Annotation of imach/src/imach.c, revision 1.159

1.159   ! brouard     1: /* $Id: imach.c,v 1.158 2014/08/27 17:11:51 brouard Exp $
1.126     brouard     2:   $State: Exp $
                      3:   $Log: imach.c,v $
1.159   ! brouard     4:   Revision 1.158  2014/08/27 17:11:51  brouard
        !             5:   *** empty log message ***
        !             6: 
1.158     brouard     7:   Revision 1.157  2014/08/27 16:26:55  brouard
                      8:   Summary: Preparing windows Visual studio version
                      9:   Author: Brouard
                     10: 
                     11:   In order to compile on Visual studio, time.h is now correct and time_t
                     12:   and tm struct should be used. difftime should be used but sometimes I
                     13:   just make the differences in raw time format (time(&now).
                     14:   Trying to suppress #ifdef LINUX
                     15:   Add xdg-open for __linux in order to open default browser.
                     16: 
1.157     brouard    17:   Revision 1.156  2014/08/25 20:10:10  brouard
                     18:   *** empty log message ***
                     19: 
1.156     brouard    20:   Revision 1.155  2014/08/25 18:32:34  brouard
                     21:   Summary: New compile, minor changes
                     22:   Author: Brouard
                     23: 
1.155     brouard    24:   Revision 1.154  2014/06/20 17:32:08  brouard
                     25:   Summary: Outputs now all graphs of convergence to period prevalence
                     26: 
1.154     brouard    27:   Revision 1.153  2014/06/20 16:45:46  brouard
                     28:   Summary: If 3 live state, convergence to period prevalence on same graph
                     29:   Author: Brouard
                     30: 
1.153     brouard    31:   Revision 1.152  2014/06/18 17:54:09  brouard
                     32:   Summary: open browser, use gnuplot on same dir than imach if not found in the path
                     33: 
1.152     brouard    34:   Revision 1.151  2014/06/18 16:43:30  brouard
                     35:   *** empty log message ***
                     36: 
1.151     brouard    37:   Revision 1.150  2014/06/18 16:42:35  brouard
                     38:   Summary: If gnuplot is not in the path try on same directory than imach binary (OSX)
                     39:   Author: brouard
                     40: 
1.150     brouard    41:   Revision 1.149  2014/06/18 15:51:14  brouard
                     42:   Summary: Some fixes in parameter files errors
                     43:   Author: Nicolas Brouard
                     44: 
1.149     brouard    45:   Revision 1.148  2014/06/17 17:38:48  brouard
                     46:   Summary: Nothing new
                     47:   Author: Brouard
                     48: 
                     49:   Just a new packaging for OS/X version 0.98nS
                     50: 
1.148     brouard    51:   Revision 1.147  2014/06/16 10:33:11  brouard
                     52:   *** empty log message ***
                     53: 
1.147     brouard    54:   Revision 1.146  2014/06/16 10:20:28  brouard
                     55:   Summary: Merge
                     56:   Author: Brouard
                     57: 
                     58:   Merge, before building revised version.
                     59: 
1.146     brouard    60:   Revision 1.145  2014/06/10 21:23:15  brouard
                     61:   Summary: Debugging with valgrind
                     62:   Author: Nicolas Brouard
                     63: 
                     64:   Lot of changes in order to output the results with some covariates
                     65:   After the Edimburgh REVES conference 2014, it seems mandatory to
                     66:   improve the code.
                     67:   No more memory valgrind error but a lot has to be done in order to
                     68:   continue the work of splitting the code into subroutines.
                     69:   Also, decodemodel has been improved. Tricode is still not
                     70:   optimal. nbcode should be improved. Documentation has been added in
                     71:   the source code.
                     72: 
1.144     brouard    73:   Revision 1.143  2014/01/26 09:45:38  brouard
                     74:   Summary: Version 0.98nR (to be improved, but gives same optimization results as 0.98k. Nice, promising
                     75: 
                     76:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
                     77:   (Module): Version 0.98nR Running ok, but output format still only works for three covariates.
                     78: 
1.143     brouard    79:   Revision 1.142  2014/01/26 03:57:36  brouard
                     80:   Summary: gnuplot changed plot w l 1 has to be changed to plot w l lt 2
                     81: 
                     82:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
                     83: 
1.142     brouard    84:   Revision 1.141  2014/01/26 02:42:01  brouard
                     85:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
                     86: 
1.141     brouard    87:   Revision 1.140  2011/09/02 10:37:54  brouard
                     88:   Summary: times.h is ok with mingw32 now.
                     89: 
1.140     brouard    90:   Revision 1.139  2010/06/14 07:50:17  brouard
                     91:   After the theft of my laptop, I probably lost some lines of codes which were not uploaded to the CVS tree.
                     92:   I remember having already fixed agemin agemax which are pointers now but not cvs saved.
                     93: 
1.139     brouard    94:   Revision 1.138  2010/04/30 18:19:40  brouard
                     95:   *** empty log message ***
                     96: 
1.138     brouard    97:   Revision 1.137  2010/04/29 18:11:38  brouard
                     98:   (Module): Checking covariates for more complex models
                     99:   than V1+V2. A lot of change to be done. Unstable.
                    100: 
1.137     brouard   101:   Revision 1.136  2010/04/26 20:30:53  brouard
                    102:   (Module): merging some libgsl code. Fixing computation
                    103:   of likelione (using inter/intrapolation if mle = 0) in order to
                    104:   get same likelihood as if mle=1.
                    105:   Some cleaning of code and comments added.
                    106: 
1.136     brouard   107:   Revision 1.135  2009/10/29 15:33:14  brouard
                    108:   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
                    109: 
1.135     brouard   110:   Revision 1.134  2009/10/29 13:18:53  brouard
                    111:   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
                    112: 
1.134     brouard   113:   Revision 1.133  2009/07/06 10:21:25  brouard
                    114:   just nforces
                    115: 
1.133     brouard   116:   Revision 1.132  2009/07/06 08:22:05  brouard
                    117:   Many tings
                    118: 
1.132     brouard   119:   Revision 1.131  2009/06/20 16:22:47  brouard
                    120:   Some dimensions resccaled
                    121: 
1.131     brouard   122:   Revision 1.130  2009/05/26 06:44:34  brouard
                    123:   (Module): Max Covariate is now set to 20 instead of 8. A
                    124:   lot of cleaning with variables initialized to 0. Trying to make
                    125:   V2+V3*age+V1+V4 strb=V3*age+V1+V4 working better.
                    126: 
1.130     brouard   127:   Revision 1.129  2007/08/31 13:49:27  lievre
                    128:   Modification of the way of exiting when the covariate is not binary in order to see on the window the error message before exiting
                    129: 
1.129     lievre    130:   Revision 1.128  2006/06/30 13:02:05  brouard
                    131:   (Module): Clarifications on computing e.j
                    132: 
1.128     brouard   133:   Revision 1.127  2006/04/28 18:11:50  brouard
                    134:   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
                    135:   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
                    136:   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
                    137:   (Module): In order to speed up (in case of numerous covariates) we
                    138:   compute health expectancies (without variances) in a first step
                    139:   and then all the health expectancies with variances or standard
                    140:   deviation (needs data from the Hessian matrices) which slows the
                    141:   computation.
                    142:   In the future we should be able to stop the program is only health
                    143:   expectancies and graph are needed without standard deviations.
                    144: 
1.127     brouard   145:   Revision 1.126  2006/04/28 17:23:28  brouard
                    146:   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
                    147:   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
                    148:   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
                    149:   Version 0.98h
                    150: 
1.126     brouard   151:   Revision 1.125  2006/04/04 15:20:31  lievre
                    152:   Errors in calculation of health expectancies. Age was not initialized.
                    153:   Forecasting file added.
                    154: 
                    155:   Revision 1.124  2006/03/22 17:13:53  lievre
                    156:   Parameters are printed with %lf instead of %f (more numbers after the comma).
                    157:   The log-likelihood is printed in the log file
                    158: 
                    159:   Revision 1.123  2006/03/20 10:52:43  brouard
                    160:   * imach.c (Module): <title> changed, corresponds to .htm file
                    161:   name. <head> headers where missing.
                    162: 
                    163:   * imach.c (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
                    164:   English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
                    165:   otherwise the weight is truncated).
                    166:   Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
                    167:   1.
                    168:   Version 0.98g
                    169: 
                    170:   Revision 1.122  2006/03/20 09:45:41  brouard
                    171:   (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
                    172:   English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
                    173:   otherwise the weight is truncated).
                    174:   Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
                    175:   1.
                    176:   Version 0.98g
                    177: 
                    178:   Revision 1.121  2006/03/16 17:45:01  lievre
                    179:   * imach.c (Module): Comments concerning covariates added
                    180: 
                    181:   * imach.c (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
                    182:   status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
                    183:   not 1 month. Version 0.98f
                    184: 
                    185:   Revision 1.120  2006/03/16 15:10:38  lievre
                    186:   (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
                    187:   status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
                    188:   not 1 month. Version 0.98f
                    189: 
                    190:   Revision 1.119  2006/03/15 17:42:26  brouard
                    191:   (Module): Bug if status = -2, the loglikelihood was
                    192:   computed as likelihood omitting the logarithm. Version O.98e
                    193: 
                    194:   Revision 1.118  2006/03/14 18:20:07  brouard
                    195:   (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
                    196:   table of variances if popbased=1 .
                    197:   (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
                    198:   (Module): Function pstamp added
                    199:   (Module): Version 0.98d
                    200: 
                    201:   Revision 1.117  2006/03/14 17:16:22  brouard
                    202:   (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
                    203:   table of variances if popbased=1 .
                    204:   (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
                    205:   (Module): Function pstamp added
                    206:   (Module): Version 0.98d
                    207: 
                    208:   Revision 1.116  2006/03/06 10:29:27  brouard
                    209:   (Module): Variance-covariance wrong links and
                    210:   varian-covariance of ej. is needed (Saito).
                    211: 
                    212:   Revision 1.115  2006/02/27 12:17:45  brouard
                    213:   (Module): One freematrix added in mlikeli! 0.98c
                    214: 
                    215:   Revision 1.114  2006/02/26 12:57:58  brouard
                    216:   (Module): Some improvements in processing parameter
                    217:   filename with strsep.
                    218: 
                    219:   Revision 1.113  2006/02/24 14:20:24  brouard
                    220:   (Module): Memory leaks checks with valgrind and:
                    221:   datafile was not closed, some imatrix were not freed and on matrix
                    222:   allocation too.
                    223: 
                    224:   Revision 1.112  2006/01/30 09:55:26  brouard
                    225:   (Module): Back to gnuplot.exe instead of wgnuplot.exe
                    226: 
                    227:   Revision 1.111  2006/01/25 20:38:18  brouard
                    228:   (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
                    229:   (Module): Comments can be added in data file. Missing date values
                    230:   can be a simple dot '.'.
                    231: 
                    232:   Revision 1.110  2006/01/25 00:51:50  brouard
                    233:   (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
                    234: 
                    235:   Revision 1.109  2006/01/24 19:37:15  brouard
                    236:   (Module): Comments (lines starting with a #) are allowed in data.
                    237: 
                    238:   Revision 1.108  2006/01/19 18:05:42  lievre
                    239:   Gnuplot problem appeared...
                    240:   To be fixed
                    241: 
                    242:   Revision 1.107  2006/01/19 16:20:37  brouard
                    243:   Test existence of gnuplot in imach path
                    244: 
                    245:   Revision 1.106  2006/01/19 13:24:36  brouard
                    246:   Some cleaning and links added in html output
                    247: 
                    248:   Revision 1.105  2006/01/05 20:23:19  lievre
                    249:   *** empty log message ***
                    250: 
                    251:   Revision 1.104  2005/09/30 16:11:43  lievre
                    252:   (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
                    253:   (Module): If the status is missing at the last wave but we know
                    254:   that the person is alive, then we can code his/her status as -2
                    255:   (instead of missing=-1 in earlier versions) and his/her
                    256:   contributions to the likelihood is 1 - Prob of dying from last
                    257:   health status (= 1-p13= p11+p12 in the easiest case of somebody in
                    258:   the healthy state at last known wave). Version is 0.98
                    259: 
                    260:   Revision 1.103  2005/09/30 15:54:49  lievre
                    261:   (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
                    262: 
                    263:   Revision 1.102  2004/09/15 17:31:30  brouard
                    264:   Add the possibility to read data file including tab characters.
                    265: 
                    266:   Revision 1.101  2004/09/15 10:38:38  brouard
                    267:   Fix on curr_time
                    268: 
                    269:   Revision 1.100  2004/07/12 18:29:06  brouard
                    270:   Add version for Mac OS X. Just define UNIX in Makefile
                    271: 
                    272:   Revision 1.99  2004/06/05 08:57:40  brouard
                    273:   *** empty log message ***
                    274: 
                    275:   Revision 1.98  2004/05/16 15:05:56  brouard
                    276:   New version 0.97 . First attempt to estimate force of mortality
                    277:   directly from the data i.e. without the need of knowing the health
                    278:   state at each age, but using a Gompertz model: log u =a + b*age .
                    279:   This is the basic analysis of mortality and should be done before any
                    280:   other analysis, in order to test if the mortality estimated from the
                    281:   cross-longitudinal survey is different from the mortality estimated
                    282:   from other sources like vital statistic data.
                    283: 
                    284:   The same imach parameter file can be used but the option for mle should be -3.
                    285: 
1.133     brouard   286:   Agnès, who wrote this part of the code, tried to keep most of the
1.126     brouard   287:   former routines in order to include the new code within the former code.
                    288: 
                    289:   The output is very simple: only an estimate of the intercept and of
                    290:   the slope with 95% confident intervals.
                    291: 
                    292:   Current limitations:
                    293:   A) Even if you enter covariates, i.e. with the
                    294:   model= V1+V2 equation for example, the programm does only estimate a unique global model without covariates.
                    295:   B) There is no computation of Life Expectancy nor Life Table.
                    296: 
                    297:   Revision 1.97  2004/02/20 13:25:42  lievre
                    298:   Version 0.96d. Population forecasting command line is (temporarily)
                    299:   suppressed.
                    300: 
                    301:   Revision 1.96  2003/07/15 15:38:55  brouard
                    302:   * imach.c (Repository): Errors in subdirf, 2, 3 while printing tmpout is
                    303:   rewritten within the same printf. Workaround: many printfs.
                    304: 
                    305:   Revision 1.95  2003/07/08 07:54:34  brouard
                    306:   * imach.c (Repository):
                    307:   (Repository): Using imachwizard code to output a more meaningful covariance
                    308:   matrix (cov(a12,c31) instead of numbers.
                    309: 
                    310:   Revision 1.94  2003/06/27 13:00:02  brouard
                    311:   Just cleaning
                    312: 
                    313:   Revision 1.93  2003/06/25 16:33:55  brouard
                    314:   (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
                    315:   exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
                    316:   (Module): Version 0.96b
                    317: 
                    318:   Revision 1.92  2003/06/25 16:30:45  brouard
                    319:   (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
                    320:   exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
                    321: 
                    322:   Revision 1.91  2003/06/25 15:30:29  brouard
                    323:   * imach.c (Repository): Duplicated warning errors corrected.
                    324:   (Repository): Elapsed time after each iteration is now output. It
                    325:   helps to forecast when convergence will be reached. Elapsed time
                    326:   is stamped in powell.  We created a new html file for the graphs
                    327:   concerning matrix of covariance. It has extension -cov.htm.
