
+        *       if products, new covar are created after ncovcol with k1
-     /*
+        *  Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; # of the kth covariate product:  Tvar[5]=ncovcol+1=10  Tvar[6]=ncovcol+1=11
-      * Treating invertedly V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is as if written V2*V4 +V3*age + V1 + V2 */
+        *  Tprod[k1]=k; Tprod[1]=5 Tprod[2]= 6; gives the position of the k1th product
-     for(k=cptcovt; k>=1;k--) /**< Number of covariates */
+        *  Tvard[k1][1]=m Tvard[k1][2]=m; Tvard[1][1]=5 (V5) Tvard[1][2]=6 Tvard[2][1]=7 (V7) Tvard[2][2]=8
-         Tvar[k]=0;
+        *  Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];
-     cptcovage=0;
+        *  Tvar[8+1]=5;Tvar[8+2]=6;Tvar[8+3]=7;Tvar[8+4]=8 inverted
-     for(k=1; k<=cptcovt;k++){ /* Loop on total covariates of the model */
+        *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9  V10  V11
-       cutl(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the first '+'
+        *  <          ncovcol=8                >
-                                      modelsav==V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age stra=V2+V1+V4 */
+        *       Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8    d1   d1   d2  d2
-       if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
+        *          k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8    9   10   11  12
-       /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
+        *     Tvar[k]= 2    1      3       3    10      11      8        8    5    6    7   8
-       /*scanf("%d",i);*/
+        * p Tvar[1]@12={2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
-       if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /**< Model includes a product V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age */
+        * p Tprod[1]@2={                         6, 5}
-         cutl(strc,strd,strb,'*'); /**< strd*strc  Vm*Vn: strb=V3*age(input) strc=age strd=V3 ; V3*V2 strc=V2, strd=V3 */
+        *p Tvard[1][1]@4= {7, 8, 5, 6}
-         if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /**< Model includes age: Vn*age */
+        * covar[k][i]= V2   V1      ?      V3    V5*V6?   V7*V8?  ?       V8
-           /* covar is not filled and then is empty */
+        *  cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-           cptcovprod--;
+        *How to reorganize?
-           cutl(stre,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd=V3(input): stre="3" */
+        * Model V1 + V2 + V3 + V8 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V3*age + V8*age
-           Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);  /* V2+V1+V4+V3*age Tvar[4]=3 ; V1+V2*age Tvar[2]=2 */
+        * Tvars {2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
-           cptcovage++; /* Sums the number of covariates which include age as a product */
+        *       {2,   1,     4,      8,    5,      6,     3,       7}
-           Tage[cptcovage]=k;  /* Tage[1] = 4 */
+        * Struct []
-           /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
+        */
-         } else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
-           cptcovprod--;
+       /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
-           cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V');
+       /* j is the number of + signs in the model V1+V2+V3 j=2 i=3 to 1 */
-           Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);
+       /*   modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4  */
-           cptcovage++;
+       /*        k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tage[cptcovage=1]=4 */
-           Tage[cptcovage]=k;
+       /*        k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4) */
-         } else {  /* Age is not in the model product V2+V1+V1*V4+V3*age+V3*V2  strb=V3*V2*/
+       /*        k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1) */
-           /* loops on k1=1 (V3*V2) and k1=2 V4*V3 */
+       /*        k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2) */
-           cptcovn++;
+       /*        k=5 Tvar[5] */
-           cptcovprodnoage++;k1++;
+       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
-           cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n; strb=V3*V2 stre=3 strc=*/
+       /*        cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtabm(ij,Tvar[k])]; */
-           Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
+       /*        } */
-                                   because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
+       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtabm(ij,Tvar[Tage[k])]]*cov[2]; */
-                                   ncovcol + k1
+       /*
-                                   If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2
+        * Treating invertedly V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is as if written V2*V4 +V3*age + V1 + V2 */
-                                   Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 Tvar[5=V3*V2]=4 + 2= 6, etc */
+       for(k=cptcovt; k>=1;k--){ /**< Number of covariates not including constant and age, neither age*age*/
-           cutl(strc,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
+         Tvar[k]=0; Tprod[k]=0; Tposprod[k]=0;
-           Tprod[k1]=k;  /* Tprod[1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2  */
+       }
-           Tvard[k1][1] =atoi(strc); /* m 1 for V1*/
+       cptcovage=0;
-           Tvard[k1][2] =atoi(stre); /* n 4 for V4*/
+       for(k=1; k<=cptcovt;k++){ /* Loop on total covariates of the model */
-           k2=k2+2;
+         cutl(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the first '+'
-           Tvar[cptcovt+k2]=Tvard[k1][1]; /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+k2=1)=5]= 1 (V1) */
+                                          modelsav==V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age stra=V2+V1+V4 */
-           Tvar[cptcovt+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];  /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+(k2=1)+1)=6]= 4 (V4) */
+         if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
-           for (i=1; i<=lastobs;i++){
+         /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
-             /* Computes the new covariate which is a product of
+         /*scanf("%d",i);*/
-                covar[n][i]* covar[m][i] and stores it at ncovol+k1 May not be defined */
+         if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /**< Model includes a product V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age */
-             covar[ncovcol+k1][i]=covar[atoi(stre)][i]*covar[atoi(strc)][i];
+           cutl(strc,strd,strb,'*'); /**< strd*strc  Vm*Vn: strb=V3*age(input) strc=age strd=V3 ; V3*V2 strc=V2, strd=V3 */
-           }
+           if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /**< Model includes age: Vn*age */
-         } /* End age is not in the model */
+             /* covar is not filled and then is empty */
-       } /* End if model includes a product */
+             cptcovprod--;
-       else { /* no more sum */
+             cutl(stre,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd=V3(input): stre="3" */
-         /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
+             Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);  /* V2+V1+V4+V3*age Tvar[4]=3 ; V1+V2*age Tvar[2]=2; V1+V1*age Tvar[2]=1 */
-        /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
+             Typevar[k]=1;  /* 1 for age product */
-         cutl(strd,strc,strb,'V');
+             cptcovage++; /* Sums the number of covariates which include age as a product */
-         ks++; /**< Number of simple covariates */
+             Tage[cptcovage]=k;  /* Tvar[4]=3, Tage[1] = 4 or V1+V1*age Tvar[2]=1, Tage[1]=2 */
-         cptcovn++;
+             /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
-         Tvar[k]=atoi(strd);
+           } else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
-       }
+             cptcovprod--;
-       strcpy(modelsav,stra);  /* modelsav=V2+V1+V4 stra=V2+V1+V4 */
+             cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V');
-       /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
+             Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);
-         scanf("%d",i);*/
+             Typevar[k]=1;  /* 1 for age product */
-     } /* end of loop + */
+             cptcovage++;
-   } /* end model */
+             Tage[cptcovage]=k;
+           } else {  /* Age is not in the model product V2+V1+V1*V4+V3*age+V3*V2  strb=V3*V2*/
+             /* loops on k1=1 (V3*V2) and k1=2 V4*V3 */
+             cptcovn++;
+             cptcovprodnoage++;k1++;
+             cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n; strb=V3*V2 stre=3 strc=*/
+             Tvar[k]=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv+k1; /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
+                                                 because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
+                                                 which is after existing variables ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv + k1
+                                                 If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2
+                                                 Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 Tvar[5=V3*V2]=4 + 2= 6, etc */
+             Typevar[k]=2;  /* 2 for double fixed dummy covariates */
+             cutl(strc,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
+             Tprod[k1]=k;  /* Tprod[1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2  */
+             Tposprod[k]=k1; /* Tpsprod[3]=1, Tposprod[2]=5 */
+             Tvard[k1][1] =atoi(strc); /* m 1 for V1*/
+             Tvard[k1][2] =atoi(stre); /* n 4 for V4*/
+             k2=k2+2;  /* k2 is initialize to -1, We want to store the n and m in Vn*Vm at the end of Tvar */
+             /* Tvar[cptcovt+k2]=Tvard[k1][1]; /\* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+k2=1)=5]= 1 (V1) *\/ */
+             /* Tvar[cptcovt+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];  /\* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+(k2=1)+1)=6]= 4 (V4) *\/ */
+             /*ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2, Tvar[3]=5, Tvar[4]=6, cptcovt=5 */
+             /*                     1  2   3      4     5 | Tvar[5+1)=1, Tvar[7]=2   */
+             for (i=1; i<=lastobs;i++){
+               /* Computes the new covariate which is a product of
+                  covar[n][i]* covar[m][i] and stores it at ncovol+k1 May not be defined */
+               covar[ncovcol+k1][i]=covar[atoi(stre)][i]*covar[atoi(strc)][i];
+             }
+           } /* End age is not in the model */
+         } /* End if model includes a product */
+         else { /* no more sum */
+           /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
+           /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
+           cutl(strd,strc,strb,'V');
+           ks++; /**< Number of simple covariates dummy or quantitative, fixe or varying */
+           cptcovn++; /** V4+V3+V5: V4 and V3 timevarying dummy covariates, V5 timevarying quantitative */
+           Tvar[k]=atoi(strd);
+           Typevar[k]=0;  /* 0 for simple covariates */
+         }
+         strcpy(modelsav,stra);  /* modelsav=V2+V1+V4 stra=V2+V1+V4 */
+                                 /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
+                                   scanf("%d",i);*/
+       } /* end of loop + on total covariates */
+     } /* end if strlen(modelsave == 0) age*age might exist */
+   } /* end if strlen(model == 0) */
    /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
      If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
    /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
-   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
+      printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
+      fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
+      scanf("%d ",i);*/
-   scanf("%d ",i);*/
+ /* Until here, decodemodel knows only the grammar (simple, product, age*) of the model but not what kind
+    of variable (dummy vs quantitative, fixed vs time varying) is behind. But we know the # of each. */
+ /* ncovcol= 1, nqv=1 | ntv=2, nqtv= 1  = 5 possible variables data: 2 fixed 3, varying
+    model=        V5 + V4 +V3 + V4*V3 + V5*age + V2 + V1*V2 + V1*age + V5*age, V1 is not used saving its place
+    k =           1    2   3     4       5       6      7      8        9
+    Tvar[k]=      5    4   3 1+1+2+1+1=6 5       2      7      1        5
+    Typevar[k]=   0    0   0     2       1       0      2      1        1
+    Fixed[k]      1    1   1     1       3       0    0 or 2   2        3
+    Dummy[k]      1    0   0     0       3       1      1      2        3
+           Tmodelind[combination of covar]=k;
+ */
+ /* Dispatching between quantitative and time varying covariates */
+   /* If Tvar[k] >ncovcol it is a product */
+   /* Tvar[k] is the value n of Vn with n varying for 1 to nvcol, or p  Vp=Vn*Vm for product */
+         /* Computing effective variables, ie used by the model, that is from the cptcovt variables */
+   printf("Model=%s\n\
+ Typevar: 0 for simple covariate (dummy, quantitative, fixed or varying), 1 for age product, 2 for  product \n\
+ Fixed[k] 0=fixed (product or simple), 1 varying, 2 fixed with age product, 3 varying with age product \n\
+ Dummy[k] 0=dummy (0 1), 1 quantitative (single or product without age), 2 dummy with age product, 3 quant with age product\n",model);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Model=%s\n\
+ Typevar: 0 for simple covariate (dummy, quantitative, fixed or varying), 1 for age product, 2 for  product \n\
+ Fixed[k] 0=fixed (product or simple), 1 varying, 2 fixed with age product, 3 varying with age product \n\
+ Dummy[k] 0=dummy (0 1), 1 quantitative (single or product without age), 2 dummy with age product, 3 quant with age product\n",model);
+   for(k=1;k<=cptcovt; k++){ Fixed[k]=0; Dummy[k]=0;}
+   for(k=1, ncovf=0, nsd=0, nsq=0, ncovv=0, ncova=0, ncoveff=0, nqfveff=0, ntveff=0, nqtveff=0;k<=cptcovt; k++){ /* or cptocvt */
+     if (Tvar[k] <=ncovcol && Typevar[k]==0 ){ /* Simple fixed dummy (<=ncovcol) covariates */
+       Fixed[k]= 0;
+       Dummy[k]= 0;
+       ncoveff++;
+       ncovf++;
+       nsd++;
+       modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+       TvarsD[nsd]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarsDind[nsd]=k;
+       TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+       TvarFD[ncoveff]=Tvar[k]; /* TvarFD[1]=V1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+       TvarFDind[ncoveff]=k; /* TvarFDind[1]=9 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+     }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol &&  Typevar[k]==2){ /* Product of fixed dummy (<=ncovcol) covariates */
+       Fixed[k]= 0;
+       Dummy[k]= 0;
+       ncoveff++;
+       ncovf++;
+       modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+       TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+       TvarFD[ncoveff]=Tvar[k]; /* TvarFD[1]=V1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+       TvarFDind[ncoveff]=k; /* TvarFDind[1]=9 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */
+     }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv && Typevar[k]==0){/* Remind that product Vn*Vm are added in k Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+       Fixed[k]= 0;
+       Dummy[k]= 1;
+       nqfveff++;
+       modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+       modell[k].subtype= FQ;
+       nsq++;
+       TvarsQ[nsq]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarsQind[nsq]=k;
+       ncovf++;
+       TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+       TvarFQ[nqfveff]=Tvar[k]-ncovcol; /* TvarFQ[1]=V2-1=1st in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+       TvarFQind[nqfveff]=k; /* TvarFQind[1]=6 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple fixed quantitative variable */
+     }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv && Typevar[k]==0){/* Only simple time varying dummy variables */
+       Fixed[k]= 1;
+       Dummy[k]= 0;
+       ntveff++; /* Only simple time varying dummy variable */
+       modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+       modell[k].subtype= VD;
+       nsd++;
+       TvarsD[nsd]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarsDind[nsd]=k;
+       ncovv++; /* Only simple time varying variables */
+       TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarVind[ncovv]=k; /* TvarVind[2]=2  TvarVind[3]=3 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Any time varying singele */
+       TvarVD[ntveff]=Tvar[k]; /* TvarVD[1]=V4  TvarVD[2]=V3 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying dummy variable */
+       TvarVDind[ntveff]=k; /* TvarVDind[1]=2 TvarVDind[2]=3 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying dummy variable */
+       printf("Quasi Tmodelind[%d]=%d,Tvar[Tmodelind[%d]]=V%d, ncovcol=%d, nqv=%d,Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv=%d\n",ntveff,k,ntveff,Tvar[k], ncovcol, nqv,Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv);
+       printf("Quasi TmodelInvind[%d]=%d\n",k,Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv);
+     }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv  && Typevar[k]==0){ /* Only simple time varying quantitative variable V5*/
+       Fixed[k]= 1;
+       Dummy[k]= 1;
+       nqtveff++;
+       modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+       modell[k].subtype= VQ;
+       ncovv++; /* Only simple time varying variables */
+       nsq++;
+       TvarsQ[nsq]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarsQind[nsq]=k;
+       TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarVind[ncovv]=k; /* TvarVind[1]=1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Any time varying singele */
+       TvarVQ[nqtveff]=Tvar[k]; /* TvarVQ[1]=V5 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying quantitative variable */
+       TvarVQind[nqtveff]=k; /* TvarVQind[1]=1 in V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 */ /* Only simple time varying quantitative variable */
+       TmodelInvQind[nqtveff]=Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv-ntv;/* Only simple time varying quantitative variable */
+       /* Tmodeliqind[k]=nqtveff;/\* Only simple time varying quantitative variable *\/ */
+       printf("Quasi TmodelQind[%d]=%d,Tvar[TmodelQind[%d]]=V%d, ncovcol=%d, nqv=%d, ntv=%d,Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv-ntv=%d\n",nqtveff,k,nqtveff,Tvar[k], ncovcol, nqv, ntv, Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv-ntv);
+       printf("Quasi TmodelInvQind[%d]=%d\n",k,Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv-ntv);
+     }else if (Typevar[k] == 1) {  /* product with age */
+       ncova++;
+       TvarA[ncova]=Tvar[k];
+       TvarAind[ncova]=k;
+       if (Tvar[k] <=ncovcol ){ /* Product age with fixed dummy covariatee */
+         Fixed[k]= 2;
+         Dummy[k]= 2;
+         modell[k].maintype= ATYPE;
+         modell[k].subtype= APFD;
+         /* ncoveff++; */
+       }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv) { /* Remind that product Vn*Vm are added in k*/
+         Fixed[k]= 2;
+         Dummy[k]= 3;
+         modell[k].maintype= ATYPE;
+         modell[k].subtype= APFQ;                /*      Product age * fixed quantitative */
+         /* nqfveff++;  /\* Only simple fixed quantitative variable *\/ */
+       }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv ){
+         Fixed[k]= 3;
+         Dummy[k]= 2;
+         modell[k].maintype= ATYPE;
+         modell[k].subtype= APVD;                /*      Product age * varying dummy */
+         /* ntveff++; /\* Only simple time varying dummy variable *\/ */
+       }else if( Tvar[k] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+         Fixed[k]= 3;
+         Dummy[k]= 3;
+         modell[k].maintype= ATYPE;
+         modell[k].subtype= APVQ;                /*      Product age * varying quantitative */
+         /* nqtveff++;/\* Only simple time varying quantitative variable *\/ */
+       }
+     }else if (Typevar[k] == 2) {  /* product without age */
+       k1=Tposprod[k];
+       if(Tvard[k1][1] <=ncovcol){
+         if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 0;
+           modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= FPDD;              /*      Product fixed dummy * fixed dummy */
+           ncovf++; /* Fixed variables without age */
+           TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv){
+           Fixed[k]= 0;  /* or 2 ?*/
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= FPDQ;              /*      Product fixed dummy * fixed quantitative */
+           ncovf++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 0;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDD;              /*      Product fixed dummy * varying dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product fixed dummy * varying quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }
+       }else if(Tvard[k1][1] <=ncovcol+nqv){
+         if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol){
+           Fixed[k]= 0;  /* or 2 ?*/
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= FTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= FPDQ;              /*      Product fixed quantitative * fixed dummy */
+           ncovf++; /* Fixed variables without age */
+           TvarF[ncovf]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarFind[ncovf]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product fixed quantitative * varying dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPQQ;              /*      Product fixed quantitative * varying quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }
+       }else if(Tvard[k1][1] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv){
+         if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDD;              /*      Product time varying dummy * fixed dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product time varying dummy * fixed quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 0;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDD;              /*      Product time varying dummy * time varying dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product time varying dummy * time varying quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }
+       }else if(Tvard[k1][1] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+         if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product time varying quantitative * fixed dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPQQ;              /*      Product time varying quantitative * fixed quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPDQ;              /*      Product time varying quantitative * time varying dummy */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }else if(Tvard[k1][2] <=ncovcol+nqv+ntv+nqtv){
+           Fixed[k]= 1;
+           Dummy[k]= 1;
+           modell[k].maintype= VTYPE;
+           modell[k].subtype= VPQQ;              /*      Product time varying quantitative * time varying quantitative */
+           ncovv++; /* Varying variables without age */
+           TvarV[ncovv]=Tvar[k];
+           TvarVind[ncovv]=k;
+         }
+       }else{
+         printf("Error unknown type of covariate: Tvard[%d][1]=%d,Tvard[%d][2]=%d\n",k1,Tvard[k1][1],k1,Tvard[k1][2]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error unknown type of covariate: Tvard[%d][1]=%d,Tvard[%d][2]=%d\n",k1,Tvard[k1][1],k1,Tvard[k1][2]);
+       } /*end k1*/
+     }else{
+       printf("Error, current version can't treat for performance reasons, Tvar[%d]=%d, Typevar[%d]=%d\n", k, Tvar[k], k, Typevar[k]);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error, current version can't treat for performance reasons, Tvar[%d]=%d, Typevar[%d]=%d\n", k, Tvar[k], k, Typevar[k]);
+     }
+     printf("Decodemodel, k=%d, Tvar[%d]=V%d,Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n",k, k,Tvar[k],Typevar[k],Fixed[k],Dummy[k]);
+     printf("           modell[%d].maintype=%d, modell[%d].subtype=%d\n",k,modell[k].maintype,k,modell[k].subtype);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Decodemodel, k=%d, Tvar[%d]=V%d,Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n",k, k,Tvar[k],Typevar[k],Fixed[k],Dummy[k]);
+   }
+   /* Searching for doublons in the model */
+   for(k1=1; k1<= cptcovt;k1++){
+     for(k2=1; k2 <k1;k2++){
+       if((Typevar[k1]==Typevar[k2]) && (Fixed[Tvar[k1]]==Fixed[Tvar[k2]]) && (Dummy[Tvar[k1]]==Dummy[Tvar[k2]] )){
+         if((Typevar[k1] == 0 || Typevar[k1] == 1)){ /* Simple or age product */
+           if(Tvar[k1]==Tvar[k2]){
+             printf("Error duplication in the model=%s at positions (+) %d and %d, Tvar[%d]=V%d, Tvar[%d]=V%d, Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n", model, k1,k2, k1, Tvar[k1], k2, Tvar[k2],Typevar[k1],Fixed[Tvar[k1]],Dummy[Tvar[k1]]);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error duplication in the model=%s at positions (+) %d and %d, Tvar[%d]=V%d, Tvar[%d]=V%d, Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n", model, k1,k2, k1, Tvar[k1], k2, Tvar[k2],Typevar[k1],Fixed[Tvar[k1]],Dummy[Tvar[k1]]); fflush(ficlog);
+             return(1);
+           }
+         }else if (Typevar[k1] ==2){
+           k3=Tposprod[k1];
+           k4=Tposprod[k2];
+           if( ((Tvard[k3][1]== Tvard[k4][1])&&(Tvard[k3][2]== Tvard[k4][2])) || ((Tvard[k3][1]== Tvard[k4][2])&&(Tvard[k3][2]== Tvard[k4][1])) ){
+             printf("Error duplication in the model=%s at positions (+) %d and %d, V%d*V%d, Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n",model, k1,k2, Tvard[k3][1], Tvard[k3][2],Typevar[k1],Fixed[Tvar[k1]],Dummy[Tvar[k1]]);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error duplication in the model=%s at positions (+) %d and %d, V%d*V%d, Typevar=%d, Fixed=%d, Dummy=%d\n",model, k1,k2, Tvard[k3][1], Tvard[k3][2],Typevar[k1],Fixed[Tvar[k1]],Dummy[Tvar[k1]]); fflush(ficlog);
+             return(1);
+           }
+         }
+       }
+     }
+   }
+   printf("ncoveff=%d, nqfveff=%d, ntveff=%d, nqtveff=%d, cptcovn=%d\n",ncoveff,nqfveff,ntveff,nqtveff,cptcovn);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"ncoveff=%d, nqfveff=%d, ntveff=%d, nqtveff=%d, cptcovn=%d\n",ncoveff,nqfveff,ntveff,nqtveff,cptcovn);
+   printf("ncovf=%d, ncovv=%d, ncova=%d, nsd=%d, nsq=%d\n",ncovf,ncovv,ncova,nsd,nsq);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"ncovf=%d, ncovv=%d, ncova=%d, nsd=%d, nsq=%d\n",ncovf,ncovv,ncova,nsd, nsq);
    return (0); /* with covar[new additional covariate if product] and Tage if age */
-   endread:
+   /*endread:*/
-     printf("Exiting decodemodel: ");
+   printf("Exiting decodemodel: ");
-     return (1);
+   return (1);
  }
- calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, double *agemin, double *agemax, int *nberr, int *nbwarn )
+ int calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, double *agemin, double *agemax, int *nberr, int *nbwarn )
- {
+ {/* Check ages at death */
    int i, m;
+   int firstone=0;
    for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
      for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
        if (((int)mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
          anint[m][i]=9999;
-         s[m][i]=-1;
+         if (s[m][i] != -2) /* Keeping initial status of unknown vital status */
+           s[m][i]=-1;
        }
        if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]==9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
-         *nberr++;
+         *nberr = *nberr + 1;
-         printf("Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
+         if(firstone == 0){
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
+           firstone=1;
-         s[m][i]=-1;
+         printf("Warning (#%d)! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown but status is a death state %d at wave %d. If you don't know the vital status, please enter -2. If he/she is still alive but don't know the state, please code with '-1 or '.'. Here, we do not believe in a death, skipped.\nOther similar cases in log file\n", *nberr,(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i,s[m][i],m);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Warning (#%d)! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown but status is a death state %d at wave %d. If you don't know the vital status, please enter -2. If he/she is still alive but don't know the state, please code with '-1 or '.'. Here, we do not believe in a death, skipped.\n", *nberr,(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i,s[m][i],m);
+         s[m][i]=-1;  /* Droping the death status */
        }
        if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
-         *nberr++;
+         (*nberr)++;
-         printf("Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %2d, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i]);
+         printf("Error (#%d)! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown (%2d) (year of death is %4d) and status is a death state %d at wave %d. Please impute an arbitrary (or not) month and rerun. Currently this transition to death will be skipped (status is set to -2).\nOther similar cases in log file\n", *nberr, num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],s[m][i],m);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %f, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,moisdc[i]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error (#%d)! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown (%2d) (year of death is %4d) and status is a death state %d at wave %d. Please impute an arbitrary (or not) month and rerun. Currently this transition to death will be skipped (status is set to -2).\n", *nberr, num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],s[m][i],m);
-         s[m][i]=-1; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
+         s[m][i]=-2; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
        }
      }
    }
- Line 5323  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
+ Line 9956  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
    for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
      agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
      for(m=firstpass; (m<= lastpass); m++){
-       if(s[m][i] >0 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){
+       if(s[m][i] >0  || s[m][i]==-1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){ /* What if s[m][i]=-1 */
          if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
-           if(agedc[i]>0)
+           if(agedc[i]>0){
-             if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999)
+             if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999){
                agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
-           /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
+               /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
-             else {
+             }else {
                if ((int)andc[i]!=9999){
                  nbwarn++;
                  printf("Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
- Line 5337  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
+ Line 9970  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
                  agev[m][i]=-1;
                }
              }
-         }
+           } /* agedc > 0 */
+         } /* end if */
          else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Standard case, age in fractional
                                   years but with the precision of a month */
            agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
- Line 5353  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
+ Line 9987  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
            }
            /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
            /*     agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
-         }
+         } /* en if 9*/
          else { /* =9 */
+           /* printf("Debug num[%d]=%ld s[%d][%d]=%d\n",i,num[i], m,i, s[m][i]); */
            agev[m][i]=1;
            s[m][i]=-1;
          }
        }
-       else /*= 0 Unknown */
+       else if(s[m][i]==0) /*= 0 Unknown */
          agev[m][i]=1;
-     }
+       else{
+         printf("Warning, num[%d]=%ld, s[%d][%d]=%d\n", i, num[i], m, i,s[m][i]);
+         fprintf(ficlog, "Warning, num[%d]=%ld, s[%d][%d]=%d\n", i, num[i], m, i,s[m][i]);
+         agev[m][i]=0;
+       }
+     } /* End for lastpass */
    }
    for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
      for(m=firstpass; (m<=lastpass); m++){
        if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
-         *nberr++;
+         (*nberr)++;
          printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
          fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
          return 1;
- Line 5387  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
+ Line 10027  calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, dou
    fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax);
    return (0);
-   endread:
+  /* endread:*/
      printf("Exiting calandcheckages: ");
      return (1);
  }
+ #if defined(_MSC_VER)
+ /*printf("Visual C++ compiler: %s \n;", _MSC_FULL_VER);*/
+ /*fprintf(ficlog, "Visual C++ compiler: %s \n;", _MSC_FULL_VER);*/
+ //#include "stdafx.h"
+ //#include <stdio.h>
+ //#include <tchar.h>
+ //#include <windows.h>
+ //#include <iostream>
+ typedef BOOL(WINAPI *LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS) (HANDLE, PBOOL);
+ LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS fnIsWow64Process;
+ BOOL IsWow64()
+ {
+         BOOL bIsWow64 = FALSE;
+         //typedef BOOL (APIENTRY *LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS)
+         //  (HANDLE, PBOOL);
+         //LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS fnIsWow64Process;
+         HMODULE module = GetModuleHandle(_T("kernel32"));
+         const char funcName[] = "IsWow64Process";
+         fnIsWow64Process = (LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS)
+                 GetProcAddress(module, funcName);
+         if (NULL != fnIsWow64Process)
+         {
+                 if (!fnIsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(),
+                         &bIsWow64))
+                         //throw std::exception("Unknown error");
+                         printf("Unknown error\n");
+         }
+         return bIsWow64 != FALSE;
+ }
+ #endif
+ void syscompilerinfo(int logged)
+  {
+    /* #include "syscompilerinfo.h"*/
+    /* command line Intel compiler 32bit windows, XP compatible:*/
+    /* /GS /W3 /Gy
+       /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O2 /Fd"Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D
+       "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_USING_V110_SDK71_" /D "_UNICODE" /D
+       "UNICODE" /Qipo /Zc:forScope /Gd /Oi /MT /Fa"Release\" /EHsc /nologo
+       /Fo"Release\" /Qprof-dir "Release\" /Fp"Release\IMaCh.pch"
+    */
+    /* 64 bits */
+    /*
+      /GS /W3 /Gy
+      /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O2 /Fd"x64\Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG"
+      /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE" /Qipo /Zc:forScope
+      /Oi /MD /Fa"x64\Release\" /EHsc /nologo /Fo"x64\Release\" /Qprof-dir
+      "x64\Release\" /Fp"x64\Release\IMaCh.pch" */
+    /* Optimization are useless and O3 is slower than O2 */
+    /*
+      /GS /W3 /Gy /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O3 /Fd"x64\Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32"
+      /D "NDEBUG" /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE" /Qipo
+      /Zc:forScope /Oi /MD /Fa"x64\Release\" /EHsc /nologo /Qparallel
+      /Fo"x64\Release\" /Qprof-dir "x64\Release\" /Fp"x64\Release\IMaCh.pch"
+    */
+    /* Link is */ /* /OUT:"visual studio
+\Projects\IMaCh\Release\IMaCh.exe" /MANIFEST /NXCOMPAT
+       /PDB:"visual studio
+\Projects\IMaCh\Release\IMaCh.pdb" /DYNAMICBASE
+       "kernel32.lib" "user32.lib" "gdi32.lib" "winspool.lib"
+       "comdlg32.lib" "advapi32.lib" "shell32.lib" "ole32.lib"
+       "oleaut32.lib" "uuid.lib" "odbc32.lib" "odbccp32.lib"
+       /MACHINE:X86 /OPT:REF /SAFESEH /INCREMENTAL:NO
+       /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE",5.01" /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker'
+       uiAccess='false'"
+       /ManifestFile:"Release\IMaCh.exe.intermediate.manifest" /OPT:ICF
+       /NOLOGO /TLBID:1
+    */
+ #if defined __INTEL_COMPILER
+ #if defined(__GNUC__)
+         struct utsname sysInfo;  /* For Intel on Linux and OS/X */
+ #endif
+ #elif defined(__GNUC__)
+ #ifndef  __APPLE__
+ #include <gnu/libc-version.h>  /* Only on gnu */
+ #endif
+    struct utsname sysInfo;
+    int cross = CROSS;
+    if (cross){
+            printf("Cross-");
+            if(logged) fprintf(ficlog, "Cross-");
+    }
+ #endif
+ #include <stdint.h>
+    printf("Compiled with:");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog,"Compiled with:");