                    328: 
                    329:   Revision 1.90  2003/06/24 12:34:15  brouard
                    330:   (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
                    331:   mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
                    332:   of the covariance matrix to be input.
                    333: 
                    334:   Revision 1.89  2003/06/24 12:30:52  brouard
                    335:   (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
                    336:   mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
                    337:   of the covariance matrix to be input.
                    338: 
                    339:   Revision 1.88  2003/06/23 17:54:56  brouard
                    340:   * imach.c (Repository): Create a sub-directory where all the secondary files are. Only imach, htm, gp and r(imach) are on the main directory. Correct time and other things.
                    341: 
                    342:   Revision 1.87  2003/06/18 12:26:01  brouard
                    343:   Version 0.96
                    344: 
                    345:   Revision 1.86  2003/06/17 20:04:08  brouard
                    346:   (Module): Change position of html and gnuplot routines and added
                    347:   routine fileappend.
                    348: 
                    349:   Revision 1.85  2003/06/17 13:12:43  brouard
                    350:   * imach.c (Repository): Check when date of death was earlier that
                    351:   current date of interview. It may happen when the death was just
                    352:   prior to the death. In this case, dh was negative and likelihood
                    353:   was wrong (infinity). We still send an "Error" but patch by
                    354:   assuming that the date of death was just one stepm after the
                    355:   interview.
                    356:   (Repository): Because some people have very long ID (first column)
                    357:   we changed int to long in num[] and we added a new lvector for
                    358:   memory allocation. But we also truncated to 8 characters (left
                    359:   truncation)
                    360:   (Repository): No more line truncation errors.
                    361: 
                    362:   Revision 1.84  2003/06/13 21:44:43  brouard
                    363:   * imach.c (Repository): Replace "freqsummary" at a correct
                    364:   place. It differs from routine "prevalence" which may be called
                    365:   many times. Probs is memory consuming and must be used with
                    366:   parcimony.
                    367:   Version 0.95a3 (should output exactly the same maximization than 0.8a2)
                    368: 
                    369:   Revision 1.83  2003/06/10 13:39:11  lievre
                    370:   *** empty log message ***
                    371: 
                    372:   Revision 1.82  2003/06/05 15:57:20  brouard
                    373:   Add log in  imach.c and  fullversion number is now printed.
                    374: 
                    375: */
                    376: /*
                    377:    Interpolated Markov Chain
                    378: 
                    379:   Short summary of the programme:
                    380:   
                    381:   This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from
                    382:   cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a
                    383:   first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are
                    384:   interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the
                    385:   case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a
                    386:   second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change
                    387:   (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are
                    388:   computed from the time spent in each health state according to a
                    389:   model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the
                    390:   Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The
                    391:   simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the
                    392:   probability to be observed in state j at the second wave
                    393:   conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore
                    394:   the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where
                    395:   'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more
                    396:   complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program
                    397:   where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites
                    398:   you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
                    399:   convergence.
                    400: 
                    401:   The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple
                    402:   multinomial logistic model, is clear when the delay between waves is not
                    403:   identical for each individual. Also, if a individual missed an
                    404:   intermediate interview, the information is lost, but taken into
                    405:   account using an interpolation or extrapolation.  
                    406: 
                    407:   hPijx is the probability to be observed in state i at age x+h
                    408:   conditional to the observed state i at age x. The delay 'h' can be
                    409:   split into an exact number (nh*stepm) of unobserved intermediate
                    410:   states. This elementary transition (by month, quarter,
                    411:   semester or year) is modelled as a multinomial logistic.  The hPx
                    412:   matrix is simply the matrix product of nh*stepm elementary matrices
                    413:   and the contribution of each individual to the likelihood is simply
                    414:   hPijx.
                    415: 
                    416:   Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also
                    417:   of the life expectancies. It also computes the period (stable) prevalence. 
                    418:   
1.133     brouard   419:   Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).
                    420:            Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.
1.126     brouard   421:   This software have been partly granted by Euro-REVES, a concerted action
                    422:   from the European Union.
                    423:   It is copyrighted identically to a GNU software product, ie programme and
                    424:   software can be distributed freely for non commercial use. Latest version
                    425:   can be accessed at http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach .
                    426: 
                    427:   Help to debug: LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so ./imach foo.imach
                    428:   or better on gdb : set env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so
                    429:   
                    430:   **********************************************************************/
                    431: /*
                    432:   main
                    433:   read parameterfile
                    434:   read datafile
                    435:   concatwav
                    436:   freqsummary
                    437:   if (mle >= 1)
                    438:     mlikeli
                    439:   print results files
                    440:   if mle==1 
                    441:      computes hessian
                    442:   read end of parameter file: agemin, agemax, bage, fage, estepm
                    443:       begin-prev-date,...
                    444:   open gnuplot file
                    445:   open html file
1.145     brouard   446:   period (stable) prevalence      | pl_nom    1-1 2-2 etc by covariate
                    447:    for age prevalim()             | #****** V1=0  V2=1  V3=1  V4=0 ******
                    448:                                   | 65 1 0 2 1 3 1 4 0  0.96326 0.03674
                    449:     freexexit2 possible for memory heap.
                    450: 
                    451:   h Pij x                         | pij_nom  ficrestpij
                    452:    # Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j= 1-1 1-2     1-3     2-1     2-2     2-3
                    453:        1  85   85    1.00000             0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 1.00000 0.00000
                    454:        1  85   86    0.68299             0.22291 0.09410 0.71093 0.00000 0.28907
                    455: 
                    456:        1  65   99    0.00364             0.00322 0.99314 0.00350 0.00310 0.99340
                    457:        1  65  100    0.00214             0.00204 0.99581 0.00206 0.00196 0.99597
                    458:   variance of p one-step probabilities varprob  | prob_nom   ficresprob #One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()
                    459:    Standard deviation of one-step probabilities | probcor_nom   ficresprobcor #One-step probabilities and correlation matrix
                    460:    Matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities |  probcov_nom ficresprobcov #One-step probabilities and covariance matrix
                    461: 
1.126     brouard   462:   forecasting if prevfcast==1 prevforecast call prevalence()
                    463:   health expectancies
                    464:   Variance-covariance of DFLE
                    465:   prevalence()
                    466:    movingaverage()
                    467:   varevsij() 
                    468:   if popbased==1 varevsij(,popbased)
                    469:   total life expectancies
                    470:   Variance of period (stable) prevalence
                    471:  end
                    472: */
                    473: 
                    474: 
                    475: 
                    476:  
                    477: #include <math.h>
                    478: #include <stdio.h>
                    479: #include <stdlib.h>
                    480: #include <string.h>
1.159   ! brouard   481: 
        !           482: #ifdef _WIN32
        !           483: #include <io.h>
        !           484: #else
1.126     brouard   485: #include <unistd.h>
1.159   ! brouard   486: #endif
1.126     brouard   487: 
                    488: #include <limits.h>
                    489: #include <sys/types.h>
                    490: #include <sys/stat.h>
                    491: #include <errno.h>
1.159   ! brouard   492: /* extern int errno; */
1.126     brouard   493: 
1.157     brouard   494: /* #ifdef LINUX */
                    495: /* #include <time.h> */
                    496: /* #include "timeval.h" */
                    497: /* #else */
                    498: /* #include <sys/time.h> */
                    499: /* #endif */
                    500: 
1.126     brouard   501: #include <time.h>
                    502: 
1.136     brouard   503: #ifdef GSL
                    504: #include <gsl/gsl_errno.h>
                    505: #include <gsl/gsl_multimin.h>
                    506: #endif
                    507: 
1.126     brouard   508: /* #include <libintl.h> */
                    509: /* #define _(String) gettext (String) */
                    510: 
1.141     brouard   511: #define MAXLINE 1024 /* Was 256. Overflow with 312 with 2 states and 4 covariates. Should be ok */
1.126     brouard   512: 
                    513: #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
                    514: /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
                    515: #define FILENAMELENGTH 132
                    516: 
                    517: #define        GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH              -1      /* empty path */
                    518: #define        GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD              -2      /* cannot get cwd */
                    519: 
1.144     brouard   520: #define MAXPARM 128 /**< Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */
                    521: #define NPARMAX 64 /**< (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */
1.126     brouard   522: 
                    523: #define NINTERVMAX 8
1.144     brouard   524: #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of live states (for func) */
                    525: #define NDEATHMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
                    526: #define NCOVMAX 20 /**< Maximum number of covariates, including generated covariates V1*V2 */
1.145     brouard   527: #define codtabm(h,k)  1 & (h-1) >> (k-1) ;
1.126     brouard   528: #define MAXN 20000
1.144     brouard   529: #define YEARM 12. /**< Number of months per year */
1.126     brouard   530: #define AGESUP 130
                    531: #define AGEBASE 40
1.144     brouard   532: #define AGEGOMP 10. /**< Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
1.157     brouard   533: #ifdef _WIN32
                    534: #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
                    535: #define CHARSEPARATOR "\\"
                    536: #define ODIRSEPARATOR '/'
                    537: #else
1.126     brouard   538: #define DIRSEPARATOR '/'
                    539: #define CHARSEPARATOR "/"
                    540: #define ODIRSEPARATOR '\\'
                    541: #endif
                    542: 
1.159   ! brouard   543: /* $Id: imach.c,v 1.158 2014/08/27 17:11:51 brouard Exp $ */
1.126     brouard   544: /* $State: Exp $ */
                    545: 
1.157     brouard   546: char version[]="Imach version 0.98nX, August 2014,INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121)";
1.159   ! brouard   547: char fullversion[]="$Revision: 1.158 $ $Date: 2014/08/27 17:11:51 $"; 
1.126     brouard   548: char strstart[80];
                    549: char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH];
1.130     brouard   550: int erreur=0, nberr=0, nbwarn=0; /* Error number, number of errors number of warnings  */
1.133     brouard   551: int nvar=0, nforce=0; /* Number of variables, number of forces */
1.145     brouard   552: /* Number of covariates model=V2+V1+ V3*age+V2*V4 */
                    553: int cptcovn=0; /**< cptcovn number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age and age*product) */
                    554: int cptcovt=0; /**< cptcovt number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age) */
                    555: int cptcovs=0; /**< cptcovs number of simple covariates V2+V1 =2 */
                    556: int cptcovage=0; /**< Number of covariates with age: V3*age only =1 */
                    557: int cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age */   
                    558: int cptcoveff=0; /* Total number of covariates to vary for printing results */
                    559: int cptcov=0; /* Working variable */
1.126     brouard   560: int npar=NPARMAX;
                    561: int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
                    562: int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
1.130     brouard   563: int ncovmodel=0, ncovcol=0;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
1.126     brouard   564: int popbased=0;
                    565: 
                    566: int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
1.130     brouard   567: int maxwav=0; /* Maxim number of waves */
                    568: int jmin=0, jmax=0; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */
                    569: int ijmin=0, ijmax=0; /* Individuals having jmin and jmax */ 
                    570: int gipmx=0, gsw=0; /* Global variables on the number of contributions 
1.126     brouard   571:                   to the likelihood and the sum of weights (done by funcone)*/
1.130     brouard   572: int mle=1, weightopt=0;
1.126     brouard   573: int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */
                    574: int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */
                    575: int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
                    576:           * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
1.130     brouard   577: double jmean=1; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
1.145     brouard   578: double **matprod2(); /* test */
1.126     brouard   579: double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
                    580: double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
1.136     brouard   581: /*FILE *fic ; */ /* Used in readdata only */
                    582: FILE *ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
1.126     brouard   583: FILE *ficlog, *ficrespow;
1.130     brouard   584: int globpr=0; /* Global variable for printing or not */
1.126     brouard   585: double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
1.130     brouard   586: long ipmx=0; /* Number of contributions */
1.126     brouard   587: double sw; /* Sum of weights */
                    588: char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    589: char fileresilk[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* File of individual contributions to the likelihood */
                    590: FILE *ficresilk;
                    591: FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop, *ficresprobcov, *ficresprobcor;
                    592: FILE *ficresprobmorprev;
                    593: FILE *fichtm, *fichtmcov; /* Html File */
                    594: FILE *ficreseij;
                    595: char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    596: FILE *ficresstdeij;
                    597: char fileresstde[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    598: FILE *ficrescveij;
                    599: char filerescve[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    600: FILE  *ficresvij;
                    601: char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    602: FILE  *ficresvpl;
                    603: char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    604: char title[MAXLINE];
                    605: char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    606: char plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH], pplotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    607: char tmpout[FILENAMELENGTH],  tmpout2[FILENAMELENGTH]; 
                    608: char command[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    609: int  outcmd=0;
                    610: 
                    611: char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    612: 
                    613: char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
                    614: char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    615: char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    616: char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];
                    617: 
                    618: char optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtmcov[FILENAMELENGTH] ;
                    619: 
1.157     brouard   620: /* struct timeval start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time; */
                    621: /* struct timezone tzp; */
                    622: /* extern int gettimeofday(); */
                    623: struct tm tml, *gmtime(), *localtime();
                    624: 
                    625: extern time_t time();
                    626: 
                    627: struct tm start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time;
                    628: time_t  rstart_time, rend_time, rcurr_time, rlast_time, rforecast_time; /* raw time */
                    629: struct tm tm;
                    630: 
1.126     brouard   631: char strcurr[80], strfor[80];
                    632: 
                    633: char *endptr;
                    634: long lval;
                    635: double dval;
                    636: 
                    637: #define NR_END 1
                    638: #define FREE_ARG char*
                    639: #define FTOL 1.0e-10
                    640: 
                    641: #define NRANSI 
                    642: #define ITMAX 200 
                    643: 
                    644: #define TOL 2.0e-4 
                    645: 
                    646: #define CGOLD 0.3819660 
                    647: #define ZEPS 1.0e-10 
                    648: #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d); 
                    649: 
                    650: #define GOLD 1.618034 
                    651: #define GLIMIT 100.0 
                    652: #define TINY 1.0e-20 
                    653: 
                    654: static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
                    655: #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
                    656: #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
                    657:   
                    658: #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
                    659: #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
                    660: 
                    661: static double sqrarg;
                    662: #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
                    663: #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;} 
                    664: int agegomp= AGEGOMP;
                    665: 
                    666: int imx; 
                    667: int stepm=1;
                    668: /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/
                    669: 
                    670: int estepm;
                    671: /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/
                    672: 
                    673: int m,nb;
                    674: long *num;
                    675: int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage,*cens;
                    676: double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
                    677: double **pmmij, ***probs;
                    678: double *ageexmed,*agecens;
                    679: double dateintmean=0;
                    680: 
                    681: double *weight;
                    682: int **s; /* Status */
1.141     brouard   683: double *agedc;
1.145     brouard   684: double  **covar; /**< covar[j,i], value of jth covariate for individual i,
1.141     brouard   685:                  * covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n); 
                    686:                  * cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; */
                    687: double  idx; 
                    688: int **nbcode, *Tvar; /**< model=V2 => Tvar[1]= 2 */
1.145     brouard   689: int *Ndum; /** Freq of modality (tricode */
1.141     brouard   690: int **codtab; /**< codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); */
                    691: int **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
1.126     brouard   692: double *lsurv, *lpop, *tpop;
                    693: 
1.143     brouard   694: double ftol=FTOL; /**< Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
                    695: double ftolhess; /**< Tolerance for computing hessian */
1.126     brouard   696: 
                    697: /**************** split *************************/
                    698: static int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )
                    699: {
                    700:   /* From a file name with (full) path (either Unix or Windows) we extract the directory (dirc)
                    701:      the name of the file (name), its extension only (ext) and its first part of the name (finame)
                    702:   */ 
                    703:   char *ss;                            /* pointer */
                    704:   int  l1, l2;                         /* length counters */
                    705: 
                    706:   l1 = strlen(path );                  /* length of path */
                    707:   if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
                    708:   ss= strrchr( path, DIRSEPARATOR );           /* find last / */
                    709:   if ( ss == NULL ) {                  /* no directory, so determine current directory */
                    710:     strcpy( name, path );              /* we got the fullname name because no directory */
                    711:     /*if(strrchr(path, ODIRSEPARATOR )==NULL)
                    712:       printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
                    713:     /* get current working directory */
                    714:     /*    extern  char* getcwd ( char *buf , int len);*/
                    715:     if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
                    716:       return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
                    717:     }
                    718:     /* got dirc from getcwd*/
                    719:     printf(" DIRC = %s \n",dirc);
                    720:   } else {                             /* strip direcotry from path */
                    721:     ss++;                              /* after this, the filename */