+ #if defined(__clang__)
+    printf(" Clang/LLVM");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog," Clang/LLVM");       /* Clang/LLVM. ---------------------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    printf(" Intel ICC/ICPC");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog," Intel ICC/ICPC");/* Intel ICC/ICPC. ------------------------------------------ */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
+    printf(" GNU GCC/G++");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog," GNU GCC/G++");/* GNU GCC/G++. --------------------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__HP_cc) || defined(__HP_aCC)
+    printf(" Hewlett-Packard C/aC++");if(logged)fprintf(fcilog," Hewlett-Packard C/aC++"); /* Hewlett-Packard C/aC++. ---------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__IBMC__) || defined(__IBMCPP__)
+    printf(" IBM XL C/C++"); if(logged) fprintf(ficlog," IBM XL C/C++");/* IBM XL C/C++. -------------------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    printf(" Microsoft Visual Studio");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog," Microsoft Visual Studio");/* Microsoft Visual Studio. --------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__PGI)
+    printf(" Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP");if(logged) fprintf(ficlog," Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP");/* Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP. ------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__SUNPRO_C) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+    printf(" Oracle Solaris Studio");if(logged)fprintf(ficlog," Oracle Solaris Studio\n");/* Oracle Solaris Studio. ----------------------------------- */
+ #endif
+    printf(" for "); if (logged) fprintf(ficlog, " for ");
+ // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4605842/how-to-identify-platform-compiler-from-preprocessor-macros
+ #ifdef _WIN32 // note the underscore: without it, it's not msdn official!
+     // Windows (x64 and x86)
+    printf("Windows (x64 and x86) ");if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"Windows (x64 and x86) ");
+ #elif __unix__ // all unices, not all compilers
+     // Unix
+    printf("Unix ");if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"Unix ");
+ #elif __linux__
+     // linux
+    printf("linux ");if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"linux ");
+ #elif __APPLE__
+     // Mac OS, not sure if this is covered by __posix__ and/or __unix__ though..
+    printf("Mac OS ");if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"Mac OS ");
+ #endif
+ /*  __MINGW32__   */
+ /*  __CYGWIN__   */
+ /* __MINGW64__  */
+ // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/b0084kay.aspx
+ /* _MSC_VER  //the Visual C++ compiler is 17.00.51106.1, the _MSC_VER macro evaluates to 1700. Type cl /?  */
+ /* _MSC_FULL_VER //the Visual C++ compiler is 15.00.20706.01, the _MSC_FULL_VER macro evaluates to 150020706 */
+ /* _WIN64  // Defined for applications for Win64. */
+ /* _M_X64 // Defined for compilations that target x64 processors. */
+ /* _DEBUG // Defined when you compile with /LDd, /MDd, and /MTd. */
+ #if UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffff
+    printf(" 32-bit"); if(logged) fprintf(ficlog," 32-bit");/* 32-bit */
+ #elif UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffffffffffff
+    printf(" 64-bit"); if(logged) fprintf(ficlog," 64-bit");/* 64-bit */
+ #else
+    printf(" wtf-bit"); if(logged) fprintf(ficlog," wtf-bit");/* wtf */
+ #endif
+ #if defined(__GNUC__)
+ # if defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+ #  define __GNUC_VERSION__ (__GNUC__ * 10000 \
+                             + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 \
+                             + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+ # else
+ #  define __GNUC_VERSION__ (__GNUC__ * 10000 \
+                             + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100)
+ # endif
+    printf(" using GNU C version %d.\n", __GNUC_VERSION__);
+    if(logged) fprintf(ficlog, " using GNU C version %d.\n", __GNUC_VERSION__);
+    if (uname(&sysInfo) != -1) {
+      printf("Running on: %s %s %s %s %s\n",sysInfo.sysname, sysInfo.nodename, sysInfo.release, sysInfo.version, sysInfo.machine);
+          if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"Running on: %s %s %s %s %s\n ",sysInfo.sysname, sysInfo.nodename, sysInfo.release, sysInfo.version, sysInfo.machine);
+    }
+    else
+       perror("uname() error");
+    //#ifndef __INTEL_COMPILER
+ #if !defined (__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+    printf("GNU libc version: %s\n", gnu_get_libc_version());
+    if(logged) fprintf(ficlog,"GNU libc version: %s\n", gnu_get_libc_version());
+ #endif
+ #endif
+    //   void main()
+    //   {
+ #if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    if (IsWow64()){
+            printf("\nThe program (probably compiled for 32bit) is running under WOW64 (64bit) emulation.\n");
+            if (logged) fprintf(ficlog, "\nThe program (probably compiled for 32bit) is running under WOW64 (64bit) emulation.\n");
+    }
+    else{
+            printf("\nThe program is not running under WOW64 (i.e probably on a 64bit Windows).\n");
+            if (logged) fprintf(ficlog, "\nThe programm is not running under WOW64 (i.e probably on a 64bit Windows).\n");
+    }
+    //      printf("\nPress Enter to continue...");
+    //      getchar();
+    //   }
+ #endif
+ }
+ int prevalence_limit(double *p, double **prlim, double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double ftolpl, int *ncvyearp){
+   /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
+   int i, j, k, i1, k4=0, nres=0 ;
+   /* double ftolpl = 1.e-10; */
+   double age, agebase, agelim;
+   double tot;
+   strcpy(filerespl,"PL_");
+   strcat(filerespl,fileresu);
+   if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);return 1;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);return 1;
+   }
+   printf("\nComputing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nComputing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
+   pstamp(ficrespl);
+   fprintf(ficrespl,"# Period (stable) prevalence. Precision given by ftolpl=%g \n", ftolpl);
+   fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
+   fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
+   /* prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);*/ /* back in main */
+   agebase=ageminpar;
+   agelim=agemaxpar;
+   /* i1=pow(2,ncoveff); */
+   i1=pow(2,cptcoveff); /* Number of combination of dummy covariates */
+   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+   for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){ /* For each combination k of dummy covariates in the model */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+         continue;
+       /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){ */
+       /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=1;cptcov++){ */
+       //for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+       /* k=k+1; */
+       /* to clean */
+       //printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,codtabm(cptcod,cptcov));
+       fprintf(ficrespl,"#******");
+       printf("#******");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"#******");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff ;j++) {/* all covariates */
+         fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]); /* Here problem for varying dummy*/
+         printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");
+       printf("******\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+       if(invalidvarcomb[k]){
+         printf("\nCombination (%d) ignored because no case \n",k);
+         fprintf(ficrespl,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no case \n",k);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\nCombination (%d) ignored because no case \n",k);
+         continue;
+       }
+       fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         fprintf(ficrespl,"V%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"  %d-%d   ",i,i);
+       fprintf(ficrespl,"Total Years_to_converge\n");
+       for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
+         /* for (age=agebase; age<=agebase; age++){ */
+         prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k, nres);
+         fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f ",age );
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficrespl,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         tot=0.;
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+           tot +=  prlim[i][i];
+           fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficrespl," %.3f %d\n", tot, *ncvyearp);
+       } /* Age */
+       /* was end of cptcod */
+     } /* cptcov */
+   } /* nres */
+   return 0;
+ }
+ int back_prevalence_limit(double *p, double **bprlim, double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double ftolpl, int *ncvyearp, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass, int mobilavproj){
+         /*--------------- Back Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
+         /* Computes the back prevalence limit  for any combination      of covariate values
+    * at any age between ageminpar and agemaxpar
+          */
+   int i, j, k, i1, nres=0 ;
+   /* double ftolpl = 1.e-10; */
+   double age, agebase, agelim;
+   double tot;
+   /* double ***mobaverage; */
+   /* double      **dnewm, **doldm, **dsavm;  /\* for use *\/ */
+   strcpy(fileresplb,"PLB_");
+   strcat(fileresplb,fileresu);
+   if((ficresplb=fopen(fileresplb,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with period (stable) back prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresplb);return 1;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with period (stable) back prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresplb);return 1;
+   }
+   printf("Computing period (stable) back prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", fileresplb);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing period (stable) back prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", fileresplb);
+   pstamp(ficresplb);
+   fprintf(ficresplb,"# Period (stable) back prevalence. Precision given by ftolpl=%g \n", ftolpl);
+   fprintf(ficresplb,"#Age ");
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficresplb,"%d-%d ",i,i);
+   fprintf(ficresplb,"\n");
+   /* prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);*/ /* back in main */
+   agebase=ageminpar;
+   agelim=agemaxpar;
+   i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+   for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){ /* For any combination of dummy covariates, fixed and varying */
+      if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+         continue;
+       //printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,codtabm(cptcod,cptcov));
+       fprintf(ficresplb,"#******");
+       printf("#******");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"#******");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff ;j++) {/* all covariates */
+         fprintf(ficresplb," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficresplb," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresplb,"******\n");
+       printf("******\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+       if(invalidvarcomb[k]){
+         printf("\nCombination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k);
+         fprintf(ficresplb,"#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\nCombination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k);
+         continue;
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresplb,"#Age ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         fprintf(ficresplb,"V%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficresplb,"  %d-%d   ",i,i);
+       fprintf(ficresplb,"Total Years_to_converge\n");
+       for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
+         /* for (age=agebase; age<=agebase; age++){ */
+         if(mobilavproj > 0){
+           /* bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage, nlstate, p, age, ageminpar, agemaxpar, oldm, savm, doldm, dsavm, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k); */
+           /* bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm, dnewm, doldm, dsavm, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k); */
+           bprevalim(bprlim, mobaverage, nlstate, p, age, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k, nres);
+         }else if (mobilavproj == 0){
+           printf("There is no chance to get back prevalence limit if data aren't non zero and summing to 1, please try a non null mobil_average(=%d) parameter or mobil_average=-1 if you want to try at your own risk.\n",mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"There is no chance to get back prevalence limit if data aren't non zero and summing to 1, please try a non null mobil_average(=%d) parameter or mobil_average=-1 if you want to try at your own risk.\n",mobilavproj);
+           exit(1);
+         }else{
+           /* bprevalim(bprlim, probs, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm, dnewm, doldm, dsavm, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k); */
+           bprevalim(bprlim, probs, nlstate, p, age, ftolpl, ncvyearp, k,nres);
+           /* printf("TOTOT\n"); */
+           /* exit(1); */
+         }
+         fprintf(ficresplb,"%.0f ",age );
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficresplb,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         tot=0.;
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+           tot +=  bprlim[i][i];
+           fprintf(ficresplb," %.5f", bprlim[i][i]);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficresplb," %.3f %d\n", tot, *ncvyearp);
+       } /* Age */
+       /* was end of cptcod */
+       /*fprintf(ficresplb,"\n");*/ /* Seems to be necessary for gnuplot only if two result lines and no covariate. */
+     } /* end of any combination */
+   } /* end of nres */
+   /* hBijx(p, bage, fage); */
+   /* fclose(ficrespijb); */
+   return 0;
+ }
+ int hPijx(double *p, int bage, int fage){
+     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
+   int stepsize;
+   int agelim;
+   int hstepm;
+   int nhstepm;
+   int h, i, i1, j, k, k4, nres=0;
+   double agedeb;
+   double ***p3mat;
+     strcpy(filerespij,"PIJ_");  strcat(filerespij,fileresu);
+     if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij); return 1;
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij); return 1;
+     }
+     printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+     stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+     /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
+     agelim=AGESUP;
+     hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
+     hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
+     /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
+     pstamp(ficrespij);
+     fprintf(ficrespij,"#****** h Pij x Probability to be in state j at age x+h being in i at x ");
+     i1= pow(2,cptcoveff);
+                 /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){ */
+                 /*    /\*for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*\/ */
+                 /*      k=k+1;  */
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+         continue;
+       fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       for (k4=1; k4<= nsq; k4++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+         fprintf(ficrespij," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][k4],Tqresult[nres][k4]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");
+       for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+         nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+         nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
+         /*        nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
+         p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k, nres);
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"# Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j=");
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+           for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+             fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+         for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+           /*agedebphstep = agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm;*/
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %3.f %3.f",k, agedeb, agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+               fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+         }
+         free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+       }
+       /*}*/
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+  int hBijx(double *p, int bage, int fage, double ***prevacurrent){
+     /*------------- h Bij x at various ages ------------*/
+   int stepsize;
+   /* int agelim; */
+         int ageminl;
+   int hstepm;
+   int nhstepm;
+   int h, i, i1, j, k, nres;
+   double agedeb;
+   double ***p3mat;
+   strcpy(filerespijb,"PIJB_");  strcat(filerespijb,fileresu);
+   if((ficrespijb=fopen(filerespijb,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with Pij back resultfile: %s\n", filerespijb); return 1;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij back resultfile: %s\n", filerespijb); return 1;
+   }
+   printf("Computing pij back: result on file '%s' \n", filerespijb);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij back: result on file '%s' \n", filerespijb);
+   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+   /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
+   /* agelim=AGESUP; */
+   ageminl=30;
+   hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
+   /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
+   pstamp(ficrespijb);
+   fprintf(ficrespijb,"#****** h Bij x Back probability to be in state i at age x-h being in j at x: B1j+B2j+...=1 ");
+   i1= pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){ */
+   /*    /\*for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*\/ */
+   /*    k=k+1;  */
+   for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++){ /* For each resultline */
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){ /* For any combination of dummy covariates, fixed and varying */
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+         continue;
+       fprintf(ficrespijb,"\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+         fprintf(ficrespijb,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(ficrespijb," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficrespijb,"******\n");
+       if(invalidvarcomb[k]){  /* Is it necessary here? */
+         fprintf(ficrespijb,"\n#Combination (%d) ignored because no cases \n",k);
+         continue;
+       }
+       /* for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /\* If stepm=6 months *\/ */
+       for (agedeb=bage; agedeb<=fage; agedeb++){ /* If stepm=6 months and estepm=24 (2 years) */
+         /* nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /\* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 *\/ */
+         nhstepm=(int) rint((agedeb-ageminl)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+         nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10, because estepm=24 stepm=6 => hstepm=24/6=4 */
+         /*        nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
+         p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm); /* We can't have it at an upper level because of nhstepm */
+         /* and memory limitations if stepm is small */
+         /* oldm=oldms;savm=savms; */
+         /* hbxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);   */
+         hbxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,prevacurrent,nlstate,stepm, k, nres);
+         /* hbxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,prevacurrent,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, dnewm, doldm, dsavm, k); */
+         fprintf(ficrespijb,"# Cov Agex agex-h hbijx with i,j=");
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+           for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+             fprintf(ficrespijb," %1d-%1d",i,j);
+         fprintf(ficrespijb,"\n");
+         for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+           /*agedebphstep = agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm;*/
+           fprintf(ficrespijb,"%d %3.f %3.f",k, agedeb, agedeb - h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
+           /* fprintf(ficrespijb,"%d %3.f %3.f",k, agedeb, agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ); */
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+               fprintf(ficrespijb," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+           fprintf(ficrespijb,"\n");
+         }
+         free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         fprintf(ficrespijb,"\n");
+       } /* end age deb */
+     } /* end combination */
+   } /* end nres */
+   return 0;
+  } /*  hBijx */
  /***********************************************/
  /**************** Main Program *****************/
- Line 5407  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10609  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    double ssval;
  #endif
    int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
-   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size=100,cptcode, cptcod;
+   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter=0,m,size=100, cptcod;
-   int linei, month, year,iout;
+   int ncvyear=0; /* Number of years needed for the period prevalence to converge */
-   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk, imk;
+   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk;
    int numlinepar=0; /* Current linenumber of parameter file */
+   int num_filled;
    int itimes;
    int NDIM=2;
    int vpopbased=0;
+   int nres=0;
-   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
+   int endishere=0;
+   int noffset=0;
+   int ncurrv=0; /* Temporary variable */
+   char ca[32], cb[32];
    /*  FILE *fichtm; *//* Html File */
    /* FILE *ficgp;*/ /*Gnuplot File */
    struct stat info;
-   double agedeb, agefin,hf;
+   double agedeb=0.;
-   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
-   double fret;
+   double ageminpar=AGEOVERFLOW,agemin=AGEOVERFLOW, agemaxpar=-AGEOVERFLOW, agemax=-AGEOVERFLOW;
-   double **xi,tmp,delta;
+   double ageminout=-AGEOVERFLOW,agemaxout=AGEOVERFLOW; /* Smaller Age range redefined after movingaverage */
-   double dum; /* Dummy variable */
+   double fret;
+   double dum=0.; /* Dummy variable */
    double ***p3mat;
-   double ***mobaverage;
+   /* double ***mobaverage; */
-   int *indx;
-   char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];
+   char line[MAXLINE];
-   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE],model[MAXLINE];
+   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE];
+   char  modeltemp[MAXLINE];
+   char resultline[MAXLINE];
    char pathr[MAXLINE], pathimach[MAXLINE];
-   char **bp, *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
+   char *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
    int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
-   int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */
+   int c,  h , cpt, c2;
-   int c,  h , cpt,l;
+   int jl=0;
-   int ju,jl, mi;
+   int i1, j1, jk, stepsize=0;
-   int i1,j1, jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;
+   int count=0;
-   int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,*tab;
+   int *tab;
    int mobilavproj=0 , prevfcast=0 ; /* moving average of prev, If prevfcast=1 prevalence projection */
+   int backcast=0;
    int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
-   int hstepm, nhstepm;
+   int hstepm=0, nhstepm=0;
    int agemortsup;
    float  sumlpop=0.;
    double jprev1=1, mprev1=1,anprev1=2000,jprev2=1, mprev2=1,anprev2=2000;
    double jpyram=1, mpyram=1,anpyram=2000,jpyram1=1, mpyram1=1,anpyram1=2000;
-   double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;
+   double bage=0, fage=110., age, agelim=0., agebase=0.;
    double ftolpl=FTOL;
    double **prlim;
+   double **bprlim;
    double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
-   double  *p;
+   double ***paramstart; /* Matrix of starting parameter values */
+   double  *p, *pstart; /* p=param[1][1] pstart is for starting values guessed by freqsummary */
    double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
+   double **hess; /* Hessian matrix */
    double ***delti3; /* Scale */
    double *delti; /* Scale */
    double ***eij, ***vareij;
    double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
    double *epj, vepp;
-   double kk1, kk2;
-   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000;
+   double dateprev1, dateprev2;
+   double jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000, dateproj1=0, dateproj2=0;
+   double jback1=1,mback1=1,anback1=2000,jback2=1,mback2=1,anback2=2000, dateback1=0, dateback2=0;
    double **ximort;
    char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4]="1234";
    int *dcwave;
-   char z[1]="c", occ;
+   char z[1]="c";
    /*char  *strt;*/
    char strtend[80];
-   long total_usecs;
  /*   setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); */
  /*   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); */
  /*   textdomain (PACKAGE); */
- Line 5504  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10723  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    nberr=0; /* Number of errors and warnings */
    nbwarn=0;
+ #ifdef WIN32
+   _getcwd(pathcd, size);
+ #else
    getcwd(pathcd, size);
+ #endif
-   printf("\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
+   syscompilerinfo(0);
+   printf("\nIMaCh version %s, %s\n%s",version, copyright, fullversion);
    if(argc <=1){
      printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
-     fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin);
+     if(!fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin)){
+       printf("ERROR Empty parameter file name\n");
+       goto end;
+     }
      i=strlen(pathr);
      if(pathr[i-1]=='\n')
        pathr[i-1]='\0';
      i=strlen(pathr);
-     if(pathr[i-1]==' ') /* This may happen when dragging on oS/X! */
+     if(i >= 1 && pathr[i-1]==' ') {/* This may happen when dragging on oS/X! */
        pathr[i-1]='\0';
-    for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
+     }
+     i=strlen(pathr);
+     if( i==0 ){
+       printf("ERROR Empty parameter file name\n");
+       goto end;
+     }
+     for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
        printf("Pathr |%s|\n",pathr);
        while ((val = strsep(&tok, "\"" )) != NULL && *val == '\0');
        printf("val= |%s| pathr=%s\n",val,pathr);
- Line 5540  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10772  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    /* Split argv[1]=pathtot, parameter file name to get path, optionfile, extension and name */
    split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
    printf("\npathtot=%s,\npath=%s,\noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
+ #ifdef WIN32
+   _chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
+   if(_getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
+ #else
    chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
-   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
+   if (getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
-     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
+ #endif
+   printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
    strcpy(command,"mkdir ");
    strcat(command,optionfilefiname);
    if((outcmd=system(command)) != 0){
-     printf("Problem creating directory or it already exists %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
+     printf("Directory already exists (or can't create it) %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
      /* fprintf(ficlog,"Problem creating directory %s%s\n",path,optionfilefiname); */
      /* fclose(ficlog); */
  /*     exit(1); */
- Line 5557  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10794  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
-   /* Log file */
+   /* Main Log file */
    strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
    strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
    if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
- Line 5565  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10802  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
      goto end;
    }
    fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Version %s %s",version,fullversion);
    fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: \n");
    fprintf(ficlog,"pathimach=%s\npathtot=%s\n\
   path=%s \n\
- Line 5573  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10810  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   optionfilext=%s\n\
   optionfilefiname='%s'\n",pathimach,pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
+   syscompilerinfo(1);
    printf("Local time (at start):%s",strstart);
    fprintf(ficlog,"Local time (at start): %s",strstart);
    fflush(ficlog);
- Line 5582  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10821  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    /* */
    strcpy(fileres,"r");
    strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
+   strcat(fileresu, optionfilefiname); /* Without r in front */
    strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
+   strcat(fileresu,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
-   /*---------arguments file --------*/
+   /* Main ---------arguments file --------*/
    if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
      printf("Problem with optionfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",optionfile,strerror(errno));
- Line 5597  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10838  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    strcpy(filereso,"o");
-   strcat(filereso,fileres);
+   strcat(filereso,fileresu);
    if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) { /* opened on subdirectory */
      printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
      fflush(ficlog);
      goto end;
    }
+       /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
+   strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
+   strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name */
+   strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
+   strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
+   if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", rfileres);goto end;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", rfileres);goto end;
+     fflush(ficlog);
+     goto end;
+   }
+   fprintf(ficres,"#IMaCh %s\n",version);
    /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
    numlinepar=0;
-   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+   /* Is it a BOM UTF-8 Windows file? */
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+   /* First parameter line */
-     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+   while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
+     noffset=0;
+     if( line[0] == (char)0xEF && line[1] == (char)0xBB) /* EF BB BF */
+     {
+       noffset=noffset+3;
+       printf("# File is an UTF8 Bom.\n"); // 0xBF
+     }
+     else if( line[0] == (char)0xFE && line[1] == (char)0xFF)
+     {
+       noffset=noffset+2;
+       printf("# File is an UTF16BE BOM file\n");
+     }
+     else if( line[0] == 0 && line[1] == 0)
+     {
+       if( line[2] == (char)0xFE && line[3] == (char)0xFF){
+         noffset=noffset+4;
+         printf("# File is an UTF16BE BOM file\n");
+       }
+     } else{
+       ;/*printf(" Not a BOM file\n");*/
+     }
+     /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
+     if (line[noffset] == '#') {
+       numlinepar++;
+       fputs(line,stdout);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
+       fputs(line,ficres);
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
+       continue;
+     }else
+       break;
+   }
+   if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\n", \
+                         title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass)) !=EOF){
+     if (num_filled != 5) {
+       printf("Should be 5 parameters\n");
+     }
      numlinepar++;
-     fputs(line,stdout);
+     printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass);
-     fputs(line,ficparo);
-     fputs(line,ficlog);
    }
-   ungetc(c,ficpar);
+   /* Second parameter line */
+   while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
-   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
+     /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
-   numlinepar++;
+     if (line[0] == '#') {
-   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       numlinepar++;
-   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
+       fputs(line,ficres);
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
+       continue;
+     }else
+       break;
+   }
+   if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"ftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nqv=%d ntv=%d nqtv=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\n", \
+                         &ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nqv, &ntv, &nqtv, &nlstate, &ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt)) !=EOF){
+     if (num_filled != 11) {
+       printf("Not 11 parameters, for example:ftol=1.e-8 stepm=12 ncovcol=2 nqv=1 ntv=2 nqtv=1  nlstate=2 ndeath=1 maxwav=3 mle=1 weight=1\n");
+       printf("but line=%s\n",line);
+     }
+     printf("ftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nqv=%d ntv=%d nqtv=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\n",ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nqv, ntv, nqtv, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt);
+   }
+   /* ftolpl=6*ftol*1.e5; /\* 6.e-3 make convergences in less than 80 loops for the prevalence limit *\/ */
+   /*ftolpl=6.e-4; *//* 6.e-3 make convergences in less than 80 loops for the prevalence limit */
+   /* Third parameter line */
+   while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
+     /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
+     if (line[0] == '#') {
+       numlinepar++;
+       fputs(line,stdout);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
+       fputs(line,ficres);
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
+       continue;
+     }else
+       break;
+   }
+   if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"model=1+age%[^.\n]", model)) !=EOF){
+     if (num_filled == 0){
+       printf("ERROR %d: Model should be at minimum 'model=1+age.' WITHOUT space:'%s'\n",num_filled, line);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"ERROR %d: Model should be at minimum 'model=1+age.' WITHOUT space:'%s'\n",num_filled, line);
+       model[0]='\0';
+       goto end;
+     } else if (num_filled != 1){
+       printf("ERROR %d: Model should be at minimum 'model=1+age.' %s\n",num_filled, line);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"ERROR %d: Model should be at minimum 'model=1+age.' %s\n",num_filled, line);
+       model[0]='\0';
+       goto end;
+     }
+     else{
+       if (model[0]=='+'){
+         for(i=1; i<=strlen(model);i++)
+           modeltemp[i-1]=model[i];
+         strcpy(model,modeltemp);
+       }
+     }
+     /* printf(" model=1+age%s modeltemp= %s, model=%s\n",model, modeltemp, model);fflush(stdout); */
+     printf("model=1+age+%s\n",model);fflush(stdout);
+   }
+   /* fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=1+age+%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model); */
+   /* numlinepar=numlinepar+3; /\* In general *\/ */
+   /* printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model); */
+   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nqv=%d ntv=%d nqtv=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s.\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol, nqv, ntv, nqtv, nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nqv=%d ntv=%d nqtv=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s.\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol, nqv, ntv, nqtv, nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
    fflush(ficlog);
+   /* if(model[0]=='#'|| model[0]== '\0'){ */
+   if(model[0]=='#'){
+     printf("Error in 'model' line: model should start with 'model=1+age+' and end with '.' \n \
+  'model=1+age+.' or 'model=1+age+V1.' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age.' or \n \
+  'model=1+age+V1+V2.' or 'model=1+age+V1+V2+V1*V2.' etc. \n");          \
+     if(mle != -1){
+       printf("Fix the model line and run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n");
+       exit(1);
+     }
+   }
    while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
      ungetc(c,ficpar);
      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
      numlinepar++;
+     if(line[1]=='q'){ /* This #q will quit imach (the answer is q) */
+       z[0]=line[1];
+     }