                    722:     l2 = strlen( ss );                 /* length of filename */
                    723:     if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
                    724:     strcpy( name, ss );                /* save file name */
                    725:     strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );    /* now the directory */
                    726:     dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                   /* add zero */
                    727:     printf(" DIRC2 = %s \n",dirc);
                    728:   }
                    729:   /* We add a separator at the end of dirc if not exists */
                    730:   l1 = strlen( dirc );                 /* length of directory */
                    731:   if( dirc[l1-1] != DIRSEPARATOR ){
                    732:     dirc[l1] =  DIRSEPARATOR;
                    733:     dirc[l1+1] = 0; 
                    734:     printf(" DIRC3 = %s \n",dirc);
                    735:   }
                    736:   ss = strrchr( name, '.' );           /* find last / */
                    737:   if (ss >0){
                    738:     ss++;
                    739:     strcpy(ext,ss);                    /* save extension */
                    740:     l1= strlen( name);
                    741:     l2= strlen(ss)+1;
                    742:     strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);
                    743:     finame[l1-l2]= 0;
                    744:   }
                    745: 
                    746:   return( 0 );                         /* we're done */
                    747: }
                    748: 
                    749: 
                    750: /******************************************/
                    751: 
                    752: void replace_back_to_slash(char *s, char*t)
                    753: {
                    754:   int i;
                    755:   int lg=0;
                    756:   i=0;
                    757:   lg=strlen(t);
                    758:   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
                    759:     (s[i] = t[i]);
                    760:     if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';
                    761:   }
                    762: }
                    763: 
1.132     brouard   764: char *trimbb(char *out, char *in)
1.137     brouard   765: { /* Trim multiple blanks in line but keeps first blanks if line starts with blanks */
1.132     brouard   766:   char *s;
                    767:   s=out;
                    768:   while (*in != '\0'){
1.137     brouard   769:     while( *in == ' ' && *(in+1) == ' '){ /* && *(in+1) != '\0'){*/
1.132     brouard   770:       in++;
                    771:     }
                    772:     *out++ = *in++;
                    773:   }
                    774:   *out='\0';
                    775:   return s;
                    776: }
                    777: 
1.145     brouard   778: char *cutl(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
                    779: {
                    780:   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before first occurence of char 'occ' 
                    781:      and alocc starts after first occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
                    782:      gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
                    783:      If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns blocc
                    784:   */
                    785:   char *s, *t, *bl;
                    786:   t=in;s=in;
                    787:   while ((*in != occ) && (*in != '\0')){
                    788:     *alocc++ = *in++;
                    789:   }
                    790:   if( *in == occ){
                    791:     *(alocc)='\0';
                    792:     s=++in;
                    793:   }
                    794:  
                    795:   if (s == t) {/* occ not found */
                    796:     *(alocc-(in-s))='\0';
                    797:     in=s;
                    798:   }
                    799:   while ( *in != '\0'){
                    800:     *blocc++ = *in++;
                    801:   }
                    802: 
                    803:   *blocc='\0';
                    804:   return t;
                    805: }
1.137     brouard   806: char *cutv(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
                    807: {
                    808:   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before last occurence of char 'occ' 
                    809:      and alocc starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
                    810:      gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
                    811:      If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns alocc
                    812:   */
                    813:   char *s, *t;
                    814:   t=in;s=in;
                    815:   while (*in != '\0'){
                    816:     while( *in == occ){
                    817:       *blocc++ = *in++;
                    818:       s=in;
                    819:     }
                    820:     *blocc++ = *in++;
                    821:   }
                    822:   if (s == t) /* occ not found */
                    823:     *(blocc-(in-s))='\0';
                    824:   else
                    825:     *(blocc-(in-s)-1)='\0';
                    826:   in=s;
                    827:   while ( *in != '\0'){
                    828:     *alocc++ = *in++;
                    829:   }
                    830: 
                    831:   *alocc='\0';
                    832:   return s;
                    833: }
                    834: 
1.126     brouard   835: int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
                    836: {
                    837:   int i,j=0;
                    838:   int lg=20;
                    839:   i=0;
                    840:   lg=strlen(s);
                    841:   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
                    842:   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
                    843:   }
                    844:   return j;
                    845: }
                    846: 
1.137     brouard   847: /* void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ) */
                    848: /* { */
                    849: /*   /\* cuts string t into u and v where u ends before last occurence of char 'occ'  */
                    850: /*      and v starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(u,v,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2') */
                    851: /*      gives u="abcdef2ghi" and v="j" *\/ */
                    852: /*   int i,lg,j,p=0; */
                    853: /*   i=0; */
                    854: /*   lg=strlen(t); */
                    855: /*   for(j=0; j<=lg-1; j++) { */
                    856: /*     if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1; */
                    857: /*   } */
1.126     brouard   858: 
1.137     brouard   859: /*   for(j=0; j<p; j++) { */
                    860: /*     (u[j] = t[j]); */
                    861: /*   } */
                    862: /*      u[p]='\0'; */
1.126     brouard   863: 
1.137     brouard   864: /*    for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) { */
                    865: /*     if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]); */
                    866: /*   } */
                    867: /* } */
1.126     brouard   868: 
                    869: /********************** nrerror ********************/
                    870: 
                    871: void nrerror(char error_text[])
                    872: {
                    873:   fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");
                    874:   fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);
                    875:   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                    876: }
                    877: /*********************** vector *******************/
                    878: double *vector(int nl, int nh)
                    879: {
                    880:   double *v;
                    881:   v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
                    882:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");
                    883:   return v-nl+NR_END;
                    884: }
                    885: 
                    886: /************************ free vector ******************/
                    887: void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)
                    888: {
                    889:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
                    890: }
                    891: 
                    892: /************************ivector *******************************/
                    893: int *ivector(long nl,long nh)
                    894: {
                    895:   int *v;
                    896:   v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
                    897:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
                    898:   return v-nl+NR_END;
                    899: }
                    900: 
                    901: /******************free ivector **************************/
                    902: void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)
                    903: {
                    904:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
                    905: }
                    906: 
                    907: /************************lvector *******************************/
                    908: long *lvector(long nl,long nh)
                    909: {
                    910:   long *v;
                    911:   v=(long *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(long)));
                    912:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
                    913:   return v-nl+NR_END;
                    914: }
                    915: 
                    916: /******************free lvector **************************/
                    917: void free_lvector(long *v, long nl, long nh)
                    918: {
                    919:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
                    920: }
                    921: 
                    922: /******************* imatrix *******************************/
                    923: int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch) 
                    924:      /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */ 
                    925: { 
                    926:   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1; 
                    927:   int **m; 
                    928:   
                    929:   /* allocate pointers to rows */ 
                    930:   m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*))); 
                    931:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()"); 
                    932:   m += NR_END; 
                    933:   m -= nrl; 
                    934:   
                    935:   
                    936:   /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */ 
                    937:   m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int))); 
                    938:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()"); 
                    939:   m[nrl] += NR_END; 
                    940:   m[nrl] -= ncl; 
                    941:   
                    942:   for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol; 
                    943:   
                    944:   /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */ 
                    945:   return m; 
                    946: } 
                    947: 
                    948: /****************** free_imatrix *************************/
                    949: void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)
                    950:       int **m;
                    951:       long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl; 
                    952:      /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */ 
                    953: { 
                    954:   free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END)); 
                    955:   free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END)); 
                    956: } 
                    957: 
                    958: /******************* matrix *******************************/
                    959: double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
                    960: {
                    961:   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;
                    962:   double **m;
                    963: 
                    964:   m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
                    965:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
                    966:   m += NR_END;
                    967:   m -= nrl;
                    968: 
                    969:   m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
                    970:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
                    971:   m[nrl] += NR_END;
                    972:   m[nrl] -= ncl;
                    973: 
                    974:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
                    975:   return m;
1.145     brouard   976:   /* print *(*(m+1)+70) or print m[1][70]; print m+1 or print &(m[1]) or &(m[1][0])
                    977: m[i] = address of ith row of the table. &(m[i]) is its value which is another adress
                    978: that of m[i][0]. In order to get the value p m[i][0] but it is unitialized.
1.126     brouard   979:    */
                    980: }
                    981: 
                    982: /*************************free matrix ************************/
                    983: void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
                    984: {
                    985:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
                    986:   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
                    987: }
                    988: 
                    989: /******************* ma3x *******************************/
                    990: double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)
                    991: {
                    992:   long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;
                    993:   double ***m;
                    994: 
                    995:   m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
                    996:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
                    997:   m += NR_END;
                    998:   m -= nrl;
                    999: 
                   1000:   m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
                   1001:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
                   1002:   m[nrl] += NR_END;
                   1003:   m[nrl] -= ncl;
                   1004: 
                   1005:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
                   1006: 
                   1007:   m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
                   1008:   if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");
                   1009:   m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;
                   1010:   m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;
                   1011:   for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
                   1012:     m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;
                   1013:   
                   1014:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {
                   1015:     m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;
                   1016:     for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
                   1017:       m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;
                   1018:   }
                   1019:   return m; 
                   1020:   /*  gdb: p *(m+1) <=> p m[1] and p (m+1) <=> p (m+1) <=> p &(m[1])
                   1021:            &(m[i][j][k]) <=> *((*(m+i) + j)+k)
                   1022:   */
                   1023: }
                   1024: 
                   1025: /*************************free ma3x ************************/
                   1026: void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)
                   1027: {
                   1028:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));
                   1029:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
                   1030:   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
                   1031: }
                   1032: 
                   1033: /*************** function subdirf ***********/
                   1034: char *subdirf(char fileres[])
                   1035: {
                   1036:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
                   1037:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
                   1038:   strcat(tmpout,"/"); /* Add to the right */
                   1039:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
                   1040:   return tmpout;
                   1041: }
                   1042: 
                   1043: /*************** function subdirf2 ***********/
                   1044: char *subdirf2(char fileres[], char *preop)
                   1045: {
                   1046:   
                   1047:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
                   1048:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
                   1049:   strcat(tmpout,"/");
                   1050:   strcat(tmpout,preop);
                   1051:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
                   1052:   return tmpout;
                   1053: }
                   1054: 
                   1055: /*************** function subdirf3 ***********/
                   1056: char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *preop, char *preop2)
                   1057: {
                   1058:   
                   1059:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
                   1060:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
                   1061:   strcat(tmpout,"/");
                   1062:   strcat(tmpout,preop);
                   1063:   strcat(tmpout,preop2);
                   1064:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
                   1065:   return tmpout;
                   1066: }
                   1067: 
                   1068: /***************** f1dim *************************/
                   1069: extern int ncom; 
                   1070: extern double *pcom,*xicom;
                   1071: extern double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
                   1072:  
                   1073: double f1dim(double x) 
                   1074: { 
                   1075:   int j; 
                   1076:   double f;
                   1077:   double *xt; 
                   1078:  
                   1079:   xt=vector(1,ncom); 
                   1080:   for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j]; 
                   1081:   f=(*nrfunc)(xt); 
                   1082:   free_vector(xt,1,ncom); 
                   1083:   return f; 
                   1084: } 
                   1085: 
                   1086: /*****************brent *************************/
                   1087: double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,         double *xmin) 
                   1088: { 
                   1089:   int iter; 
                   1090:   double a,b,d,etemp;
1.159   ! brouard  1091:   double fu=0,fv,fw,fx;
1.126     brouard  1092:   double ftemp;
                   1093:   double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm; 
                   1094:   double e=0.0; 
                   1095:  
                   1096:   a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx); 
                   1097:   b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx); 
                   1098:   x=w=v=bx; 
                   1099:   fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x); 
                   1100:   for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) { 
                   1101:     xm=0.5*(a+b); 
                   1102:     tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS); 
                   1103:     /*         if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/
                   1104:     printf(".");fflush(stdout);
                   1105:     fprintf(ficlog,".");fflush(ficlog);
                   1106: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1107:     printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
                   1108:     fprintf(ficlog,"br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
                   1109:     /*         if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */
                   1110: #endif
                   1111:     if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){ 
                   1112:       *xmin=x; 
                   1113:       return fx; 
                   1114:     } 
                   1115:     ftemp=fu;
                   1116:     if (fabs(e) > tol1) { 
                   1117:       r=(x-w)*(fx-fv); 
                   1118:       q=(x-v)*(fx-fw); 
                   1119:       p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r; 
                   1120:       q=2.0*(q-r); 
                   1121:       if (q > 0.0) p = -p; 
                   1122:       q=fabs(q); 
                   1123:       etemp=e; 
                   1124:       e=d; 
                   1125:       if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x)) 
                   1126:        d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
                   1127:       else { 
                   1128:        d=p/q; 
                   1129:        u=x+d; 
                   1130:        if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2) 
                   1131:          d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x); 
                   1132:       } 
                   1133:     } else { 
                   1134:       d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
                   1135:     } 
                   1136:     u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d)); 
                   1137:     fu=(*f)(u); 
                   1138:     if (fu <= fx) { 
                   1139:       if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x; 
                   1140:       SHFT(v,w,x,u) 
                   1141:        SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu) 
                   1142:        } else { 
                   1143:          if (u < x) a=u; else b=u; 
                   1144:          if (fu <= fw || w == x) { 
                   1145:            v=w; 
                   1146:            w=u; 
                   1147:            fv=fw; 
                   1148:            fw=fu; 
                   1149:          } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) { 
                   1150:            v=u; 
                   1151:            fv=fu; 
                   1152:          } 
                   1153:        } 
                   1154:   } 
                   1155:   nrerror("Too many iterations in brent"); 
                   1156:   *xmin=x; 
                   1157:   return fx; 
                   1158: } 
                   1159: 
                   1160: /****************** mnbrak ***********************/
                   1161: 
                   1162: void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc, 
                   1163:            double (*func)(double)) 
                   1164: { 
                   1165:   double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
                   1166:   double fu; 
                   1167:  
                   1168:   *fa=(*func)(*ax); 
                   1169:   *fb=(*func)(*bx); 
                   1170:   if (*fb > *fa) { 
                   1171:     SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum) 
                   1172:       SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum) 
                   1173:       } 
                   1174:   *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax); 
                   1175:   *fc=(*func)(*cx); 
                   1176:   while (*fb > *fc) { 
                   1177:     r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc); 
                   1178:     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa); 
                   1179:     u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/ 
                   1180:       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r)); 
                   1181:     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx); 
                   1182:     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) { 
                   1183:       fu=(*func)(u); 