+     /* printf("****line [1] = %c \n",line[1]); */
      fputs(line, stdout);
      //puts(line);
      fputs(line,ficparo);
- Line 5636  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 10995  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);  /**< used in readdata */
+   if(nqv>=1)coqvar=matrix(1,nqv,1,n);  /**< Fixed quantitative covariate */
+   if(nqtv>=1)cotqvar=ma3x(1,maxwav,1,nqtv,1,n);  /**< Time varying quantitative covariate */
+   if(ntv+nqtv>=1)cotvar=ma3x(1,maxwav,1,ntv+nqtv,1,n);  /**< Time varying covariate (dummy and quantitative)*/
    cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement plus one, indepently of n in Vn*/
    /* v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes cptcovn = 5
       v1+v2*age+v2*v3 makes cptcovn = 3
    */
    if (strlen(model)>1)
-     ncovmodel=2+nbocc(model,'+')+1; /*Number of variables including intercept and age = cptcovn + intercept + age : v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes 5+2=7*/
+     ncovmodel=2+nbocc(model,'+')+1; /*Number of variables including intercept and age = cptcovn + intercept + age : v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes 5+2=7,age*age makes 3*/
    else
-     ncovmodel=2;
+     ncovmodel=2; /* Constant and age */
-   nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */
    nforce= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate; /* Number of forces ij from state i to j */
    npar= nforce*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters like aij*/
    if(npar >MAXPARM || nlstate >NLSTATEMAX || ndeath >NDEATHMAX || ncovmodel>NCOVMAX){
- Line 5658  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 11019  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    delti=delti3[1][1];
    /*delti=vector(1,npar); *//* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov)*/
    if(mle==-1){ /* Print a wizard for help writing covariance matrix */
+ /* We could also provide initial parameters values giving by simple logistic regression
+  * only one way, that is without matrix product. We will have nlstate maximizations */
+       /* for(i=1;i<nlstate;i++){ */
+       /*        /\*reducing xi for 1 to npar to 1 to ncovmodel; *\/ */
+       /*    mlikeli(ficres,p, ncovmodel, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, funcnoprod); */
+       /* } */
      prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
-     printf(" You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     printf(" You chose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     fprintf(ficlog," You chose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
      free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
      fclose (ficparo);
      fclose (ficlog);
      goto end;
      exit(0);
-   }
+   }  else if(mle==-5) { /* Main Wizard */
-   else if(mle==-3) {
      prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
-     printf(" You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     printf(" You chose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     fprintf(ficlog," You chose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
      param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
      matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-   }
+     hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-   else{
+   }  else{ /* Begin of mle != -1 or -5 */
      /* Read guessed parameters */
      /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
      while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
- Line 5688  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+ Line 11054  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
      ungetc(c,ficpar);
      param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+     paramstart= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
      for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
        j=0;
        for(jj=1; jj <=nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
          if(jj==i) continue;
          j++;
          fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
-         if ((i1 != i) && (j1 != j)){
+         if ((i1 != i) || (j1 != jj)){
            printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n \
  It might be a problem of design; if ncovcol and the model are correct\n \
  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
- Line 5702  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11069  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
          }
          fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
          if(mle==1)
-           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+           printf("%1d%1d",i,jj);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,jj);
          for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
            fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
            if(mle==1){
- Line 5723  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11090  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
        }
      }
      fflush(ficlog);
-     /* Reads scales values */
+     /* Reads parameters values */
      p=param[1][1];
+     pstart=paramstart[1][1];
      /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
      while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
- Line 5741  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11109  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
      for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
        for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
          fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
-         if ((i1-i)*(j1-j)!=0){
+         if ( (i1-i) * (j1-j) != 0){
            printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
            exit(1);
          }
- Line 5762  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11130  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
        }
      }
      fflush(ficlog);
      /* Reads covariance matrix */
      delti=delti3[1][1];
      /* free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); */ /* Hasn't to to freed here otherwise delti is no more allocated */
      /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
      while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
        ungetc(c,ficpar);
- Line 5779  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11147  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
        fputs(line,ficlog);
      }
      ungetc(c,ficpar);
      matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+     hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
      for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
        for(j=1; j <=npar; j++) matcov[i][j]=0.;
+     /* Scans npar lines */
      for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
-       fscanf(ficpar,"%s",str);
+       count=fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d%d",&i1,&j1,&jk);
-       if(mle==1)
+       if(count != 3){
-         printf("%s",str);
+         printf("Error! Error in parameter file %s at line %d after line starting with %1d%1d%1d\n\
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
+ This is probably because your covariance matrix doesn't \n  contain exactly %d lines corresponding to your model line '1+age+%s'.\n\
-       fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",optionfile,numlinepar, i1,j1,jk, npar, model);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Error in parameter file %s at line %d after line starting with %1d%1d%1d\n\
+ This is probably because your covariance matrix doesn't \n  contain exactly %d lines corresponding to your model line '1+age+%s'.\n\
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",optionfile,numlinepar, i1,j1,jk, npar, model);
+         exit(1);
+       }else{
+         if(mle==1)
+           printf("%1d%1d%d",i1,j1,jk);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d%d",i1,j1,jk);
+       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d%d",i1,j1,jk);
        for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
          fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
          if(mle==1){
- Line 5801  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11181  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
        fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
        numlinepar++;
        if(mle==1)
-         printf("\n");
+                                 printf("\n");
        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
        fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
      }
+     /* End of read covariance matrix npar lines */
      for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
        for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
          matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
- Line 5815  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11196  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
      fflush(ficlog);
-     /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
-     strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
-     strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
-     strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
-     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
-     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
-     }
-     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
    }    /* End of mle != -3 */
+   /*  Main data
+    */
    n= lastobs;
    num=lvector(1,n);
    moisnais=vector(1,n);
    annais=vector(1,n);
    moisdc=vector(1,n);
    andc=vector(1,n);
+   weight=vector(1,n);
    agedc=vector(1,n);
    cod=ivector(1,n);
-   weight=vector(1,n);
+   for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
-   for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
+     num[i]=0;
+     moisnais[i]=0;
+     annais[i]=0;
+     moisdc[i]=0;
+     andc[i]=0;
+     agedc[i]=0;
+     cod[i]=0;
+     weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
+   }
    mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
    anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
    s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n); /* s[i][j] health state for wave i and individual j */
    tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
    ncodemax=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Number of code per covariate; if O and 1 only, 2**ncov; V1+V2+V3+V4=>16 */
+   ncodemaxwundef=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Number of code per covariate; if - 1 O and 1 only, 2**ncov; V1+V2+V3+V4=>16 */
    /* Reads data from file datafile */
    if (readdata(datafile, firstobs, lastobs, &imx)==1)
      goto end;
    /* Calculation of the number of parameters from char model */
-     /*    modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4
+   /*    modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4
          k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tag[cptcovage=1]=4
          k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4)
          k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1)
          k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2)
-     */
+   */
    Tvar=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Was 15 changed to NCOVMAX. */
+   TvarsDind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarsD=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarsQind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarsQ=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarF=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarFind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarV=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarVind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarA=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarAind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarFD=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarFDind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarFQ=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarFQind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarVD=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarVDind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarVQ=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   TvarVQind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   Tvalsel=vector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   Tvarsel=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /*  */
+   Typevar=ivector(-1,NCOVMAX); /* -1 to 2 */
+   Fixed=ivector(-1,NCOVMAX); /* -1 to 3 */
+   Dummy=ivector(-1,NCOVMAX); /* -1 to 3 */
    /*  V2+V1+V4+age*V3 is a model with 4 covariates (3 plus signs).
        For each model-covariate stores the data-covariate id. Tvar[1]=2, Tvar[2]=1, Tvar[3]=4,
        Tvar[4=age*V3] is 3 and 'age' is recorded in Tage.
- Line 5865  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11272  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
      ncovcol + k1
      If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
      Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 etc */
-   Tprod=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the position of a product */
+   Tprod=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the k position of the k1 product */
+   Tposprod=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the k1 product from the k position */
    /* Tprod[k1=1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
       if  V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2   TProd[k1=2]=5 (V3*V2)
+      Tposprod[k]=k1 , Tposprod[3]=1, Tposprod[5]=2
    */
    Tvaraff=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Unclear */
    Tvard=imatrix(1,NCOVMAX,1,2); /* n=Tvard[k1][1]  and m=Tvard[k1][2] gives the couple n,m of the k1 th product Vn*Vm
- Line 5877  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11286  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
 covariates (3 plus signs)
                           Tage[1=V3*age]= 4; Tage[2=age*V4] = 3
                        */
+   Tmodelind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);/** gives the k model position of an
+                                 * individual dummy, fixed or varying:
+                                 * Tmodelind[Tvaraff[3]]=9,Tvaraff[1]@9={4,
+                                 * 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+                                 * model=V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1 ,
+                                 * V1 df, V2 qf, V3 & V4 dv, V5 qv
+                                 * Tmodelind[1]@9={9,0,3,2,}*/
+   TmodelInvind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* TmodelInvind=Tvar[k]- ncovcol-nqv={5-2-1=2,*/
+   TmodelInvQind=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);/** gives the k model position of an
+                                 * individual quantitative, fixed or varying:
+                                 * Tmodelqind[1]=1,Tvaraff[1]@9={4,
+                                 * 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+                                 * model=V5+V4+V3+V4*V3+V5*age+V2+V1*V2+V1*age+V1*/
+ /* Main decodemodel */
-   if(decodemodel(model, lastobs) == 1)
+   if(decodemodel(model, lastobs) == 1) /* In order to get Tvar[k] V4+V3+V5 p Tvar[1]@3  = {4, 3, 5}*/
      goto end;
    if((double)(lastobs-imx)/(double)imx > 1.10){
- Line 5903  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11327  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
    free_vector(annais,1,n);
    /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
       free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
-   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
+   /* free_vector(moisdc,1,n); */
-   free_vector(andc,1,n);
+   /* free_vector(andc,1,n); */
    /* */
    wav=ivector(1,imx);
-   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+   /* dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx); */
-   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+   /* bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx); */
-   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+   /* mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx); */
+   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx); /* We are adding a wave if status is unknown at last wave but death occurs after last wave.*/
+   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);
+   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);
    /* Concatenates waves */
+   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
+      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
+      mw[mi][i] is the number of (mi=1 to wav[i]) effective wave out of mi of individual i
+      dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
+      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
+   */
    concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
-   /* */
+   /* Concatenates waves */
-   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
+   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
+   free_vector(andc,1,n);
+   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
    nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
    ncodemax[1]=1;
    Ndum =ivector(-1,NCOVMAX);
-   if (ncovmodel > 2)
+   cptcoveff=0;
-     tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx, Ndum); /**< Fills nbcode[Tvar[j]][l]; */
+   if (ncovmodel-nagesqr > 2 ){ /* That is if covariate other than cst, age and age*age */
+     tricode(&cptcoveff,Tvar,nbcode,imx, Ndum); /**< Fills nbcode[Tvar[j]][l]; */
-   codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) */
+   }
-   /*printf(" codtab[1,1],codtab[100,10]=%d,%d\n", codtab[1][1],codtab[100][10]);*/
-   h=0;
+   ncovcombmax=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   invalidvarcomb=ivector(1, ncovcombmax);
+   for(i=1;i<ncovcombmax;i++)
+     invalidvarcomb[i]=0;
+   /* Nbcode gives the value of the lth modality (currently 1 to 2) of jth covariate, in
+      V2+V1*age, there are 3 covariates Tvar[2]=1 (V1).*/
+   /* 1 to ncodemax[j] which is the maximum value of this jth covariate */
+   /*  codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10);*/ /* codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) */
+   /*printf(" codtab[1,1],codtab[100,10]=%d,%d\n", codtab[1][1],codtabm(100,10));*/
+   /* codtab gives the value 1 or 2 of the hth combination of k covariates (1 or 2).*/
+   /* nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(h,j)]) : if there are only 2 modalities for a covariate j,
+    * codtabm(h,j) gives its value classified at position h and nbcode gives how it is coded
+    * (currently 0 or 1) in the data.
+    * In a loop on h=1 to 2**k, and a loop on j (=1 to k), we get the value of
+    * corresponding modality (h,j).
+    */
+   h=0;
    /*if (cptcovn > 0) */
    m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
-   for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){ /* scans any effective covariate */
-     for(i=1; i <=pow(2,cptcoveff-k);i++){ /* i=1 to 8/1=8; i=1 to 8/2=4; i=1 to 8/8=1 */
-       for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){ /* For each modality of this covariate ncodemax=2*/
-         for(cpt=1; cpt <=pow(2,k-1); cpt++){  /* cpt=1 to 8/2**(3+1-1 or 3+1-3) =1 or 4 */
-           h++;
-           if (h>m)
-             h=1;
            /**< codtab(h,k)  k   = codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) + 1
-            *     h     1     2     3     4
+            * For k=4 covariates, h goes from 1 to m=2**k
+            * codtabm(h,k)=  (1 & (h-1) >> (k-1)) + 1;
+            * #define codtabm(h,k)  (1 & (h-1) >> (k-1))+1
+            *     h\k   1     2     3     4
             *______________________________
             *     1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1
             *     2     2     1     1     1
- Line 5952  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11399  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
             *     6     2     1     2     1
             *     7 i=4 1     2     2     1
             *     8     2     2     2     1
-            *     9 i=5 1 i=3 1 i=2 1     1
+            *     9 i=5 1 i=3 1 i=2 1     2
-            *    10     2     1     1     1
+            *    10     2     1     1     2
-            *    11 i=6 1     2     1     1
+            *    11 i=6 1     2     1     2
-            *    12     2     2     1     1
+            *    12     2     2     1     2
-            *    13 i=7 1 i=4 1     2     1
+            *    13 i=7 1 i=4 1     2     2
-            *    14     2     1     2     1
+            *    14     2     1     2     2
-            *    15 i=8 1     2     2     1
+            *    15 i=8 1     2     2     2
-            *    16     2     2     2     1
+            *    16     2     2     2     2
             */
-           codtab[h][k]=j;
+   /* How to do the opposite? From combination h (=1 to 2**k) how to get the value on the covariates? */
-           /*codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;*/
+      /* from h=5 and m, we get then number of covariates k=log(m)/log(2)=4
-           printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d Tvar[k]=%d codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k],codtab[h][Tvar[k]]);
+      * and the value of each covariate?
-         }
+      * V1=1, V2=1, V3=2, V4=1 ?
-       }
+      * h-1=4 and 4 is 0100 or reverse 0010, and +1 is 1121 ok.
-     }
+      * h=6, 6-1=5, 5 is 0101, 1010, 2121, V1=2nd, V2=1st, V3=2nd, V4=1st.
-   }
+      * In order to get the real value in the data, we use nbcode
-   /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]);
+      * nbcode[Tvar[3][2nd]]=1 and nbcode[Tvar[4][1]]=0
-      codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
+      * We are keeping this crazy system in order to be able (in the future?)
-   /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){
+      * to have more than 2 values (0 or 1) for a covariate.
-      for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
+      * #define codtabm(h,k)  (1 & (h-1) >> (k-1))+1
-        printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
+      * h=6, k=2? h-1=5=0101, reverse 1010, +1=2121, k=2nd position: value is 1: codtabm(6,2)=1
-      }
+      *              bbbbbbbb
-      printf("\n");
+      *              76543210
-      }
+      *   h-1        00000101 (6-1=5)
-      scanf("%d",i);*/
+      *(h-1)>>(k-1)= 00000010 >> (2-1) = 1 right shift
+      *           &
+      *     1        00000001 (1)
+      *              00000000        = 1 & ((h-1) >> (k-1))
+      *          +1= 00000001 =1
+      *
+      * h=14, k=3 => h'=h-1=13, k'=k-1=2
+      *          h'      1101 =2^3+2^2+0x2^1+2^0
+      *    >>k'            11
+      *          &   00000001
+      *            = 00000001
+      *      +1    = 00000010=2    =  codtabm(14,3)
+      * Reverse h=6 and m=16?
+      * cptcoveff=log(16)/log(2)=4 covariate: 6-1=5=0101 reversed=1010 +1=2121 =>V1=2, V2=1, V3=2, V4=1.
+      * for (j=1 to cptcoveff) Vj=decodtabm(j,h,cptcoveff)
+      * decodtabm(h,j,cptcoveff)= (((h-1) >> (j-1)) & 1) +1
+      * decodtabm(h,j,cptcoveff)= (h <= (1<<cptcoveff)?(((h-1) >> (j-1)) & 1) +1 : -1)
+      * V3=decodtabm(14,3,2**4)=2
+      *          h'=13   1101 =2^3+2^2+0x2^1+2^0
+      *(h-1) >> (j-1)    0011 =13 >> 2
+      *          &1 000000001
+      *           = 000000001
+      *         +1= 000000010 =2
+      *                  2211
+      *                  V1=1+1, V2=0+1, V3=1+1, V4=1+1
+      *                  V3=2
+                  * codtabm and decodtabm are identical
+      */
   free_ivector(Ndum,-1,NCOVMAX);
-   /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/
+   /* Initialisation of ----------- gnuplot -------------*/
    strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
    if(mle==-3)
-     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-mort");
+     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-MORT_");
    strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
    if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
      printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
    }
    else{
-     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# IMaCh-%s\n", version);
      fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
      //fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
      fprintf(ficgp,"set datafile missing 'NaNq'\n");
    }
    /*  fclose(ficgp);*/
-   /*--------- index.htm --------*/
+   /* Initialisation of --------- index.htm --------*/
    strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfilefiname); /* Main html file */
    if(mle==-3)
-     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-mort");
+     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-MORT_");
    strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
    if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
      printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm);
- Line 6017  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
+ Line 11494  run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct t
    else{
    fprintf(fichtmcov,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh Cov %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
  <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
- Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n",\
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=1+age+%s<br>\n",\
            optionfilehtmcov,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
    }
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"7\"><a href=http:/euroreves.ined.fr/imach>IMaCh for Interpolated Markov Chain</a> </font><br>\n<font size=\"3\">Sponsored by Copyright (C)  2002-2015 <a href=http://www.ined.fr>INED</a>-EUROREVES-Institut de longévité-2013-2016-Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences 日本学術振興会 (<a href=https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-grants/>Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121</a>) - <a href=https://software.intel.com/en-us>Intel Software 2015-2018</a></font><br>  \
+ <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
+ <font size=\"2\">IMaCh-%s <br> %s</font> \
  <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
- Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n\
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=1+age+%s<br>\n\
  \n\
  <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">\
   <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n\
- Line 6040  Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d La
+ Line 11519  Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d La
    strcpy(pathr,path);
    strcat(pathr,optionfilefiname);
+ #ifdef WIN32
+   _chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
+ #else
    chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
+ #endif
    /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
+                  and for any valid combination of covariates
       and prints on file fileres'p'. */
-   freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart);
+   freqsummary(fileres, p, pstart, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvaraff, invalidvarcomb, nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart, \
+               firstpass, lastpass,  stepm,  weightopt, model);
    fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<h4>Parameter line 2</h4><ul><li>Tolerance for the convergence of the likelihood: ftol=%f \n<li>Interval for the elementary matrix (in month): stepm=%d",\
+           ftol, stepm);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li>Number of fixed dummy covariates: ncovcol=%d ", ncovcol);
+   ncurrv=1;
+   for(i=ncurrv; i <=ncovcol; i++) fprintf(fichtm,"V%d ", i);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li> Number of fixed quantitative variables: nqv=%d ", nqv);
+   ncurrv=i;
+   for(i=ncurrv; i <=ncurrv-1+nqv; i++) fprintf(fichtm,"V%d ", i);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li> Number of time varying (wave varying) covariates: ntv=%d ", ntv);
+   ncurrv=i;
+   for(i=ncurrv; i <=ncurrv-1+ntv; i++) fprintf(fichtm,"V%d ", i);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li>Number of quantitative time varying covariates: nqtv=%d ", nqtv);
+   ncurrv=i;
+   for(i=ncurrv; i <=ncurrv-1+nqtv; i++) fprintf(fichtm,"V%d ", i);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li>Weights column \n<br>Number of alive states: nlstate=%d <br>Number of death states (not really implemented): ndeath=%d \n<li>Number of waves: maxwav=%d \n<li>Parameter for maximization (1), using parameter values (0), for design of parameters and variance-covariance matrix: mle=%d \n<li>Does the weight column be taken into account (1), or not (0): weight=%d</ul>\n", \
+            nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<h4> Diagram of states <a href=\"%s_.svg\">%s_.svg</a></h4> \n\
+ <img src=\"%s_.svg\">", subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"D_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"D_"),subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"D_"));
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<h4>Some descriptive statistics </h4>\n<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
  Youngest age at first (selected) pass %.2f, oldest age %.2f<br>\n\
  Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n",\
-           imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
+   imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
    pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+   oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+   newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+   savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
+   oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
    /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
       so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
    p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
    globpr=0; /* To get the number ipmx of contributions and the sum of weights*/
+   /* For mortality only */
    if (mle==-3){
      ximort=matrix(1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
- /*     ximort=gsl_matrix_alloc(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); */
+     for(i=1;i<=NDIM;i++)
+       for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++)
+         ximort[i][j]=0.;
+     /*     ximort=gsl_matrix_alloc(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); */
      cens=ivector(1,n);
      ageexmed=vector(1,n);
      agecens=vector(1,n);
      dcwave=ivector(1,n);
      for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
        dcwave[i]=-1;
        for (m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++)
- Line 6081  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11590  Interval (in months) between two waves:
            break;
          }
      }
      for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
        if (wav[i]>0){
          ageexmed[i]=agev[mw[1][i]][i];
          j=wav[i];
          agecens[i]=1.;
          if (ageexmed[i]> 1 && wav[i] > 0){
            agecens[i]=agev[mw[j][i]][i];
            cens[i]= 1;
- Line 6113  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11622  Interval (in months) between two waves:
  #else
      printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
  #endif
-     strcpy(filerespow,"pow-mort");
+     strcpy(filerespow,"POW-MORT_");
-     strcat(filerespow,fileres);
+     strcat(filerespow,fileresu);
      if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
- Line 6156  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11665  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      /* Initialize method and iterate */
      /*     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083; */
- /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, 0.0268); */
+     /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, 0.0268); */
- /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, 0.083); */
+     /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, 0.083); */
      gsl_vector_set(x, 0, p[1]);
      gsl_vector_set(x, 1, p[2]);
- Line 6210  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11719  Interval (in months) between two waves:
  #endif
      fclose(ficrespow);
-     hesscov(matcov, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz);
+     hesscov(matcov, hess, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz);
      for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++)
        for(j=i+1;j<=NDIM;j++)
-         matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
+                                 matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
      printf("\nCovariance matrix\n ");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\nCovariance matrix\n ");
      for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++) {
        for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++){
-         printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
+                                 printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
+                                 fprintf(ficlog,"%f ",matcov[i][j]);
        }
-       printf("\n ");
+       printf("\n ");  fprintf(ficlog,"\n ");
      }
      printf("iter=%d MLE=%f Eq=%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d))\n",iter,-gompertz(p),p[1],p[2],agegomp);
-     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++)
+     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) {
        printf("%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
+     }
      lsurv=vector(1,AGESUP);
      lpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
      tpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
- Line 6259  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11771  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
-     printinggnuplotmort(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
+                 ageminpar=50;
+                 agemaxpar=100;
-     printinghtmlmort(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
+     if(ageminpar == AGEOVERFLOW ||agemaxpar == AGEOVERFLOW){
+         printf("Warning! Error in gnuplot file with ageminpar %f or agemaxpar %f overflow\n\
+ This is probably because your parameter file doesn't \n  contain the exact number of lines (or columns) corresponding to your model line.\n\
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! Error in gnuplot file with ageminpar %f or agemaxpar %f overflow\n\
+ This is probably because your parameter file doesn't \n  contain the exact number of lines (or columns) corresponding to your model line.\n\
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+     }else{
+                         printf("Warning! ageminpar %f and agemaxpar %f have been fixed because for simplification until it is fixed...\n\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+                         fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! ageminpar %f and agemaxpar %f have been fixed because for simplification until it is fixed...\n\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
+       printinggnuplotmort(fileresu, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
+                 }
+     printinghtmlmort(fileresu,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
                       stepm, weightopt,\
                       model,imx,p,matcov,agemortsup);
      free_vector(lsurv,1,AGESUP);
      free_vector(lpop,1,AGESUP);
      free_vector(tpop,1,AGESUP);
- #ifdef GSL
+     free_matrix(ximort,1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
      free_ivector(cens,1,n);
      free_vector(agecens,1,n);
      free_ivector(dcwave,1,n);
-     free_matrix(ximort,1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
+ #ifdef GSL
  #endif
-   } /* Endof if mle==-3 */
+   } /* Endof if mle==-3 mortality only */
+   /* Standard  */
-   else{ /* For mle >=1 */
+   else{ /* For mle !=- 3, could be 0 or 1 or 4 etc. */
-     globpr=0;/* debug */
+     globpr=0;/* Computes sum of likelihood for globpr=1 and funcone */
+     /* Computes likelihood for initial parameters, uses funcone to compute gpimx and gsw */
      likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
      printf("First Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
      for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
        printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
      printf("\n");
-     globpr=1; /* to print the contributions */
+     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2, Real Maximization */
+       /* mlikeli uses func not funcone */
+       /* for(i=1;i<nlstate;i++){ */
+       /*        /\*reducing xi for 1 to npar to 1 to ncovmodel; *\/ */
+       /*    mlikeli(ficres,p, ncovmodel, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, funcnoprod); */
+       /* } */
+       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
+     }
+     if(mle==0) {/* No optimization, will print the likelihoods for the datafile */
+       globpr=0;/* Computes sum of likelihood for globpr=1 and funcone */
+       /* Computes likelihood for initial parameters, uses funcone to compute gpimx and gsw */
+       likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
+     }
+     globpr=1; /* again, to print the individual contributions using computed gpimx and gsw */
      likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
      printf("Second Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
      for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
        printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
      printf("\n");
-     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2 */
-       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
-     }
      /*--------- results files --------------*/
-     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
+     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nqv=%d ntv=%d nqtv=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s.\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nqv, ntv, nqtv, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
      fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
- Line 6307  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11842  Interval (in months) between two waves:
            fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
            fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
            for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
-             printf("%lf ",p[jk]);
+             printf("%12.7f ",p[jk]);
-             fprintf(ficlog,"%lf ",p[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f ",p[jk]);
-             fprintf(ficres,"%lf ",p[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficres,"%12.7f ",p[jk]);
              jk++;
            }
            printf("\n");
- Line 6318  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11853  Interval (in months) between two waves:
          }
        }
      }
-     if(mle!=0){
+     if(mle != 0){
-       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
+       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix only at a peak of the Likelihood, that is after optimization */
        ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
-       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
+       hesscov(matcov, hess, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
-     }
+       printf("Parameters and 95%% confidence intervals\n W is simply the result of the division of the parameter by the square root of covariance of the parameter.\n And Wald-based confidence intervals plus and minus 1.96 * W .\n But be careful that parameters are highly correlated because incidence of disability is highly correlated to incidence of recovery.\n It might be better to visualize the covariance matrix. See the page 'Matrix of variance-covariance of one-step probabilities' and its graphs.\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog, "Parameters, Wald tests and Wald-based confidence intervals\n W is simply the result of the division of the parameter by the square root of covariance of the parameter.\n And Wald-based confidence intervals plus and minus 1.96 * W \n  It might be better to visualize the covariance matrix. See the page 'Matrix of variance-covariance of one-step probabilities' and its graphs.\n");
+       for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+         for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+           if (k != i) {
+             printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+             for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+               printf("%12.7f W=%8.3f CI=[%12.7f ; %12.7f] ",p[jk], p[jk]/sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]), p[jk]-1.96*sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]),p[jk]+1.96*sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]));
+               fprintf(ficlog,"%12.7f W=%8.3f CI=[%12.7f ; %12.7f] ",p[jk], p[jk]/sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]), p[jk]-1.96*sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]),p[jk]+1.96*sqrt(matcov[jk][jk]));