                   1184:     } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) { 
                   1185:       fu=(*func)(u); 
                   1186:       if (fu < *fc) { 
                   1187:        SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx)) 
                   1188:          SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u)) 
                   1189:          } 
                   1190:     } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) { 
                   1191:       u=ulim; 
                   1192:       fu=(*func)(u); 
                   1193:     } else { 
                   1194:       u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx); 
                   1195:       fu=(*func)(u); 
                   1196:     } 
                   1197:     SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u) 
                   1198:       SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu) 
                   1199:       } 
                   1200: } 
                   1201: 
                   1202: /*************** linmin ************************/
                   1203: 
                   1204: int ncom; 
                   1205: double *pcom,*xicom;
                   1206: double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
                   1207:  
                   1208: void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double [])) 
                   1209: { 
                   1210:   double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, 
                   1211:               double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin); 
                   1212:   double f1dim(double x); 
                   1213:   void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, 
                   1214:              double *fc, double (*func)(double)); 
                   1215:   int j; 
                   1216:   double xx,xmin,bx,ax; 
                   1217:   double fx,fb,fa;
                   1218:  
                   1219:   ncom=n; 
                   1220:   pcom=vector(1,n); 
                   1221:   xicom=vector(1,n); 
                   1222:   nrfunc=func; 
                   1223:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
                   1224:     pcom[j]=p[j]; 
                   1225:     xicom[j]=xi[j]; 
                   1226:   } 
                   1227:   ax=0.0; 
                   1228:   xx=1.0; 
                   1229:   mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim); 
                   1230:   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin); 
                   1231: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1232:   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
                   1233:   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
                   1234: #endif
                   1235:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
                   1236:     xi[j] *= xmin; 
                   1237:     p[j] += xi[j]; 
                   1238:   } 
                   1239:   free_vector(xicom,1,n); 
                   1240:   free_vector(pcom,1,n); 
                   1241: } 
                   1242: 
                   1243: char *asc_diff_time(long time_sec, char ascdiff[])
                   1244: {
                   1245:   long sec_left, days, hours, minutes;
                   1246:   days = (time_sec) / (60*60*24);
                   1247:   sec_left = (time_sec) % (60*60*24);
                   1248:   hours = (sec_left) / (60*60) ;
                   1249:   sec_left = (sec_left) %(60*60);
                   1250:   minutes = (sec_left) /60;
                   1251:   sec_left = (sec_left) % (60);
1.141     brouard  1252:   sprintf(ascdiff,"%ld day(s) %ld hour(s) %ld minute(s) %ld second(s)",days, hours, minutes, sec_left);  
1.126     brouard  1253:   return ascdiff;
                   1254: }
                   1255: 
                   1256: /*************** powell ************************/
                   1257: void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret, 
                   1258:            double (*func)(double [])) 
                   1259: { 
                   1260:   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret, 
                   1261:              double (*func)(double [])); 
                   1262:   int i,ibig,j; 
                   1263:   double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
                   1264:   double fp,fptt;
                   1265:   double *xits;
                   1266:   int niterf, itmp;
                   1267: 
                   1268:   pt=vector(1,n); 
                   1269:   ptt=vector(1,n); 
                   1270:   xit=vector(1,n); 
                   1271:   xits=vector(1,n); 
                   1272:   *fret=(*func)(p); 
                   1273:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j]; 
1.157     brouard  1274:     rcurr_time = time(NULL);  
1.126     brouard  1275:   for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) { 
                   1276:     fp=(*fret); 
                   1277:     ibig=0; 
                   1278:     del=0.0; 
1.157     brouard  1279:     rlast_time=rcurr_time;
                   1280:     /* (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
                   1281:     rcurr_time = time(NULL);  
                   1282:     curr_time = *localtime(&rcurr_time);
                   1283:     printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time);fflush(stdout);
                   1284:     fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret,rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time); fflush(ficlog);
                   1285: /*     fprintf(ficrespow,"%d %.12f %ld",*iter,*fret,curr_time.tm_sec-start_time.tm_sec); */
1.126     brouard  1286:    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
                   1287:       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
                   1288:       fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12lf",i, p[i]);
                   1289:       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[i]);
                   1290:     }
                   1291:     printf("\n");
                   1292:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   1293:     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
                   1294:     if(*iter <=3){
1.157     brouard  1295:       tml = *localtime(&rcurr_time);
                   1296:       strcpy(strcurr,asctime(&tml));
1.126     brouard  1297: /*       asctime_r(&tm,strcurr); */
1.157     brouard  1298:       rforecast_time=rcurr_time; 
1.126     brouard  1299:       itmp = strlen(strcurr);
                   1300:       if(strcurr[itmp-1]=='\n')  /* Windows outputs with a new line */
                   1301:        strcurr[itmp-1]='\0';
1.157     brouard  1302:       printf("\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,rcurr_time-rlast_time);
                   1303:       fprintf(ficlog,"\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,rcurr_time-rlast_time);
1.126     brouard  1304:       for(niterf=10;niterf<=30;niterf+=10){
1.157     brouard  1305:        rforecast_time=rcurr_time+(niterf-*iter)*(rcurr_time-rlast_time);
                   1306:        forecast_time = *localtime(&rforecast_time);
1.126     brouard  1307: /*     asctime_r(&tmf,strfor); */
1.157     brouard  1308:        strcpy(strfor,asctime(&forecast_time));
1.126     brouard  1309:        itmp = strlen(strfor);
                   1310:        if(strfor[itmp-1]=='\n')
                   1311:        strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
1.157     brouard  1312:        printf("   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
                   1313:        fprintf(ficlog,"   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
1.126     brouard  1314:       }
                   1315:     }
                   1316:     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
                   1317:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i]; 
                   1318:       fptt=(*fret); 
                   1319: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1320:       printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);
                   1321:       fprintf(ficlog,"fret=%lf \n",*fret);
                   1322: #endif
                   1323:       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
                   1324:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
                   1325:       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); 
                   1326:       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) { 
                   1327:        del=fabs(fptt-(*fret)); 
                   1328:        ibig=i; 
                   1329:       } 
                   1330: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1331:       printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
                   1332:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
                   1333:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
                   1334:        xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
                   1335:        printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
                   1336:        fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
                   1337:       }
                   1338:       for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
                   1339:        printf(" p=%.12e",p[j]);
                   1340:        fprintf(ficlog," p=%.12e",p[j]);
                   1341:       }
                   1342:       printf("\n");
                   1343:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   1344: #endif
                   1345:     } 
                   1346:     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {
                   1347: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1348:       int k[2],l;
                   1349:       k[0]=1;
                   1350:       k[1]=-1;
                   1351:       printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
                   1352:       fprintf(ficlog,"Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
                   1353:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
                   1354:        printf(" %.12e",p[j]);
                   1355:        fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",p[j]);
                   1356:       }
                   1357:       printf("\n");
                   1358:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   1359:       for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {
                   1360:        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
                   1361:          ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];
                   1362:          printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
                   1363:          fprintf(ficlog,"l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
                   1364:        }
                   1365:        printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
                   1366:        fprintf(ficlog,"func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
                   1367:       }
                   1368: #endif
                   1369: 
                   1370: 
                   1371:       free_vector(xit,1,n); 
                   1372:       free_vector(xits,1,n); 
                   1373:       free_vector(ptt,1,n); 
                   1374:       free_vector(pt,1,n); 
                   1375:       return; 
                   1376:     } 
                   1377:     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations."); 
                   1378:     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
                   1379:       ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j]; 
                   1380:       xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j]; 
                   1381:       pt[j]=p[j]; 
                   1382:     } 
                   1383:     fptt=(*func)(ptt); 
                   1384:     if (fptt < fp) { 
                   1385:       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt); 
                   1386:       if (t < 0.0) { 
                   1387:        linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); 
                   1388:        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
                   1389:          xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n]; 
                   1390:          xi[j][n]=xit[j]; 
                   1391:        }
                   1392: #ifdef DEBUG
                   1393:        printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
                   1394:        fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
                   1395:        for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
                   1396:          printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
                   1397:          fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
                   1398:        }
                   1399:        printf("\n");
                   1400:        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   1401: #endif
                   1402:       }
                   1403:     } 
                   1404:   } 
                   1405: } 
                   1406: 
                   1407: /**** Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
                   1408: 
                   1409: double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
                   1410: {
                   1411:   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
                   1412:      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
                   1413: 
                   1414:   int i, ii,j,k;
                   1415:   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
1.145     brouard  1416:   /* double **matprod2(); */ /* test */
1.131     brouard  1417:   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **pmij();
1.126     brouard  1418:   double **newm;
                   1419:   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
                   1420: 
                   1421:   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1422:     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1423:       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1424:     }
                   1425: 
                   1426:    cov[1]=1.;
                   1427:  
                   1428:  /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
                   1429:   for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
                   1430:     newm=savm;
                   1431:     /* Covariates have to be included here again */
1.138     brouard  1432:     cov[2]=agefin;
                   1433:     
                   1434:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
                   1435:       cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
1.145     brouard  1436:       /*printf("prevalim ij=%d k=%d Tvar[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[%d][Tvar[%d]]=%d \n",ij,k, k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], ij, k, codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
1.138     brouard  1437:     }
1.145     brouard  1438:     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
                   1439:     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /\* Useless *\/ */
                   1440:     /*   cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]]; */
1.138     brouard  1441:     
                   1442:     /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
                   1443:     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
                   1444:     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
1.145     brouard  1445:     /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
                   1446:     /* out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
1.142     brouard  1447:     out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /* Bug Valgrind */
1.138     brouard  1448:     
1.126     brouard  1449:     savm=oldm;
                   1450:     oldm=newm;
                   1451:     maxmax=0.;
                   1452:     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
                   1453:       min=1.;
                   1454:       max=0.;
                   1455:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
                   1456:        sumnew=0;
                   1457:        for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
                   1458:        prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
1.145     brouard  1459:         /*printf(" prevalim i=%d, j=%d, prmlim[%d][%d]=%f, agefin=%d \n", i, j, i, j, prlim[i][j],(int)agefin);*/
1.126     brouard  1460:        max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
                   1461:        min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
                   1462:       }
                   1463:       maxmin=max-min;
                   1464:       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
                   1465:     }
                   1466:     if(maxmax < ftolpl){
                   1467:       return prlim;
                   1468:     }
                   1469:   }
                   1470: }
                   1471: 
                   1472: /*************** transition probabilities ***************/ 
                   1473: 
                   1474: double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
                   1475: {
1.138     brouard  1476:   /* According to parameters values stored in x and the covariate's values stored in cov,
                   1477:      computes the probability to be observed in state j being in state i by appying the
                   1478:      model to the ncovmodel covariates (including constant and age).
                   1479:      lnpijopii=ln(pij/pii)= aij+bij*age+cij*v1+dij*v2+... = sum_nc=1^ncovmodel xij(nc)*cov[nc]
                   1480:      and, according on how parameters are entered, the position of the coefficient xij(nc) of the
                   1481:      ncth covariate in the global vector x is given by the formula:
                   1482:      j<i nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel
                   1483:      j>=i nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel
                   1484:      Computes ln(pij/pii) (lnpijopii), deduces pij/pii by exponentiation,
                   1485:      sums on j different of i to get 1-pii/pii, deduces pii, and then all pij.
                   1486:      Outputs ps[i][j] the probability to be observed in j being in j according to
                   1487:      the values of the covariates cov[nc] and corresponding parameter values x[nc+shiftij]
                   1488:   */
                   1489:   double s1, lnpijopii;
1.126     brouard  1490:   /*double t34;*/
                   1491:   int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;
                   1492: 
                   1493:     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
                   1494:       for(j=1; j<i;j++){
1.138     brouard  1495:        for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
                   1496:          /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
                   1497:          lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
                   1498: /*      printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
1.126     brouard  1499:        }
1.138     brouard  1500:        ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
                   1501: /*     printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
1.126     brouard  1502:       }
                   1503:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
1.138     brouard  1504:        for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
                   1505:          /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
                   1506:          lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
                   1507: /*       printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
1.126     brouard  1508:        }
1.138     brouard  1509:        ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
1.126     brouard  1510:       }
                   1511:     }
                   1512:     
                   1513:     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
                   1514:       s1=0;
1.131     brouard  1515:       for(j=1; j<i; j++){
1.138     brouard  1516:        s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
1.131     brouard  1517:        /*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
                   1518:       }
                   1519:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
1.138     brouard  1520:        s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
1.131     brouard  1521:        /*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
                   1522:       }
1.138     brouard  1523:       /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
1.126     brouard  1524:       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
1.138     brouard  1525:       /* Computing other pijs */
1.126     brouard  1526:       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
                   1527:        ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
                   1528:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
                   1529:        ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
                   1530:       /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
                   1531:     } /* end i */
                   1532:     
                   1533:     for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
                   1534:       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
                   1535:        ps[ii][jj]=0;
                   1536:        ps[ii][ii]=1;
                   1537:       }
                   1538:     }
                   1539:     
1.145     brouard  1540:     
                   1541:     /* for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
                   1542:     /*   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
                   1543:     /*         printf(" pmij  ps[%d][%d]=%lf ",ii,jj,ps[ii][jj]); */
                   1544:     /*   } */
                   1545:     /*   printf("\n "); */
                   1546:     /* } */
                   1547:     /* printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
                   1548:     /*
1.126     brouard  1549:       for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
                   1550:       goto end;*/
                   1551:     return ps;
                   1552: }
                   1553: 
                   1554: /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
                   1555: 
1.145     brouard  1556: double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,int nrl, int nrh, int ncl, int nch, int ncolol, int ncoloh, double **b)
1.126     brouard  1557: {
                   1558:   /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times
                   1559:      b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */
                   1560:   /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized 
                   1561:      before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns
                   1562:      a pointer to pointers identical to out */
1.145     brouard  1563:   int i, j, k;
1.126     brouard  1564:   for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)
1.145     brouard  1565:     for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++){
                   1566:       out[i][k]=0.;
                   1567:       for(j=ncl; j<=nch; j++)
                   1568:        out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];
                   1569:     }
1.126     brouard  1570:   return out;
                   1571: }
                   1572: 
                   1573: 
                   1574: /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
                   1575: 
                   1576: double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
                   1577: {
                   1578:   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over 
                   1579:      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
                   1580:      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying 
                   1581:      nhstepm*hstepm matrices. 
                   1582:      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step 
                   1583:      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big 
                   1584:      for the memory).
                   1585:      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be 
                   1586:      included manually here. 
                   1587: 
                   1588:      */
                   1589: 
                   1590:   int i, j, d, h, k;
1.131     brouard  1591:   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
1.126     brouard  1592:   double **newm;
                   1593: 
                   1594:   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
                   1595:   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
                   1596:     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1597:       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1598:       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1599:     }
                   1600:   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
                   1601:   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
                   1602:     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
                   1603:       newm=savm;
                   1604:       /* Covariates have to be included here again */
                   1605:       cov[1]=1.;
                   1606:       cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
1.131     brouard  1607:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) 
                   1608:        cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
1.126     brouard  1609:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)
                   1610:        cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
1.145     brouard  1611:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /* Useless because included in cptcovn */
1.126     brouard  1612:        cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
                   1613: 
                   1614: 
                   1615:       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
                   1616:       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
                   1617:       out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, 
                   1618:                   pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1619:       savm=oldm;
                   1620:       oldm=newm;
                   1621:     }
                   1622:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
                   1623:       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                   1624:        po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
1.128     brouard  1625:        /*if(h==nhstepm) printf("po[%d][%d][%d]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);*/
1.126     brouard  1626:       }
1.128     brouard  1627:     /*printf("h=%d ",h);*/
1.126     brouard  1628:   } /* end h */
1.128     brouard  1629: /*     printf("\n H=%d \n",h); */
1.126     brouard  1630:   return po;
                   1631: }
                   1632: 
                   1633: 
                   1634: /*************** log-likelihood *************/
                   1635: double func( double *x)
                   1636: {
                   1637:   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
1.131     brouard  1638:   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
1.126     brouard  1639:   double **out;
                   1640:   double sw; /* Sum of weights */
                   1641:   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
                   1642:   int s1, s2;
                   1643:   double bbh, survp;
                   1644:   long ipmx;
                   1645:   /*extern weight */
                   1646:   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
                   1647:   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
                   1648:   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++) 
                   1649:     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
                   1650:   */
                   1651:   cov[1]=1.;
                   1652: 
                   1653:   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
                   1654: 
                   1655:   if(mle==1){
                   1656:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
1.138     brouard  1657:       /* Computes the values of the ncovmodel covariates of the model
                   1658:         depending if the covariates are fixed or variying (age dependent) and stores them in cov[]
                   1659:         Then computes with function pmij which return a matrix p[i][j] giving the elementary probability
                   1660:         to be observed in j being in i according to the model.
                   1661:        */
1.145     brouard  1662:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++){ /* Simple and product covariates without age* products */
                   1663:        cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1664:       }
1.137     brouard  1665:       /* In model V2+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2 Tvar[1] is V2, Tvar[2=V1*V4] 
1.138     brouard  1666:         is 6, Tvar[3=age*V3] should not be computed because of age Tvar[4=V3*V2] 
1.137     brouard  1667:         has been calculated etc */
1.126     brouard  1668:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1669:        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1670:          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1671:            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1672:            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1673:          }
                   1674:        for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1675:          newm=savm;
                   1676:          cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1677:          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
1.137     brouard  1678:            cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; /* Tage[kk] gives the data-covariate associated with age */
1.126     brouard  1679:          }
                   1680:          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1681:                       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1682:          savm=oldm;
                   1683:          oldm=newm;
                   1684:        } /* end mult */
                   1685:       
                   1686:        /*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
                   1687:        /* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias at large stepm.
                   1688:         * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay 
                   1689:         * (in months) between two waves is not a multiple of stepm, we rounded to 
                   1690:         * the nearest (and in case of equal distance, to the lowest) interval but now
                   1691:         * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
                   1692:         * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. Then we inter(extra)polate the
                   1693:         * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
                   1694:         * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
                   1695:         * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
                   1696:         * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
                   1697:         * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions. 
                   1698:         */
                   1699:        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1700:        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1701:        bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
                   1702:        /* bias bh is positive if real duration
                   1703:         * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
                   1704:         */
                   1705:        /* lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
                   1706:        if( s2 > nlstate){ 
                   1707:          /* i.e. if s2 is a death state and if the date of death is known 
                   1708:             then the contribution to the likelihood is the probability to 
                   1709:             die between last step unit time and current  step unit time, 
                   1710:             which is also equal to probability to die before dh 
                   1711:             minus probability to die before dh-stepm . 
                   1712:             In version up to 0.92 likelihood was computed
                   1713:        as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
                   1714:        health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
                   1715:        and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
                   1716:        to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
                   1717:        (healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
                   1718:        introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
                   1719:        the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
                   1720:        contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
                   1721:        stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
                   1722:        and month of death but the probability to survive from last
                   1723:        interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
                   1724:        probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
                   1725:        Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
                   1726:        mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
                   1727:        which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
                   1728:        lower mortality.
                   1729:          */
                   1730:          lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
                   1731: 
                   1732: 
                   1733:        } else if  (s2==-2) {
                   1734:          for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++) 
                   1735:            survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
                   1736:          /*survp += out[s1][j]; */
                   1737:          lli= log(survp);
                   1738:        }
                   1739:        
                   1740:        else if  (s2==-4) { 
                   1741:          for (j=3,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)  
                   1742:            survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
                   1743:          lli= log(survp); 
                   1744:        } 
                   1745: 
                   1746:        else if  (s2==-5) { 
                   1747:          for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)  
                   1748:            survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
                   1749:          lli= log(survp); 
                   1750:        } 
                   1751:        
                   1752:        else{
                   1753:          lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
                   1754:          /*  lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/ /* linear interpolation */
                   1755:        } 
                   1756:        /*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
                   1757:        /*if(lli ==000.0)*/
                   1758:        /*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
                   1759:        ipmx +=1;
                   1760:        sw += weight[i];
                   1761:        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
                   1762:       } /* end of wave */
                   1763:     } /* end of individual */
                   1764:   }  else if(mle==2){
                   1765:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
                   1766:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1767:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1768:        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1769:          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1770:            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1771:            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1772:          }
                   1773:        for(d=0; d<=dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1774:          newm=savm;
                   1775:          cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1776:          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
                   1777:            cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   1778:          }
                   1779:          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1780:                       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1781:          savm=oldm;
                   1782:          oldm=newm;
                   1783:        } /* end mult */
                   1784:       
                   1785:        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1786:        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1787:        bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
                   1788:        lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
                   1789:        ipmx +=1;
                   1790:        sw += weight[i];
                   1791:        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
                   1792:       } /* end of wave */
                   1793:     } /* end of individual */
                   1794:   }  else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
                   1795:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
                   1796:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1797:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1798:        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1799:          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1800:            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1801:            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1802:          }
                   1803:        for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1804:          newm=savm;
                   1805:          cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1806:          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
                   1807:            cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   1808:          }
                   1809:          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1810:                       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1811:          savm=oldm;
                   1812:          oldm=newm;
                   1813:        } /* end mult */
                   1814:       
                   1815:        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1816:        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1817:        bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
                   1818:        lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
                   1819:        ipmx +=1;
                   1820:        sw += weight[i];
                   1821:        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
                   1822:       } /* end of wave */
                   1823:     } /* end of individual */
                   1824:   }else if (mle==4){  /* ml=4 no inter-extrapolation */
                   1825:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
                   1826:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1827:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1828:        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1829:          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1830:            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1831:            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1832:          }
                   1833:        for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1834:          newm=savm;
                   1835:          cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1836:          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
                   1837:            cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   1838:          }
                   1839:        
                   1840:          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1841:                       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1842:          savm=oldm;
                   1843:          oldm=newm;
                   1844:        } /* end mult */
                   1845:       
                   1846:        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1847:        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1848:        if( s2 > nlstate){ 
                   1849:          lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
                   1850:        }else{
                   1851:          lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
                   1852:        }
                   1853:        ipmx +=1;
                   1854:        sw += weight[i];
                   1855:        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
                   1856: /*     printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
                   1857:       } /* end of wave */
                   1858:     } /* end of individual */
                   1859:   }else{  /* ml=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
                   1860:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
                   1861:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1862:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1863:        for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1864:          for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1865:            oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1866:            savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1867:          }
                   1868:        for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1869:          newm=savm;
                   1870:          cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1871:          for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
                   1872:            cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   1873:          }
                   1874:        
                   1875:          out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1876:                       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
                   1877:          savm=oldm;
                   1878:          oldm=newm;
                   1879:        } /* end mult */
                   1880:       
                   1881:        s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1882:        s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1883:        lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
                   1884:        ipmx +=1;
                   1885:        sw += weight[i];
                   1886:        ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
                   1887:        /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);*/
                   1888:       } /* end of wave */
                   1889:     } /* end of individual */
                   1890:   } /* End of if */
                   1891:   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
                   1892:   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
                   1893:   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
                   1894:   return -l;
                   1895: }
                   1896: 
                   1897: /*************** log-likelihood *************/
                   1898: double funcone( double *x)
                   1899: {
                   1900:   /* Same as likeli but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
                   1901:   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
1.131     brouard  1902:   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
1.126     brouard  1903:   double **out;
                   1904:   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
                   1905:   double llt;
                   1906:   int s1, s2;
                   1907:   double bbh, survp;
                   1908:   /*extern weight */
                   1909:   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
                   1910:   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
                   1911:   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++) 
                   1912:     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
                   1913:   */
                   1914:   cov[1]=1.;
                   1915: 
                   1916:   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
                   1917: 
                   1918:   for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
                   1919:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
                   1920:     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
                   1921:       for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
                   1922:        for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   1923:          oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1924:          savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   1925:        }
                   1926:       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
                   1927:        newm=savm;
                   1928:        cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
                   1929:        for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
                   1930:          cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   1931:        }
1.145     brouard  1932:        /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
1.126     brouard  1933:        out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                   1934:                     1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
1.145     brouard  1935:        /* out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, */
                   1936:        /*           1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate)); */
1.126     brouard  1937:        savm=oldm;
                   1938:        oldm=newm;
                   1939:       } /* end mult */
                   1940:       
                   1941:       s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
                   1942:       s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
                   1943:       bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
                   1944:       /* bias is positive if real duration
                   1945:        * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
                   1946:        */
                   1947:       if( s2 > nlstate && (mle <5) ){  /* Jackson */
                   1948:        lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
                   1949:       } else if  (s2==-2) {
                   1950:        for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++) 
                   1951:          survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
                   1952:        lli= log(survp);
                   1953:       }else if (mle==1){
                   1954:        lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
                   1955:       } else if(mle==2){
                   1956:        lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
                   1957:       } else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
                   1958:        lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
                   1959:       } else if (mle==4){  /* mle=4 no inter-extrapolation */
                   1960:        lli=log(out[s1][s2]); /* Original formula */
1.136     brouard  1961:       } else{  /* mle=0 back to 1 */
                   1962:        lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
                   1963:        /*lli=log(out[s1][s2]); */ /* Original formula */
1.126     brouard  1964:       } /* End of if */
                   1965:       ipmx +=1;
                   1966:       sw += weight[i];
                   1967:       ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
1.132     brouard  1968:       /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
1.126     brouard  1969:       if(globpr){
1.141     brouard  1970:        fprintf(ficresilk,"%9ld %6d %2d %2d %1d %1d %3d %11.6f %8.4f\
1.126     brouard  1971:  %11.6f %11.6f %11.6f ", \
                   1972:                num[i],i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],
                   1973:                2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);
                   1974:        for(k=1,llt=0.,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++){
                   1975:          llt +=ll[k]*gipmx/gsw;
                   1976:          fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f",-ll[k]*gipmx/gsw);
                   1977:        }
                   1978:        fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f\n", -llt);
                   1979:       }
                   1980:     } /* end of wave */
                   1981:   } /* end of individual */
                   1982:   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
                   1983:   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
                   1984:   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
                   1985:   if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
                   1986:     gipmx=ipmx;
                   1987:     gsw=sw;
                   1988:   }
                   1989:   return -l;
                   1990: }
                   1991: 
                   1992: 
                   1993: /*************** function likelione ***********/
                   1994: void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int nlstate, int *globpri, long *ipmx, double *sw, double *fretone, double (*funcone)(double []))
                   1995: {
                   1996:   /* This routine should help understanding what is done with 
                   1997:      the selection of individuals/waves and
                   1998:      to check the exact contribution to the likelihood.
                   1999:      Plotting could be done.