+               jk++;
+             }
+             printf("\n");
+             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+           }
+         }
+       }
+     } /* end of hesscov and Wald tests */
+     /*  */
      fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
      printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
- Line 6346  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11900  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      }
      fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
-     if(mle>=1)
+     if(mle >= 1) /* To big for the screen */
        printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
      /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
- Line 6409  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11963  Interval (in months) between two waves:
                          fprintf(ficres," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                        }else{
                          if(mle>=1)
-                           printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+                           printf(" %.7e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-                         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+                         fprintf(ficlog," %.7e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-                         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+                         fprintf(ficres," %.7e",matcov[jj][ll]);
                        }
                      }
                    }
- Line 6430  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 11984  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      fflush(ficlog);
      fflush(ficres);
+     while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+       /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       if (line[0] == '#') {
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+         numlinepar++;
-       fputs(line,stdout);
+         fputs(line,stdout);
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+         fputs(line,ficparo);
+         fputs(line,ficlog);
+         continue;
+       }else
+         break;
      }
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     /* while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){ */
+     /*   ungetc(c,ficpar); */
+     /*   fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar); */
+     /*   fputs(line,stdout); */
+     /*   fputs(line,ficparo); */
+     /* } */
+     /* ungetc(c,ficpar); */
      estepm=0;
-     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
+     if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d ftolpl=%lf\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm, &ftolpl)) !=EOF){
+       if (num_filled != 6) {
+         printf("Error: Not 6 parameters in line, for example:agemin=60 agemax=95 bage=55 fage=95 estepm=24 ftolpl=6e-4\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",line);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error: Not 6 parameters in line, for example:agemin=60 agemax=95 bage=55 fage=95 estepm=24 ftolpl=6e-4\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",line);
+         goto end;
+       }
+       printf("agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d ftolpl=%lf\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar, bage, fage, estepm, ftolpl);
+     }
+     /* ftolpl=6*ftol*1.e5; /\* 6.e-3 make convergences in less than 80 loops for the prevalence limit *\/ */
+     /*ftolpl=6.e-4;*/ /* 6.e-3 make convergences in less than 80 loops for the prevalence limit */
+     /* fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d ftolpl=%\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm); */
      if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
      if (fage <= 2) {
        bage = ageminpar;
- Line 6448  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12025  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      }
      fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
-     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
+     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d ftolpl=%e\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm, ftolpl);
-     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
+     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d, ftolpl=%e\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm, ftolpl);
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+     /* Other stuffs, more or less useful */
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
-       fputs(line,stdout);
+       if (line[0] == '#') {
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+         numlinepar++;
+         fputs(line,stdout);
+         fputs(line,ficparo);
+         fputs(line,ficlog);
+         continue;
+       }else
+         break;
      }
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav)) !=EOF){
-     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
-     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+       if (num_filled != 7) {
-     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+         printf("Error: Not 7 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:begin-prev-date=1/1/1990 end-prev-date=1/6/2004  mov_average=0\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
-     printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error: Not 7 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:begin-prev-date=1/1/1990 end-prev-date=1/6/2004  mov_average=0\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+         goto end;
+       }
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+       printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-       fputs(line,stdout);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+     }
+     while(fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)) {
+       /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
+       if (line[0] == '#') {
+         numlinepar++;
+         fputs(line,stdout);
+         fputs(line,ficparo);
+         fputs(line,ficlog);
+         continue;
+       }else
+         break;
      }
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
      dateprev1=anprev1+(mprev1-1)/12.+(jprev1-1)/365.;
      dateprev2=anprev2+(mprev2-1)/12.+(jprev2-1)/365.;
-     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
+     if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased)) !=EOF){
-     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
+       if (num_filled != 1) {
-     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
+         printf("Error: Not 1 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:pop_based=0\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error: Not 1 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example: pop_based=1\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+         goto end;
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       }
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       printf("pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
-       fputs(line,stdout);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+       fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
+       fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
      }
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     /* Results */
-     fscanf(ficpar,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj);
+     nresult=0;
-     fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+     do{
-     printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+       if(!fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar)){
-     fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+         endishere=1;
-     fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+         parameterline=14;
-     /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
+       }else if (line[0] == '#') {
+         /* If line starts with a # it is a comment */
+         numlinepar++;
+         fputs(line,stdout);
+         fputs(line,ficparo);
+         fputs(line,ficlog);
+         continue;
+       }else if(sscanf(line,"prevforecast=%[^\n]\n",modeltemp))
+         parameterline=11;
+       else if(sscanf(line,"backcast=%[^\n]\n",modeltemp))
+         parameterline=12;
+       else if(sscanf(line,"result:%[^\n]\n",modeltemp))
+         parameterline=13;
+       else{
+         parameterline=14;
+       }
+       switch (parameterline){
+       case 11:
+         if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj)) !=EOF){
+           if (num_filled != 8) {
+             printf("Error: Not 8 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:prevforecast=1 starting-proj-date=1/1/1990 final-proj-date=1/1/2000 mobil_average=0\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error: Not 8 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:prevforecast=1 starting-proj-date=1/1/1990 final-proj-date=1/1/2000 mov_average=0\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
+             goto end;
+           }
+           fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
+           dateproj1=anproj1+(mproj1-1)/12.+(jproj1-1)/365.;
+           dateproj2=anproj2+(mproj2-1)/12.+(jproj2-1)/365.;
+         }
+         break;
+       case 12:
+         /*fscanf(ficpar,"backcast=%d starting-back-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-back-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&backcast,&jback1,&mback1,&anback1,&jback2,&mback2,&anback2,&mobilavproj);*/
+         if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"backcast=%d starting-back-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-back-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&backcast,&jback1,&mback1,&anback1,&jback2,&mback2,&anback2,&mobilavproj)) !=EOF){
+           if (num_filled != 8) {
+             printf("Error: Not 8 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:backcast=1 starting-back-date=1/1/1990 final-back-date=1/1/1970 mobil_average=1\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error: Not 8 (data)parameters in line but %d, for example:backcast=1 starting-back-date=1/1/1990 final-back-date=1/1/1970 mobil_average=1\n, your line=%s . Probably you are running an older format.\n",num_filled,line);
+             goto end;
+           }
+           printf("backcast=%d starting-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",backcast,jback1,mback1,anback1,jback2,mback2,anback2,mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficparo,"backcast=%d starting-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",backcast,jback1,mback1,anback1,jback2,mback2,anback2,mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"backcast=%d starting-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",backcast,jback1,mback1,anback1,jback2,mback2,anback2,mobilavproj);
+           fprintf(ficres,"backcast=%d starting-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-back-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",backcast,jback1,mback1,anback1,jback2,mback2,anback2,mobilavproj);
+           /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
+           dateback1=anback1+(mback1-1)/12.+(jback1-1)/365.;
+           dateback2=anback2+(mback2-1)/12.+(jback2-1)/365.;
+         }
+         break;
+       case 13:
+         if((num_filled=sscanf(line,"result:%[^\n]\n",resultline)) !=EOF){
+           if (num_filled == 0){
+             resultline[0]='\0';
+             printf("Warning %d: no result line! It should be at minimum 'result: V2=0 V1=1 or result:.\n%s\n", num_filled, line);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d: no result line! It should be at minimum 'result: V2=0 V1=1 or result:.\n%s\n", num_filled, line);
+             break;
+           } else if (num_filled != 1){
+             printf("ERROR %d: result line! It should be at minimum 'result: V2=0 V1=1 or result:.' %s\n",num_filled, line);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"ERROR %d: result line! It should be at minimum 'result: V2=0 V1=1 or result:.' %s\n",num_filled, line);
+           }
+           nresult++; /* Sum of resultlines */
+           printf("Result %d: result=%s\n",nresult, resultline);
+           if(nresult > MAXRESULTLINES){
+             printf("ERROR: Current version of IMaCh limits the number of resultlines to %d, you used %d\n",MAXRESULTLINES,nresult);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"ERROR: Current version of IMaCh limits the number of resultlines to %d, you used %d\n",MAXRESULTLINES,nresult);
+             goto end;
+           }
+           decoderesult(resultline, nresult); /* Fills TKresult[nresult] combination and Tresult[nresult][k4+1] combination values */
+           fprintf(ficparo,"result: %s\n",resultline);
+           fprintf(ficres,"result: %s\n",resultline);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"result: %s\n",resultline);
+           break;
+         case 14:
+           if(ncovmodel >2 && nresult==0 ){
+             printf("ERROR: no result lines! It should be at minimum 'result: V2=0 V1=1 or result:.' %s\n",line);
+             goto end;
+           }
+           break;
+         default:
+           nresult=1;
+           decoderesult(".",nresult ); /* No covariate */
+         }
+       } /* End switch parameterline */
+     }while(endishere==0); /* End do */
-      /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint); */
+     /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint); */
      /* ,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2); */
      replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
-     printinggnuplot(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
+     if(ageminpar == AGEOVERFLOW ||agemaxpar == -AGEOVERFLOW){
+       printf("Warning! Error in gnuplot file with ageminpar %f or agemaxpar %f overflow\n\
-     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,\
+ This is probably because your parameter file doesn't \n  contain the exact number of lines (or columns) corresponding to your model line.\n\
-                  model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,\
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
-                  jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! Error in gnuplot file with ageminpar %f or agemaxpar %f overflow\n\
+ This is probably because your parameter file doesn't \n  contain the exact number of lines (or columns) corresponding to your model line.\n\
-    /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
+ Please run with mle=-1 to get a correct covariance matrix.\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
-    /*  chdir(path); */
+     }else{
+       /* printinggnuplot(fileresu, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, prevfcast, backcast, pathc,p, (int)anproj1-(int)agemin, (int)anback1-(int)agemax+1); */
-     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
+       printinggnuplot(fileresu, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage, fage, prevfcast, backcast, pathc,p, (int)anproj1-bage, (int)anback1-fage);
-     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     }
-     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     printinghtml(fileresu,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt, \
-     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+                  model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,mobilav,prevfcast,mobilavproj,backcast, estepm, \
+                  jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,dateprev1, dateproj1, dateback1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2,dateprev2,dateproj2, dateback2);
+     /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
+     /*  chdir(path); */
+     /* free_ivector(wav,1,imx); */  /* Moved after last prevalence call */
+     /* free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx); */
+     /* free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx); */
+     /* free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);    */
      free_lvector(num,1,n);
      free_vector(agedc,1,n);
      /*free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
      /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
      fclose(ficparo);
      fclose(ficres);
+     /* Other results (useful)*/
      /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
- #include "prevlim.h"  /* Use ficrespl, ficlog */
+     /*#include "prevlim.h"*/  /* Use ficrespl, ficlog */
+     prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+     prevalence_limit(p, prlim,  ageminpar, agemaxpar, ftolpl, &ncvyear);
      fclose(ficrespl);
- #ifdef FREEEXIT2
- #include "freeexit2.h"
- #endif
      /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
- #include "hpijx.h"
+     /*#include "hpijx.h"*/
+     hPijx(p, bage, fage);
      fclose(ficrespij);
-   /*-------------- Variance of one-step probabilities---*/
+     /* ncovcombmax=  pow(2,cptcoveff); */
+     /*-------------- Variance of one-step probabilities---*/
      k=1;
      varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, bage, fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,strstart);
+     /* Prevalence for each covariate combination in probs[age][status][cov] */
-     probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     probs= ma3x(AGEINF,AGESUP,1,nlstate+ndeath, 1,ncovcombmax);
-     for(i=1;i<=AGESUP;i++)
+     for(i=AGEINF;i<=AGESUP;i++)
-       for(j=1;j<=NCOVMAX;j++)
+       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* ndeath is useless but a necessity to be compared with mobaverages */
-         for(k=1;k<=NCOVMAX;k++)
+         for(k=1;k<=ncovcombmax;k++)
            probs[i][j][k]=0.;
+     prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemaxpar, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode,
+                ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+     if (mobilav!=0 ||mobilavproj !=0 ) {
+       mobaverages= ma3x(AGEINF, AGESUP,1,nlstate+ndeath, 1,ncovcombmax);
+       for(i=AGEINF;i<=AGESUP;i++)
+         for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+           for(k=1;k<=ncovcombmax;k++)
+             mobaverages[i][j][k]=0.;
+       mobaverage=mobaverages;
+       if (mobilav!=0) {
+         printf("Movingaveraging observed prevalence\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Movingaveraging observed prevalence\n");
+         if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, agemaxpar, mobaverage, mobilav)!=0){
+           fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+           printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+         }
+       } else if (mobilavproj !=0) {
+         printf("Movingaveraging projected observed prevalence\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Movingaveraging projected observed prevalence\n");
+         if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, agemaxpar, mobaverage, mobilavproj)!=0){
+           fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilavproj=%d\n",mobilavproj);
+           printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilavproj=%d\n",mobilavproj);
+         }
+       }else{
+         printf("Internal error moving average\n");
+         fflush(stdout);
+         exit(1);
+       }
+     }/* end if moving average */
      /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
-     /*if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){*/
      if(prevfcast==1){
        /*    if(stepm ==1){*/
-       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
+       prevforecast(fileresu, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, mobaverage, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
-       /* (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);*/
-       /*      }  */
-       /*      else{ */
-       /*        erreur=108; */
-       /*        printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
-       /*        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
-       /*      } */
      }
-     /* Computes prevalence between agemin (i.e minimal age computed) and no more ageminpar */
+     /* Backcasting */
+     if(backcast==1){
-     prevalence(probs, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+       ddnewms=matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     /*  printf("ageminpar=%f, agemax=%f, s[lastpass][imx]=%d, agev[lastpass][imx]=%f, nlstate=%d, imx=%d,  mint[lastpass][imx]=%f, anint[lastpass][imx]=%f,dateprev1=%f, dateprev2=%f, firstpass=%d, lastpass=%d\n",\
+       ddoldms=matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-         ageminpar, agemax, s[lastpass][imx], agev[lastpass][imx], nlstate, imx, mint[lastpass][imx],anint[lastpass][imx], dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+       ddsavms=matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     */
-     if (mobilav!=0) {
+       /*--------------- Back Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
-       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
-         fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-         printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-       }
-     }
+       bprlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-     /*---------- Health expectancies, no variances ------------*/
+       back_prevalence_limit(p, bprlim,  ageminpar, agemaxpar, ftolpl, &ncvyear, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass, mobilavproj);
+       fclose(ficresplb);
+       hBijx(p, bage, fage, mobaverage);
+       fclose(ficrespijb);
-     strcpy(filerese,"e");
+       prevbackforecast(fileresu, mobaverage, anback1, mback1, jback1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,
-     strcat(filerese,fileres);
+                        mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anback2, p, cptcoveff);
+       varbprlim(fileresu, nresult, mobaverage, mobilavproj, bage, fage, bprlim, &ncvyear, ftolpl, p, matcov, delti, stepm, cptcoveff);
+       free_matrix(bprlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate); /*here or after loop ? */
+       free_matrix(ddnewms, 1, nlstate+ndeath, 1, nlstate+ndeath);
+       free_matrix(ddsavms, 1, nlstate+ndeath, 1, nlstate+ndeath);
+       free_matrix(ddoldms, 1, nlstate+ndeath, 1, nlstate+ndeath);
+     }    /* end  Backcasting */
+     /* ------ Other prevalence ratios------------ */
+     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
+     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);