                   2000:    */
                   2001:   int k;
                   2002: 
                   2003:   if(*globpri !=0){ /* Just counts and sums, no printings */
                   2004:     strcpy(fileresilk,"ilk"); 
                   2005:     strcat(fileresilk,fileres);
                   2006:     if((ficresilk=fopen(fileresilk,"w"))==NULL) {
                   2007:       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
                   2008:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
                   2009:     }
                   2010:     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
                   2011:     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight 2wlli out sav ");
                   2012:     /*         i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
                   2013:     for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) 
                   2014:       fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll[%d]++",k);
                   2015:     fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll(total)\n");
                   2016:   }
                   2017: 
                   2018:   *fretone=(*funcone)(p);
                   2019:   if(*globpri !=0){
                   2020:     fclose(ficresilk);
                   2021:     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
                   2022:     fflush(fichtm); 
                   2023:   } 
                   2024:   return;
                   2025: }
                   2026: 
                   2027: 
                   2028: /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/
                   2029: 
                   2030: void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
                   2031: {
                   2032:   int i,j, iter;
                   2033:   double **xi;
                   2034:   double fret;
                   2035:   double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
                   2036:   /*  char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];*/
                   2037:   xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
                   2038:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
                   2039:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
                   2040:       xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   2041:   printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
                   2042:   strcpy(filerespow,"pow"); 
                   2043:   strcat(filerespow,fileres);
                   2044:   if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
                   2045:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
                   2046:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
                   2047:   }
                   2048:   fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
                   2049:   for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   2050:     for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
                   2051:       if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
                   2052:   fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
                   2053: 
                   2054:   powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);
                   2055: 
                   2056:   free_matrix(xi,1,npar,1,npar);
                   2057:   fclose(ficrespow);
                   2058:   printf("\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter,func(p));
                   2059:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
                   2060:   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
                   2061: 
                   2062: }
                   2063: 
                   2064: /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
                   2065: void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
                   2066: {
                   2067:   double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
                   2068:   double **hess;
                   2069:   int i, j,jk;
                   2070:   int *indx;
                   2071: 
                   2072:   double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[],double (*func)(double []),int npar);
                   2073:   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
                   2074:   void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
                   2075:   void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
                   2076:   double gompertz(double p[]);
                   2077:   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
                   2078: 
                   2079:   printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
                   2080:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
                   2081:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
                   2082:     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
                   2083:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
                   2084:    
                   2085:      hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti,func,npar);
                   2086:     
                   2087:     /*  printf(" %f ",p[i]);
                   2088:        printf(" %lf %lf %lf",hess[i][i],ftolhess,delti[i]);*/
                   2089:   }
                   2090:   
                   2091:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
                   2092:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
                   2093:       if (j>i) { 
                   2094:        printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
                   2095:        fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
                   2096:        hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j,func,npar);
                   2097:        
                   2098:        hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];    
                   2099:        /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
                   2100:       }
                   2101:     }
                   2102:   }
                   2103:   printf("\n");
                   2104:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   2105: 
                   2106:   printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
                   2107:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
                   2108:   
                   2109:   a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
                   2110:   y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
                   2111:   x=vector(1,npar);
                   2112:   indx=ivector(1,npar);
                   2113:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
                   2114:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];
                   2115:   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
                   2116: 
                   2117:   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
                   2118:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
                   2119:     x[j]=1;
                   2120:     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
                   2121:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
                   2122:       matcov[i][j]=x[i];
                   2123:     }
                   2124:   }
                   2125: 
                   2126:   printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
                   2127:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
                   2128:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) { 
                   2129:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) { 
                   2130:       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
                   2131:       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
                   2132:     }
                   2133:     printf("\n");
                   2134:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   2135:   }
                   2136: 
                   2137:   /* Recompute Inverse */
                   2138:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
                   2139:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
                   2140:   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
                   2141: 
                   2142:   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
                   2143: 
                   2144:   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
                   2145:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
                   2146:     x[j]=1;
                   2147:     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
                   2148:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
                   2149:       y[i][j]=x[i];
                   2150:       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
                   2151:       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
                   2152:     }
                   2153:     printf("\n");
                   2154:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   2155:   }
                   2156:   */
                   2157: 
                   2158:   free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
                   2159:   free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
                   2160:   free_vector(x,1,npar);
                   2161:   free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
                   2162:   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
                   2163: 
                   2164: 
                   2165: }
                   2166: 
                   2167: /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
                   2168: double hessii(double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[], double (*func)(double []), int npar)
                   2169: {
                   2170:   int i;
                   2171:   int l=1, lmax=20;
                   2172:   double k1,k2;
1.132     brouard  2173:   double p2[MAXPARM+1]; /* identical to x */
1.126     brouard  2174:   double res;
                   2175:   double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
                   2176:   double fx;
                   2177:   int k=0,kmax=10;
                   2178:   double l1;
                   2179: 
                   2180:   fx=func(x);
                   2181:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
1.145     brouard  2182:   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){  /* Enlarging the zone around the Maximum */
1.126     brouard  2183:     l1=pow(10,l);
                   2184:     delts=delt;
                   2185:     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){
                   2186:       delt = delta*(l1*k);
                   2187:       p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;
1.145     brouard  2188:       k1=func(p2)-fx;   /* Might be negative if too close to the theoretical maximum */
1.126     brouard  2189:       p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
                   2190:       k2=func(p2)-fx;
                   2191:       /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
                   2192:       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
                   2193:       
1.132     brouard  2194: #ifdef DEBUGHESS
1.126     brouard  2195:       printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
                   2196:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
                   2197: #endif
                   2198:       /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */
                   2199:       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){
                   2200:        k=kmax;
                   2201:       }
                   2202:       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
                   2203:        k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;
                   2204:       }
                   2205:       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){ 
                   2206:        delts=delt;
                   2207:       }
                   2208:     }
                   2209:   }
                   2210:   delti[theta]=delts;
                   2211:   return res; 
                   2212:   
                   2213: }
                   2214: 
                   2215: double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
                   2216: {
                   2217:   int i;
                   2218:   int l=1, l1, lmax=20;
                   2219:   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
1.132     brouard  2220:   double p2[MAXPARM+1];
1.126     brouard  2221:   int k;
                   2222: 
                   2223:   fx=func(x);
                   2224:   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
                   2225:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
                   2226:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
                   2227:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
                   2228:     k1=func(p2)-fx;
                   2229:   
                   2230:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
                   2231:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
                   2232:     k2=func(p2)-fx;
                   2233:   
                   2234:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
                   2235:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
                   2236:     k3=func(p2)-fx;
                   2237:   
                   2238:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
                   2239:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
                   2240:     k4=func(p2)-fx;
                   2241:     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
                   2242: #ifdef DEBUG
                   2243:     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
                   2244:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
                   2245: #endif
                   2246:   }
                   2247:   return res;
                   2248: }
                   2249: 
                   2250: /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
                   2251: void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d) 
                   2252: { 
                   2253:   int i,imax,j,k; 
                   2254:   double big,dum,sum,temp; 
                   2255:   double *vv; 
                   2256:  
                   2257:   vv=vector(1,n); 
                   2258:   *d=1.0; 
                   2259:   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
                   2260:     big=0.0; 
                   2261:     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) 
                   2262:       if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp; 
                   2263:     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp"); 
                   2264:     vv[i]=1.0/big; 
                   2265:   } 
                   2266:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
                   2267:     for (i=1;i<j;i++) { 
                   2268:       sum=a[i][j]; 
                   2269:       for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
                   2270:       a[i][j]=sum; 
                   2271:     } 
                   2272:     big=0.0; 
                   2273:     for (i=j;i<=n;i++) { 
                   2274:       sum=a[i][j]; 
                   2275:       for (k=1;k<j;k++) 
                   2276:        sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
                   2277:       a[i][j]=sum; 
                   2278:       if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) { 
                   2279:        big=dum; 
                   2280:        imax=i; 
                   2281:       } 
                   2282:     } 
                   2283:     if (j != imax) { 
                   2284:       for (k=1;k<=n;k++) { 
                   2285:        dum=a[imax][k]; 
                   2286:        a[imax][k]=a[j][k]; 
                   2287:        a[j][k]=dum; 
                   2288:       } 
                   2289:       *d = -(*d); 
                   2290:       vv[imax]=vv[j]; 
                   2291:     } 
                   2292:     indx[j]=imax; 
                   2293:     if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY; 
                   2294:     if (j != n) { 
                   2295:       dum=1.0/(a[j][j]); 
                   2296:       for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum; 
                   2297:     } 
                   2298:   } 
                   2299:   free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */
                   2300: ;
                   2301: } 
                   2302: 
                   2303: void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[]) 
                   2304: { 
                   2305:   int i,ii=0,ip,j; 
                   2306:   double sum; 
                   2307:  
                   2308:   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
                   2309:     ip=indx[i]; 
                   2310:     sum=b[ip]; 
                   2311:     b[ip]=b[i]; 
                   2312:     if (ii) 
                   2313:       for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
                   2314:     else if (sum) ii=i; 
                   2315:     b[i]=sum; 
                   2316:   } 
                   2317:   for (i=n;i>=1;i--) { 
                   2318:     sum=b[i]; 
                   2319:     for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
                   2320:     b[i]=sum/a[i][i]; 
                   2321:   } 
                   2322: } 
                   2323: 
                   2324: void pstamp(FILE *fichier)
                   2325: {
                   2326:   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#%s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,fullversion,strstart);
                   2327: }
                   2328: 
                   2329: /************ Frequencies ********************/
                   2330: void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[])
                   2331: {  /* Some frequencies */
                   2332:   
1.130     brouard  2333:   int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
1.126     brouard  2334:   int first;
                   2335:   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
                   2336:   double *pp, **prop;
                   2337:   double pos,posprop, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
                   2338:   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   2339:   
                   2340:   pp=vector(1,nlstate);
                   2341:   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
                   2342:   strcpy(fileresp,"p");
                   2343:   strcat(fileresp,fileres);
                   2344:   if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
                   2345:     printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
                   2346:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
                   2347:     exit(0);
                   2348:   }
                   2349:   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);
                   2350:   j1=0;
                   2351:   
                   2352:   j=cptcoveff;
                   2353:   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
                   2354: 
                   2355:   first=1;
                   2356: 
1.145     brouard  2357:   /* for(k1=1; k1<=j ; k1++){   /* Loop on covariates */
                   2358:   /*  for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){ /* Now it is 2 */
                   2359:   /*    j1++;
                   2360: */
                   2361:   for (j1 = 1; j1 <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); j1++){
1.126     brouard  2362:       /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
                   2363:        scanf("%d", i);*/
                   2364:       for (i=-5; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)  
                   2365:        for (jk=-5; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)  
                   2366:          for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
                   2367:            freq[i][jk][m]=0;
1.143     brouard  2368:       
                   2369:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)  
                   2370:        for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
                   2371:          prop[i][m]=0;
1.126     brouard  2372:       
                   2373:       dateintsum=0;
                   2374:       k2cpt=0;
                   2375:       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
                   2376:        bool=1;
1.144     brouard  2377:        if  (cptcovn>0) { /* Filter is here: Must be looked at for model=V1+V2+V3+V4 */
                   2378:          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)       
                   2379:             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]){
1.145     brouard  2380:                 /* Tests if the value of each of the covariates of i is equal to filter j1 */
1.144     brouard  2381:               bool=0;
1.145     brouard  2382:               /* printf("bool=%d i=%d, z1=%d, Tvaraff[%d]=%d, covar[Tvarff][%d]=%2f, codtab[%d][%d]=%d, nbcode[Tvaraff][codtab[%d][%d]=%d, j1=%d\n", 
                   2383:                 bool,i,z1, z1, Tvaraff[z1],i,covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i],j1,z1,codtab[j1][z1],
                   2384:                 j1,z1,nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]],j1);*/
1.144     brouard  2385:               /* For j1=7 in V1+V2+V3+V4 = 0 1 1 0 and codtab[7][3]=1 and nbcde[3][?]=1*/
                   2386:             } 
1.126     brouard  2387:        }
1.144     brouard  2388:  
1.126     brouard  2389:        if (bool==1){
                   2390:          for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
                   2391:            k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
                   2392:            /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
                   2393:              if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
                   2394:              if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
                   2395:              if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
                   2396:              if (m<lastpass) {
                   2397:                freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
                   2398:                freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
                   2399:              }
                   2400:              
                   2401:              if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (iagemax+3))) {
                   2402:                dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
                   2403:                k2cpt++;
                   2404:              }
                   2405:              /*}*/
                   2406:          }
                   2407:        }
1.145     brouard  2408:       } /* end i */
1.126     brouard  2409:        
                   2410:       /*      fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
                   2411:       pstamp(ficresp);
                   2412:       if  (cptcovn>0) {
                   2413:        fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
                   2414:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   2415:        fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
1.143     brouard  2416:        fprintf(ficlog, "\n#********** Variable "); 
                   2417:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficlog, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   2418:        fprintf(ficlog, "**********\n#");
1.126     brouard  2419:       }
                   2420:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) 
                   2421:        fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
                   2422:       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
                   2423:       
                   2424:       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
                   2425:        if(i==iagemax+3){
                   2426:          fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
                   2427:        }else{
                   2428:          if(first==1){
                   2429:            first=0;
                   2430:            printf("See log file for details...\n");
                   2431:          }
                   2432:          fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
                   2433:        }
                   2434:        for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                   2435:          for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
                   2436:            pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i]; 
                   2437:        }
                   2438:        for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                   2439:          for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
                   2440:            pos += freq[jk][m][i];
                   2441:          if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
                   2442:            if(first==1){
1.132     brouard  2443:              printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
1.126     brouard  2444:            }
                   2445:            fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
                   2446:          }else{
                   2447:            if(first==1)
                   2448:              printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
                   2449:            fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
                   2450:          }
                   2451:        }
                   2452: 
                   2453:        for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                   2454:          for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
                   2455:            pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
                   2456:        }       
                   2457:        for(jk=1,pos=0,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                   2458:          pos += pp[jk];
                   2459:          posprop += prop[jk][i];
                   2460:        }
                   2461:        for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                   2462:          if(pos>=1.e-5){
                   2463:            if(first==1)
                   2464:              printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
                   2465:            fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
                   2466:          }else{
                   2467:            if(first==1)
                   2468:              printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
                   2469:            fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
                   2470:          }
                   2471:          if( i <= iagemax){
                   2472:            if(pos>=1.e-5){
                   2473:              fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i]/posprop, prop[jk][i],posprop);
                   2474:              /*probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;*/
                   2475:              /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
                   2476:            }
                   2477:            else
                   2478:              fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i],posprop);
                   2479:          }
                   2480:        }
                   2481:        
                   2482:        for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
                   2483:          for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
                   2484:            if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
                   2485:            if(first==1)
                   2486:              printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
                   2487:              fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
                   2488:            }
                   2489:        if(i <= iagemax)
                   2490:          fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
                   2491:        if(first==1)
                   2492:          printf("Others in log...\n");
                   2493:        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   2494:       }
1.145     brouard  2495:       /*}*/
1.126     brouard  2496:   }
                   2497:   dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt; 
                   2498:  
                   2499:   fclose(ficresp);
                   2500:   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);
                   2501:   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
                   2502:   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin, iagemax+3);
                   2503:   /* End of Freq */
                   2504: }
                   2505: 
                   2506: /************ Prevalence ********************/
                   2507: void prevalence(double ***probs, double agemin, double agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass)
                   2508: {  
                   2509:   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
                   2510:      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
                   2511:      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
                   2512:   */
                   2513:  
1.130     brouard  2514:   int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
1.126     brouard  2515:   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
                   2516:   double *pp, **prop;
                   2517:   double pos,posprop; 
                   2518:   double  y2; /* in fractional years */
                   2519:   int iagemin, iagemax;
1.145     brouard  2520:   int first; /** to stop verbosity which is redirected to log file */
1.126     brouard  2521: 
                   2522:   iagemin= (int) agemin;
                   2523:   iagemax= (int) agemax;
                   2524:   /*pp=vector(1,nlstate);*/
                   2525:   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3); 
                   2526:   /*  freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);*/
                   2527:   j1=0;
                   2528:   
1.145     brouard  2529:   /*j=cptcoveff;*/
1.126     brouard  2530:   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
                   2531:   
1.145     brouard  2532:   first=1;
                   2533:   for(j1=1; j1<= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);j1++){
                   2534:     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
                   2535:       j1++;*/
1.126     brouard  2536:       
                   2537:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)  
                   2538:        for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
                   2539:          prop[i][m]=0.0;
                   2540:      
                   2541:       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
                   2542:        bool=1;
                   2543:        if  (cptcovn>0) {
                   2544:          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) 
                   2545:            if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]) 
                   2546:              bool=0;
                   2547:        } 
                   2548:        if (bool==1) { 
                   2549:          for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*/
                   2550:            y2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.); /* Fractional date in year */
                   2551:            if ((y2>=dateprev1) && (y2<=dateprev2)) { /* Here is the main selection (fractional years) */
                   2552:              if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
                   2553:              if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
                   2554:              if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+3) printf("Error on individual =%d agev[m][i]=%f m=%d\n",i, agev[m][i],m); 
                   2555:              if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) { 
                   2556:                /*if(i>4620) printf(" i=%d m=%d s[m][i]=%d (int)agev[m][i]=%d weight[i]=%f prop=%f\n",i,m,s[m][i],(int)agev[m][m],weight[i],prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]]);*/
                   2557:                prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
                   2558:                prop[s[m][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i]; 
                   2559:              } 
                   2560:            }
                   2561:          } /* end selection of waves */
                   2562:        }
                   2563:       }
                   2564:       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){  
                   2565:        for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) { 
                   2566:          posprop += prop[jk][i]; 
                   2567:        } 
1.145     brouard  2568:        
1.126     brouard  2569:        for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){     
                   2570:          if( i <=  iagemax){ 
                   2571:            if(posprop>=1.e-5){ 
                   2572:              probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
1.145     brouard  2573:            } else{
                   2574:              if(first==1){
                   2575:                first=0;
                   2576:                printf("Warning Observed prevalence probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others on log file...\n",jk,i,j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
                   2577:              }
                   2578:            }
1.126     brouard  2579:          } 
                   2580:        }/* end jk */ 
                   2581:       }/* end i */ 
1.145     brouard  2582:     /*} *//* end i1 */
                   2583:   } /* end j1 */
1.126     brouard  2584:   
                   2585:   /*  free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);*/
                   2586:   /*free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);*/
                   2587:   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin,iagemax+3);
                   2588: }  /* End of prevalence */
                   2589: 
                   2590: /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
                   2591: 
                   2592: void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **bh,  int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)
                   2593: {
                   2594:   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
                   2595:      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
                   2596:      mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
                   2597:      dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
                   2598:      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
                   2599:      */
                   2600: 
                   2601:   int i, mi, m;
                   2602:   /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
                   2603:      double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
                   2604:   int first;
                   2605:   int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
                   2606:   double sum=0.;
                   2607:   first=0;
                   2608:   jmin=1e+5;
                   2609:   jmax=-1;
                   2610:   jmean=0.;
                   2611:   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
                   2612:     mi=0;
                   2613:     m=firstpass;
                   2614:     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
                   2615:       if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5)
                   2616:        mw[++mi][i]=m;
                   2617:       if(m >=lastpass)
                   2618:        break;
                   2619:       else
                   2620:        m++;
                   2621:     }/* end while */
                   2622:     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
                   2623:       mi++;    /* Death is another wave */
                   2624:       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
                   2625:         /* Only death is a correct wave */
                   2626:       mw[mi][i]=m;
                   2627:     }
                   2628: 
                   2629:     wav[i]=mi;
                   2630:     if(mi==0){
                   2631:       nbwarn++;
                   2632:       if(first==0){
                   2633:        printf("Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped) and may be others, see log file\n",num[i],i);
                   2634:        first=1;
                   2635:       }
                   2636:       if(first==1){
                   2637:        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped)\n",num[i],i);
                   2638:       }
                   2639:     } /* end mi==0 */
                   2640:   } /* End individuals */
                   2641: 
                   2642:   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
                   2643:     for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
                   2644:       if (stepm <=0)
                   2645:        dh[mi][i]=1;
                   2646:       else{
                   2647:        if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death */
                   2648:          if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
                   2649:            j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12); 
                   2650:            if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
                   2651:            else if(j<0){
                   2652:              nberr++;
                   2653:              printf("Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
                   2654:              j=1; /* Temporary Dangerous patch */
                   2655:              printf("   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
                   2656:              fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
                   2657:              fprintf(ficlog,"   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
                   2658:            }
                   2659:            k=k+1;
                   2660:            if (j >= jmax){
                   2661:              jmax=j;
                   2662:              ijmax=i;
                   2663:            }
                   2664:            if (j <= jmin){
                   2665:              jmin=j;
                   2666:              ijmin=i;
                   2667:            }
                   2668:            sum=sum+j;
                   2669:            /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i);*/
                   2670:            /*    printf("%d %d %d %d\n", s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i],j,i);*/
                   2671:          }
                   2672:        }
                   2673:        else{
                   2674:          j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
                   2675: /*       if (j<0) printf("%d %lf %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i], agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]); */
                   2676: 
                   2677:          k=k+1;
                   2678:          if (j >= jmax) {
                   2679:            jmax=j;
                   2680:            ijmax=i;
                   2681:          }
                   2682:          else if (j <= jmin){
                   2683:            jmin=j;
                   2684:            ijmin=i;
                   2685:          }
                   2686:          /*        if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */
                   2687:          /*printf("%d %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);*/
                   2688:          if(j<0){
                   2689:            nberr++;
                   2690:            printf("Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
                   2691:            fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
                   2692:          }
                   2693:          sum=sum+j;
                   2694:        }
                   2695:        jk= j/stepm;
                   2696:        jl= j -jk*stepm;
                   2697:        ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;
                   2698:        if(mle <=1){ /* only if we use a the linear-interpoloation pseudo-likelihood */
                   2699:          if(jl==0){
                   2700:            dh[mi][i]=jk;
                   2701:            bh[mi][i]=0;
                   2702:          }else{ /* We want a negative bias in order to only have interpolation ie
1.136     brouard  2703:                  * to avoid the price of an extra matrix product in likelihood */
1.126     brouard  2704:            dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
                   2705:            bh[mi][i]=ju;
                   2706:          }
                   2707:        }else{
                   2708:          if(jl <= -ju){
                   2709:            dh[mi][i]=jk;
                   2710:            bh[mi][i]=jl;       /* bias is positive if real duration
                   2711:                                 * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
                   2712:                                 */
                   2713:          }
                   2714:          else{
                   2715:            dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
                   2716:            bh[mi][i]=ju;
                   2717:          }
                   2718:          if(dh[mi][i]==0){
                   2719:            dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */
                   2720:            bh[mi][i]=ju; /* At least one step */
                   2721:            /*  printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d %d\n",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm,i);*/
                   2722:          }
                   2723:        } /* end if mle */
                   2724:       }
                   2725:     } /* end wave */
                   2726:   }
                   2727:   jmean=sum/k;
                   2728:   printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, num[ijmin], jmax, num[ijmax], jmean);
1.141     brouard  2729:   fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %d) Max=%d (%d) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, ijmin, jmax, ijmax, jmean);
1.126     brouard  2730:  }
                   2731: 
                   2732: /*********** Tricode ****************************/
1.145     brouard  2733: void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx, int *Ndum)
1.126     brouard  2734: {
1.144     brouard  2735:   /**< Uses cptcovn+2*cptcovprod as the number of covariates */
                   2736:   /*     Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);  find 'n' in Vn and stores in Tvar. If model=V2+V1 Tvar[1]=2 and Tvar[2]=1 
                   2737:   /* Boring subroutine which should only output nbcode[Tvar[j]][k]
1.145     brouard  2738:    * Tvar[5] in V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is 2 (V2)
                   2739:   /* nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]= 
1.144     brouard  2740:   */
1.130     brouard  2741: 
1.145     brouard  2742:   int ij=1, k=0, j=0, i=0, maxncov=NCOVMAX;
1.136     brouard  2743:   int modmaxcovj=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
1.145     brouard  2744:   int cptcode=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
                   2745:   int modmincovj=0; /* Modality min of covariates j */
                   2746: 
                   2747: 
1.126     brouard  2748:   cptcoveff=0; 
                   2749:  
1.145     brouard  2750:   for (k=-1; k < maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
1.144     brouard  2751:   for (k=1; k <= maxncov; k++) ncodemax[k]=0; /* Horrible constant again replaced by NCOVMAX */
1.126     brouard  2752: 
1.145     brouard  2753:   /* Loop on covariates without age and products */
                   2754:   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovs); j++) { /* model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4 : V1 + V3 = 2 only */
                   2755:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Lopp on individuals: reads the data file to get the maximum value of the 
1.136     brouard  2756:                               modality of this covariate Vj*/ 
1.145     brouard  2757:       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij=0 or 1 or -1. Value of the covariate Tvar[j] for individual i
                   2758:                                    * If product of Vn*Vm, still boolean *:
                   2759:                                    * If it was coded 1, 2, 3, 4 should be splitted into 3 boolean variables
                   2760:                                    * 1 => 0 0 0, 2 => 0 0 1, 3 => 0 1 1, 4=1 0 0   */
                   2761:       /* Finds for covariate j, n=Tvar[j] of Vn . ij is the
1.136     brouard  2762:                                      modality of the nth covariate of individual i. */
1.145     brouard  2763:       if (ij > modmaxcovj)
                   2764:         modmaxcovj=ij; 
                   2765:       else if (ij < modmincovj) 
                   2766:        modmincovj=ij; 
                   2767:       if ((ij < -1) && (ij > NCOVMAX)){
                   2768:        printf( "Error: minimal is less than -1 or maximal is bigger than %d. Exiting. \n", NCOVMAX );
                   2769:        exit(1);
                   2770:       }else
1.136     brouard  2771:       Ndum[ij]++; /*counts and stores the occurence of this modality 0, 1, -1*/
1.145     brouard  2772:       /*  If coded 1, 2, 3 , counts the number of 1 Ndum[1], number of 2, Ndum[2], etc */
1.126     brouard  2773:       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
1.136     brouard  2774:       /* getting the maximum value of the modality of the covariate
                   2775:         (should be 0 or 1 now) Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is coded 0 and
                   2776:         female is 1, then modmaxcovj=1.*/
1.126     brouard  2777:     }
1.145     brouard  2778:     printf(" Minimal and maximal values of %d th covariate V%d: min=%d max=%d \n", j, Tvar[j], modmincovj, modmaxcovj);
                   2779:     cptcode=modmaxcovj;
1.137     brouard  2780:     /* Ndum[0] = frequency of 0 for model-covariate j, Ndum[1] frequency of 1 etc. */
1.145     brouard  2781:    /*for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {*/
                   2782:     for (i=modmincovj;  i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i=-1 ? 0 and 1*//* For each value of the modality of model-cov j */
                   2783:       printf("Frequencies of covariates %d V%d %d\n", j, Tvar[j], Ndum[i]);
                   2784:       if( Ndum[i] != 0 ){ /* Counts if nobody answered, empty modality */
                   2785:        ncodemax[j]++;  /* ncodemax[j]= Number of non-null modalities of the j th covariate. */
                   2786:       }
                   2787:       /* In fact  ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables only) but it could be more for
                   2788:         historical reasons: 3 if coded 1, 2, 3 and 4 and Ndum[2]=0 */
1.131     brouard  2789:     } /* Ndum[-1] number of undefined modalities */
1.126     brouard  2790: 
1.136     brouard  2791:     /* j is a covariate, n=Tvar[j] of Vn; Fills nbcode */
1.145     brouard  2792:     /* For covariate j, modalities could be 1, 2, 3, 4. If Ndum[2]=0 ncodemax[j] is not 4 but 3 */
                   2793:     /* If Ndum[3}= 635; Ndum[4]=0; Ndum[5]=0; Ndum[6]=27; Ndum[7]=125;
                   2794:        modmincovj=3; modmaxcovj = 7;
                   2795:        There are only 3 modalities non empty (or 2 if 27 is too few) : ncodemax[j]=3;
                   2796:        which will be coded 0, 1, 2 which in binary on 3-1 digits are 0=00 1=01, 2=10; defining two dummy 
                   2797:        variables V1_1 and V1_2.
                   2798:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;
                   2799:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]=0;
                   2800:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][2]=1;
                   2801:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][3]=2;
                   2802:     */
                   2803:     ij=1; /* ij is similar to i but can jumps over null modalities */
                   2804:     for (i=modmincovj; i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i= 1 to 2 for dichotomous, or from 1 to 3 */
                   2805:       for (k=0; k<= cptcode; k++) { /* k=-1 ? k=0 to 1 *//* Could be 1 to 4 */
                   2806:        /*recode from 0 */
1.131     brouard  2807:        if (Ndum[k] != 0) { /* If at least one individual responded to this modality k */
                   2808:          nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;  /* stores the modality in an array nbcode. 
                   2809:                                     k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex 
                   2810:                                     then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
1.126     brouard  2811:          ij++;
                   2812:        }
                   2813:        if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break; 
1.137     brouard  2814:       }  /* end of loop on */
                   2815:     } /* end of loop on modality */ 
                   2816:   } /* end of loop on model-covariate j. nbcode[Tvarj][1]=0 and nbcode[Tvarj][2]=1 sets the value of covariate j*/  
                   2817:   
1.145     brouard  2818:  for (k=-1; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0; 
1.137     brouard  2819:   
1.145     brouard  2820:   for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) { /* -2, cste and age */ 
                   2821:    /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/ 
                   2822:    ij=Tvar[i]; /* Tvar might be -1 if status was unknown */ 
                   2823:    Ndum[ij]++; 
                   2824:  } 
1.126     brouard  2825: 
                   2826:  ij=1;
1.145     brouard  2827:  for (i=0; i<=  maxncov-1; i++) { /* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) */
                   2828:    /*printf("Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
1.126     brouard  2829:    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
1.145     brouard  2830:      /*printf("diff Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
                   2831:      Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing (unclear) */
1.126     brouard  2832:      ij++;
1.145     brouard  2833:    }else
                   2834:        Tvaraff[ij]=0;
1.126     brouard  2835:  }
1.131     brouard  2836:  ij--;
1.144     brouard  2837:  cptcoveff=ij; /*Number of total covariates*/
1.145     brouard  2838: 
1.126     brouard  2839: }
                   2840: 
1.145     brouard  2841: 
1.126     brouard  2842: /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
                   2843: 
1.127     brouard  2844: void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[] )
1.126     brouard  2845: 
                   2846: {
                   2847:   /* Health expectancies, no variances */
                   2848:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2;
                   2849:   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
                   2850:   double age, agelim, hf;
                   2851:   double ***p3mat;
                   2852:   double eip;
                   2853: 
                   2854:   pstamp(ficreseij);
                   2855:   fprintf(ficreseij,"# (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age and (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age\n");
                   2856:   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
                   2857:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   2858:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   2859:       fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d%1d ",i,j);
                   2860:     }
                   2861:     fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d. ",i);
                   2862:   }
                   2863:   fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
                   2864: 
                   2865:   
                   2866:   if(estepm < stepm){
                   2867:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
                   2868:   }
                   2869:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
                   2870:   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
                   2871:    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
                   2872:    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
                   2873:    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear 
                   2874:    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
                   2875:    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we 
                   2876:    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
                   2877:    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear 
                   2878:    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
                   2879:    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
                   2880: 
                   2881:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
                   2882:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
                   2883:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
                   2884:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
                   2885:      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
                   2886:      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
                   2887:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
                   2888:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
                   2889:      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
                   2890:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
                   2891:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
                   2892:   */
                   2893:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
                   2894: 
                   2895:   agelim=AGESUP;
                   2896:   /* If stepm=6 months */
                   2897:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
                   2898:        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
                   2899:     
                   2900: /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
                   2901:   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
                   2902:   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
                   2903:   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
                   2904:   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
                   2905:   p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   2906: 
                   2907:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
                   2908:     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
                   2909:     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
                   2910:     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
                   2911:     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
                   2912: 
                   2913:     /* If stepm=6 months */
                   2914:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
                   2915:        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
                   2916:     
                   2917:     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepma,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);  
                   2918:     
                   2919:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
                   2920:     
                   2921:     printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
                   2922:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
                   2923:     
                   2924:     /* Computing expectancies */
                   2925:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   2926:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   2927:        for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
                   2928:          eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
                   2929:          
                   2930:          /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
                   2931: 
                   2932:        }
                   2933: 
                   2934:     fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );
                   2935:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   2936:       eip=0;
                   2937:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   2938:        eip +=eij[i][j][(int)age];
                   2939:        fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eij[i][j][(int)age] );
                   2940:       }
                   2941:       fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eip );
                   2942:     }
                   2943:     fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
                   2944:     
                   2945:   }
                   2946:   free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   2947:   printf("\n");
                   2948:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   2949:   
                   2950: }
                   2951: 
1.127     brouard  2952: void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[] )
1.126     brouard  2953: 
                   2954: {
                   2955:   /* Covariances of health expectancies eij and of total life expectancies according
                   2956:    to initial status i, ei. .