+     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);
+     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+2,1,imx);
+     /*---------- Health expectancies, no variances ------------*/
+     strcpy(filerese,"E_");
+     strcat(filerese,fileresu);
      if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
      }
-     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' ...", filerese);fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' ...", filerese);fflush(ficlog);
-     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
-     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
-         fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-           fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-         }
-         fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
-         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+     pstamp(ficreseij);
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-         evsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart);
+     i1=pow(2,cptcoveff); /* Number of combination of dummy covariates */
+     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){ /* For any combination of dummy covariates, fixed and varying */
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
+         continue;
+       fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
+       printf("\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         printf("V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficreseij," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
+       printf("******\n");
-         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-       /*}*/
+       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+       evsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart, nres);
+       free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
      }
      fclose(ficreseij);
+     printf("done evsij\n");fflush(stdout);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"done evsij\n");fflush(ficlog);
-     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
+     /*---------- State-specific expectancies and variances ------------*/
+     strcpy(filerest,"T_");
-     strcpy(filerest,"t");
+     strcat(filerest,fileresu);
-     strcat(filerest,fileres);
      if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
      }
-     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' ...\n", filerest); fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' ...\n", filerest); fflush(ficlog);
+     strcpy(fileresstde,"STDE_");
+     strcat(fileresstde,fileresu);
-     strcpy(fileresstde,"stde");
-     strcat(fileresstde,fileres);
      if((ficresstdeij=fopen(fileresstde,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+       printf("Problem with State specific Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with State specific Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
      }
-     printf("Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     printf("  Computing State-specific Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"  Computing State-specific Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
-     strcpy(filerescve,"cve");
+     strcpy(filerescve,"CVE_");
-     strcat(filerescve,fileres);
+     strcat(filerescve,fileresu);
      if((ficrescveij=fopen(filerescve,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+       printf("Problem with Covar. State-specific Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. State-specific Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
      }
-     printf("Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     printf("    Computing Covar. of State-specific Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"    Computing Covar. of State-specific Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
-     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
+     strcpy(fileresv,"V_");
-     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
+     strcat(fileresv,fileresu);
      if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
      }
-     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+     printf("      Computing Variance-covariance of State-specific Expectancies: file '%s' ... ", fileresv);fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"      Computing Variance-covariance of State-specific Expectancies: file '%s' ... ", fileresv);fflush(ficlog);
-     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
-     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
-         fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
-           fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-         fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
-         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
-         fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-           fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-           fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-         }
-         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
-         fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
-         fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
-           fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-         fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
-         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-         cvevsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart);
-         /*
-          */
-         /* goto endfree; */
-         vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-         pstamp(ficrest);
-         for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms; /* Segmentation fault */
-           cptcod= 0; /* To be deleted */
-           varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,vpopbased,mobilav, strstart); /* cptcod not initialized Intel */
-           fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
-           if(vpopbased==1)
-             fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d)\n",mobilav);
-           else
-             fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
-           fprintf(ficrest,"# Age e.. (std) ");
-           for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
-           fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
-           epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
+     i1=pow(2,cptcoveff); /* Number of combination of dummy covariates */
-           for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
+     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
-             prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
-             if (vpopbased==1) {
+     for(nres=1; nres <= nresult; nres++) /* For each resultline */
-               if(mobilav ==0){
+     for(k=1; k<=i1;k++){ /* For any combination of dummy covariates, fixed and varying */
-                 for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       if(i1 != 1 && TKresult[nres]!= k)
-                   prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
+         continue;
-               }else{ /* mobilav */
+       printf("\n#****** Result for:");
-                 for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** Result for:");
-                   prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n#****** Result for:");
-               }
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++){
-             }
+         printf("V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
-             fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
-             for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
+       }
-               for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
-                 epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
+         printf(" V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
-                 /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+         fprintf(ficrest," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
-               }
+         fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
-               epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
+       }
+       fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+       printf("******\n");
+       fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
+       fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+         fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       }
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(ficresstdeij," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+         fprintf(ficrescveij," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
+       fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
+       fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
+       /* pstamp(ficresvij); */
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+         fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]);
+       for (j=1; j<= nsq; j++){ /* For each selected (single) quantitative value */
+         fprintf(ficresvij," V%d=%f ",Tvqresult[nres][j],Tqresult[nres][j]);
+       }
+       fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
+       eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+       printf(" cvevsij ");
+       fprintf(ficlog, " cvevsij ");
+       cvevsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart, nres);
+       printf(" end cvevsij \n ");
+       fprintf(ficlog, " end cvevsij \n ");
+       /*
+        */
+       /* goto endfree; */
+       vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       pstamp(ficrest);
+       epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
+       for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms; /* ZZ Segmentation fault */
+         cptcod= 0; /* To be deleted */
+         printf("varevsij vpopbased=%d \n",vpopbased);
+         fprintf(ficlog, "varevsij vpopbased=%d \n",vpopbased);
+         varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl, &ncvyear, k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,vpopbased,mobilav, strstart, nres); /* cptcod not initialized Intel */
+         fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
+         if(vpopbased==1)
+           fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d)\n",mobilav);
+         else
+           fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+         fprintf(ficrest,"# Age popbased mobilav e.. (std) ");
+         for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
+         fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
+         /* printf("Which p?\n"); for(i=1;i<=npar;i++)printf("p[i=%d]=%lf,",i,p[i]);printf("\n"); */
+         printf("Computing age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Computing age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+         for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
+           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm, ftolpl, &ncvyear, k, nres); /*ZZ Is it the correct prevalim */
+           if (vpopbased==1) {
+             if(mobilav ==0){
+               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+                 prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
+             }else{ /* mobilav */
+               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+                 prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
              }
+           }
-             for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
-               for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
+           fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f %d %d",age, vpopbased, mobilav);
-                 vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
+           /* fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f %d %d %d %d",age, vpopbased, mobilav,Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtabm(k,j)]); */ /* to be done */
-             fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
+           /* printf(" age %4.0f ",age); */
-             for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
+           for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
-               fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
+             for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
+               epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
+               /*ZZZ  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+               /* printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]); */
              }
-             fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
+             epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
            }
+           /* printf(" age %4.0f \n",age); */
+           for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
+             for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
+               vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
+           fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
+           for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
+             fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
+           }
+           fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
          }
-         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       } /* End vpopbased */
-         free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
-         free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
+       free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-       /*}*/
+       free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-     }
+       printf("done selection\n");fflush(stdout);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"done selection\n");fflush(ficlog);
+     } /* End k selection */
+     printf("done State-specific expectancies\n");fflush(stdout);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"done State-specific expectancies\n");fflush(ficlog);
+     /* variance-covariance of period prevalence*/
+     varprlim(fileresu, nresult, mobaverage, mobilavproj, bage, fage, prlim, &ncvyear, ftolpl, p, matcov, delti, stepm, cptcoveff);
      free_vector(weight,1,n);
      free_imatrix(Tvard,1,NCOVMAX,1,2);
      free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
- Line 6743  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12528  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      fclose(ficresvij);
      fclose(ficrest);
      fclose(ficpar);
-     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/
-     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
-     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
-     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
-       exit(0);
-     }
-     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
-     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
-     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
-         fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
-           fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-         fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
-         varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-         varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k,strstart);
-         free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-       /*}*/
-     }
-     fclose(ficresvpl);
      /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
-     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     if (mobilav!=0 ||mobilavproj !=0)
-     free_ma3x(probs,1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+       free_ma3x(mobaverages,AGEINF, AGESUP,1,nlstate+ndeath, 1,ncovcombmax); /* We need to have a squared matrix with prevalence of the dead! */
-   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
+     free_ma3x(probs,AGEINF,AGESUP,1,nlstate+ndeath, 1,ncovcombmax);
-  endfree:
      free_matrix(prlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate); /*here or after loop ? */
      free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
-     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+   /* endfree:*/
-     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+   free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
+   free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
+   free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
+   if(ntv+nqtv>=1)free_ma3x(cotvar,1,maxwav,1,ntv+nqtv,1,n);
-     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+   if(nqtv>=1)free_ma3x(cotqvar,1,maxwav,1,nqtv,1,n);
-     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
+   if(nqv>=1)free_matrix(coqvar,1,nqv,1,n);
-     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+   free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
+   free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
-     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
-     free_ivector(Tvar,1,NCOVMAX);
+   /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
-     free_ivector(Tprod,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
-     free_ivector(Tage,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ma3x(paramstart,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+   free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-     free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
-     free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10);
+   free_ivector(ncodemax,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(ncodemaxwundef,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Dummy,-1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Fixed,-1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(DummyV,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(FixedV,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Typevar,-1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tvar,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarsQ,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarsQind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarsD,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarsDind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarFD,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarFDind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarF,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarFind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarV,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarVind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarA,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarAind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarFQ,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarFQind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarVD,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarVDind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarVQ,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TvarVQind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tvarsel,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_vector(Tvalsel,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tposprod,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tprod,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(invalidvarcomb,1,ncovcombmax);
+   free_ivector(Tage,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(Tmodelind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TmodelInvind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_ivector(TmodelInvQind,1,NCOVMAX);
+   free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
+   /* free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10); */
    fflush(fichtm);
    fflush(ficgp);
    if((nberr >0) || (nbwarn>0)){
-     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings. Please look at the log file for details.\n",nberr,nbwarn);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d. Please look at the log file for details.\n",nberr,nbwarn);
    }else{
      printf("End of Imach\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
- Line 6818  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12613  Interval (in months) between two waves:
    printf("Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s",strstart, strtend);
    fprintf(ficlog,"Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s\n",strstart, strtend);
    printf("Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
    printf("Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
    fprintf(ficlog,"Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
    fprintf(ficlog,"Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
- Line 6831  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12626  Interval (in months) between two waves:
    fclose(ficgp);
    fclose(ficlog);
    /*------ End -----------*/
-    printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
+   printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
-    if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
+ #ifdef WIN32
+   if (_chdir(pathcd) != 0)
      printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n",path);
-   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
+   if(_getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
+ #else
+     if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
+       printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n", path);
+   if (getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE) > 0)
+ #endif
      printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
    /*strcat(plotcmd,CHARSEPARATOR);*/
    sprintf(plotcmd,"gnuplot");
- Line 6861  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12662  Interval (in months) between two waves:
    sprintf(plotcmd,"%s %s",pplotcmd, optionfilegnuplot);
    printf("Starting graphs with: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
    if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0){
      printf("gnuplot command might not be in your path: '%s', err=%d\n", plotcmd, outcmd);
      printf("\n Trying if gnuplot resides on the same directory that IMaCh\n");
- Line 6889  Interval (in months) between two waves:
+ Line 12690  Interval (in months) between two waves:
      else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
      else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
    }
-   end:
+ end:
    while (z[0] != 'q') {
-     printf("\nType  q for exiting: ");
+     printf("\nType  q for exiting: "); fflush(stdout);
      scanf("%s",z);
    }
  }

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