                   2957:   */
                   2958:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2, ij, ji;
                   2959:   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
                   2960:   double age, agelim, hf;
                   2961:   double ***p3matp, ***p3matm, ***varhe;
                   2962:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
                   2963:   double *xp, *xm;
                   2964:   double **gp, **gm;
                   2965:   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;
                   2966:   int theta;
                   2967: 
                   2968:   double eip, vip;
                   2969: 
                   2970:   varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   2971:   xp=vector(1,npar);
                   2972:   xm=vector(1,npar);
                   2973:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
                   2974:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   2975:   
                   2976:   pstamp(ficresstdeij);
                   2977:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Health expectancies with standard errors\n");
                   2978:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Age");
                   2979:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   2980:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   2981:       fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d%1d (SE)",i,j);
                   2982:     fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d. ",i);
                   2983:   }
                   2984:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
                   2985: 
                   2986:   pstamp(ficrescveij);
                   2987:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Subdiagonal matrix of covariances of health expectancies by age: cov(eij,ekl)\n");
                   2988:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Age");
                   2989:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   2990:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   2991:       cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
                   2992:       for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
                   2993:        for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
                   2994:          cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
                   2995:          if(cptj2 <= cptj)
                   2996:            fprintf(ficrescveij,"  %1d%1d,%1d%1d",i,j,i2,j2);
                   2997:        }
                   2998:     }
                   2999:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
                   3000:   
                   3001:   if(estepm < stepm){
                   3002:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
                   3003:   }
                   3004:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
                   3005:   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
                   3006:    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
                   3007:    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
                   3008:    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear 
                   3009:    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
                   3010:    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we 
                   3011:    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
                   3012:    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear 
                   3013:    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
                   3014:    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
                   3015: 
                   3016:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
                   3017:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
                   3018:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
                   3019:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
                   3020:      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
                   3021:      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
                   3022:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
                   3023:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
                   3024:      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
                   3025:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
                   3026:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
                   3027:   */
                   3028:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
                   3029: 
                   3030:   /* If stepm=6 months */
                   3031:   /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
                   3032:   agelim=AGESUP;
                   3033:   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); 
                   3034:   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
                   3035:   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
                   3036:   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
                   3037:   
                   3038:   p3matp=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3039:   p3matm=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3040:   gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3041:   trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
                   3042:   gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3043:   gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3044: 
                   3045:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
                   3046:     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
                   3047:     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
                   3048:     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
                   3049:     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
                   3050: 
                   3051:     /* If stepm=6 months */
                   3052:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
                   3053:        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
                   3054:     
                   3055:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
                   3056: 
                   3057:     /* Computing  Variances of health expectancies */
                   3058:     /* Gradient is computed with plus gp and minus gm. Code is duplicated in order to
                   3059:        decrease memory allocation */
                   3060:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
                   3061:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ 
                   3062:        xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3063:        xm[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3064:       }
                   3065:       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);  
                   3066:       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);  
                   3067:   
                   3068:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
                   3069:        for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
                   3070:          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
                   3071:            gp[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matp[i][j][h]+p3matp[i][j][h+1])/2.;
                   3072:            gm[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.;
                   3073:          }
                   3074:        }
                   3075:       }
                   3076:      
                   3077:       for(ij=1; ij<= nlstate*nlstate; ij++)
                   3078:        for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
                   3079:          gradg[h][theta][ij]= (gp[h][ij]-gm[h][ij])/2./delti[theta];
                   3080:        }
                   3081:     }/* End theta */
                   3082:     
                   3083:     
                   3084:     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)
                   3085:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate*nlstate;j++)
                   3086:        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                   3087:          trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
                   3088:     
                   3089: 
                   3090:      for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
                   3091:       for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
                   3092:        varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] =0.;
                   3093: 
                   3094:      printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
                   3095:      fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
                   3096:      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
                   3097:       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
                   3098:        matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
                   3099:        matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate,gradg[k]);
                   3100:        for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
                   3101:          for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
                   3102:            varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] += doldm[ij][ji]*hf*hf;
                   3103:       }
                   3104:     }
                   3105: 
                   3106:     /* Computing expectancies */
                   3107:     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);  
                   3108:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3109:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3110:        for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
                   3111:          eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
                   3112:          
                   3113:          /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
                   3114: 
                   3115:        }
                   3116: 
                   3117:     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"%3.0f",age );
                   3118:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   3119:       eip=0.;
                   3120:       vip=0.;
                   3121:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   3122:        eip += eij[i][j][(int)age];
                   3123:        for(k=1; k<=nlstate;k++) /* Sum on j and k of cov(eij,eik) */
                   3124:          vip += varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(k-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age];
                   3125:        fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(j-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age]) );
                   3126:       }
                   3127:       fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eip, sqrt(vip));
                   3128:     }
                   3129:     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
                   3130: 
                   3131:     fprintf(ficrescveij,"%3.0f",age );
                   3132:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3133:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   3134:        cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
                   3135:        for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
                   3136:          for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
                   3137:            cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
                   3138:            if(cptj2 <= cptj)
                   3139:              fprintf(ficrescveij," %.4f", varhe[cptj][cptj2][(int)age]);
                   3140:          }
                   3141:       }
                   3142:     fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
                   3143:    
                   3144:   }
                   3145:   free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3146:   free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3147:   free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3148:   free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
                   3149:   free_ma3x(p3matm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3150:   free_ma3x(p3matp,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3151:   printf("\n");
                   3152:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   3153: 
                   3154:   free_vector(xm,1,npar);
                   3155:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
                   3156:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
                   3157:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
                   3158:   free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
                   3159: }
                   3160: 
                   3161: /************ Variance ******************/
                   3162: void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[])
                   3163: {
                   3164:   /* Variance of health expectancies */
                   3165:   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
                   3166:   /* double **newm;*/
                   3167:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
                   3168:   double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
                   3169:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
                   3170:   int k, cptcode;
                   3171:   double *xp;
                   3172:   double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
                   3173:   double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
                   3174:   double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
                   3175:   double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
                   3176:   double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
                   3177:   double ***p3mat;
                   3178:   double age,agelim, hf;
                   3179:   double ***mobaverage;
                   3180:   int theta;
                   3181:   char digit[4];
                   3182:   char digitp[25];
                   3183: 
                   3184:   char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   3185: 
                   3186:   if(popbased==1){
                   3187:     if(mobilav!=0)
                   3188:       strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
                   3189:     else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
                   3190:   }
                   3191:   else 
                   3192:     strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
                   3193: 
                   3194:   if (mobilav!=0) {
                   3195:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   3196:     if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
                   3197:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   3198:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   3199:     }
                   3200:   }
                   3201: 
                   3202:   strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev"); 
                   3203:   sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
                   3204:   /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
                   3205:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
                   3206:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
                   3207:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
                   3208:   if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
                   3209:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
                   3210:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
                   3211:   }
                   3212:   printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
                   3213:  
                   3214:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
                   3215:   pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
                   3216:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
                   3217:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
                   3218:   for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3219:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
                   3220:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3221:       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
                   3222:   }  
                   3223:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
                   3224:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
                   3225:   /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
                   3226:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
                   3227:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
                   3228: /*   } */
                   3229:   varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3230:   pstamp(ficresvij);
                   3231:   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
                   3232:   if(popbased==1)
1.128     brouard  3233:     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
1.126     brouard  3234:   else
                   3235:     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
                   3236:   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
                   3237:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3238:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3239:       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
                   3240:   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
                   3241: 
                   3242:   xp=vector(1,npar);
                   3243:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3244:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
                   3245:   dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
                   3246:   doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3247: 
                   3248:   gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3249:   gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3250:   gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3251:   trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
                   3252:   
                   3253:   if(estepm < stepm){
                   3254:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
                   3255:   }
                   3256:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
                   3257:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
                   3258:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
                   3259:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
                   3260:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
1.128     brouard  3261:      Look at function hpijx to understand why (it is linked to memory size questions) */
1.126     brouard  3262:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
                   3263:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
                   3264:      means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
                   3265:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
                   3266:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
                   3267:   */
                   3268:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
                   3269:   agelim = AGESUP;
                   3270:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
                   3271:     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
                   3272:     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
                   3273:     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3274:     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
                   3275:     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
                   3276:     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
                   3277: 
                   3278: 
                   3279:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
                   3280:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
                   3281:        xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3282:       }
                   3283:       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
                   3284:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
                   3285: 
                   3286:       if (popbased==1) {
                   3287:        if(mobilav ==0){
                   3288:          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3289:            prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3290:        }else{ /* mobilav */ 
                   3291:          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3292:            prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3293:        }
                   3294:       }
                   3295:   
                   3296:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
                   3297:        for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   3298:          for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3299:            gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
                   3300:        }
                   3301:       }
                   3302:       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
                   3303:          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
                   3304:          as a weighted average of prlim.
                   3305:       */
                   3306:       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   3307:        for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
                   3308:          gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
                   3309:       }    
                   3310:       /* end probability of death */
                   3311: 
                   3312:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
                   3313:        xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3314:       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
                   3315:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
                   3316:  
                   3317:       if (popbased==1) {
                   3318:        if(mobilav ==0){
                   3319:          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3320:            prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3321:        }else{ /* mobilav */ 
                   3322:          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3323:            prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3324:        }
                   3325:       }
                   3326: 
1.128     brouard  3327:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  /* Sum of wi * eij = e.j */
1.126     brouard  3328:        for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   3329:          for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3330:            gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
                   3331:        }
                   3332:       }
                   3333:       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
                   3334:          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
                   3335:          as a weighted average of prlim.
                   3336:       */
                   3337:       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   3338:        for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
                   3339:          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
                   3340:       }    
                   3341:       /* end probability of death */
                   3342: 
                   3343:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
                   3344:        for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   3345:          gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
                   3346:        }
                   3347: 
                   3348:       for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
                   3349:        gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
                   3350:       }
                   3351: 
                   3352:     } /* End theta */
                   3353: 
                   3354:     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
                   3355: 
                   3356:     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
                   3357:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3358:        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                   3359:          trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
                   3360: 
                   3361:     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
                   3362:       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                   3363:        trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
                   3364:   
                   3365: 
                   3366:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
                   3367:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3368:       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3369:        vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
                   3370: 
                   3371:     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
                   3372:       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
                   3373:        matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
                   3374:        matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
                   3375:        for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3376:          for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3377:            vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
                   3378:       }
                   3379:     }
                   3380:   
                   3381:     /* pptj */
                   3382:     matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
                   3383:     matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
                   3384:     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
                   3385:       for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
                   3386:        varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
                   3387:     /* end ppptj */
                   3388:     /*  x centered again */
                   3389:     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
                   3390:     prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
                   3391:  
                   3392:     if (popbased==1) {
                   3393:       if(mobilav ==0){
                   3394:        for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3395:          prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3396:       }else{ /* mobilav */ 
                   3397:        for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3398:          prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
                   3399:       }
                   3400:     }
                   3401:              
                   3402:     /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
                   3403:        computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
                   3404:        as a weighted average of prlim.
                   3405:     */
                   3406:     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                   3407:       for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++) 
                   3408:        gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1]; 
                   3409:     }    
                   3410:     /* end probability of death */
                   3411: 
                   3412:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
                   3413:     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3414:       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
                   3415:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   3416:        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
                   3417:       }
                   3418:     } 
                   3419:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
                   3420: 
                   3421:     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
                   3422:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3423:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   3424:        fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
                   3425:       }
                   3426:     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
                   3427:     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
                   3428:     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
                   3429:     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
                   3430:     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3431:     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   3432:   } /* End age */
                   3433:   free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3434:   free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3435:   free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3436:   free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
1.145     brouard  3437:   fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter png small size 320, 240");
1.126     brouard  3438:   /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
1.131     brouard  3439:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
1.126     brouard  3440: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
                   3441: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
                   3442: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
1.145     brouard  3443:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l lt 1 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
                   3444:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95\%% interval\" w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
                   3445:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
1.126     brouard  3446:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
                   3447:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
                   3448:   /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
                   3449: */
                   3450: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
                   3451:   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.png\";replot;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
                   3452: 
                   3453:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
                   3454:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
                   3455:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3456:   free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3457:   free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
                   3458:   free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   3459:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   3460:   fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
                   3461:   fflush(ficgp);
                   3462:   fflush(fichtm); 
                   3463: }  /* end varevsij */
                   3464: 
                   3465: /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
                   3466: void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, char strstart[])
                   3467: {
                   3468:   /* Variance of prevalence limit */
                   3469:   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
                   3470:   double **newm;
                   3471:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
                   3472:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
                   3473:   int k, cptcode;
                   3474:   double *xp;
                   3475:   double *gp, *gm;
                   3476:   double **gradg, **trgradg;
                   3477:   double age,agelim;
                   3478:   int theta;
                   3479:   
                   3480:   pstamp(ficresvpl);
                   3481:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
                   3482:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
                   3483:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3484:       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
                   3485:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
                   3486: 
                   3487:   xp=vector(1,npar);
                   3488:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3489:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
                   3490:   
                   3491:   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
                   3492:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */ 
                   3493:   agelim = AGESUP;
                   3494:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
                   3495:     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
                   3496:     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
                   3497:     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
                   3498:     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
                   3499:     gp=vector(1,nlstate);
                   3500:     gm=vector(1,nlstate);
                   3501: 
                   3502:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
                   3503:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
                   3504:        xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3505:       }
                   3506:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
                   3507:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3508:        gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
                   3509:     
                   3510:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
                   3511:        xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
                   3512:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
                   3513:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3514:        gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
                   3515: 
                   3516:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3517:        gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
                   3518:     } /* End theta */
                   3519: 
                   3520:     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3521: 
                   3522:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
                   3523:       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                   3524:        trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
                   3525: 
                   3526:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3527:       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
                   3528:     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
                   3529:     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
                   3530:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3531:       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
                   3532: 
                   3533:     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
                   3534:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3535:       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
                   3536:     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
                   3537:     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
                   3538:     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
                   3539:     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
                   3540:     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3541:   } /* End age */
                   3542: 
                   3543:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
                   3544:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
                   3545:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
                   3546: 
                   3547: }
                   3548: 
                   3549: /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
                   3550: void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax, char strstart[])
                   3551: {
                   3552:   int i, j=0,  i1, k1, l1, t, tj;
                   3553:   int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
                   3554:   int k=0,l, cptcode;
1.145     brouard  3555:   int first=1, first1, first2;
1.126     brouard  3556:   double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
                   3557:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
                   3558:   double *xp;
                   3559:   double *gp, *gm;
                   3560:   double **gradg, **trgradg;
                   3561:   double **mu;
1.145     brouard  3562:   double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
1.126     brouard  3563:   double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
                   3564:   int theta;
                   3565:   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   3566:   char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   3567:   char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   3568:   double ***varpij;
                   3569: 
                   3570:   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob"); 
                   3571:   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
                   3572:   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
                   3573:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
                   3574:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
                   3575:   }
                   3576:   strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov"); 
                   3577:   strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
                   3578:   if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
                   3579:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
                   3580:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
                   3581:   }
                   3582:   strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor"); 
                   3583:   strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
                   3584:   if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
                   3585:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
                   3586:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
                   3587:   }
                   3588:   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
                   3589:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
                   3590:   printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
                   3591:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
                   3592:   printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
                   3593:   fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
                   3594:   pstamp(ficresprob);
                   3595:   fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
                   3596:   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
                   3597:   pstamp(ficresprobcov);
                   3598:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
                   3599:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
                   3600:   pstamp(ficresprobcor);
                   3601:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
                   3602:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
                   3603: 
                   3604: 
                   3605:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   3606:     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3607:       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
                   3608:       fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
                   3609:       fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
                   3610:     }  
                   3611:  /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
                   3612:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
                   3613:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
                   3614:  */
1.131     brouard  3615:   xp=vector(1,npar);
1.126     brouard  3616:   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                   3617:   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3618:   mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
                   3619:   varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   3620:   first=1;
                   3621:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
                   3622:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
                   3623:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
                   3624: 
                   3625:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4></li>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
                   3626:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n\
                   3627:   file %s<br>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
                   3628:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated\
                   3629: and drawn. It helps understanding how is the covariance between two incidences.\
                   3630:  They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
                   3631:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
                   3632: It can be understood this way: if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2x2) matrix of covariance \
                   3633: would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 \
                   3634: standard deviations wide on each axis. <br>\
                   3635:  Now, if both incidences are correlated (usual case) we diagonalised the inverse of the covariance matrix\
                   3636:  and made the appropriate rotation to look at the uncorrelated principal directions.<br>\
                   3637: To be simple, these graphs help to understand the significativity of each parameter in relation to a second other one.<br> \n");
                   3638: 
                   3639:   cov[1]=1;
1.145     brouard  3640:   /* tj=cptcoveff; */
                   3641:   tj = (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);
1.126     brouard  3642:   if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
                   3643:   j1=0;
1.145     brouard  3644:   for(j1=1; j1<=tj;j1++){
                   3645:     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){ */
                   3646:     /*j1++;*/
1.126     brouard  3647:       if  (cptcovn>0) {
                   3648:        fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable "); 
                   3649:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   3650:        fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
                   3651:        fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable "); 
                   3652:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   3653:        fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
                   3654:        
                   3655:        fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
                   3656:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   3657:        fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
                   3658:        
                   3659:        
                   3660:        fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable "); 
                   3661:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   3662:        fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
                   3663:        
                   3664:        fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");    
                   3665:        for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
                   3666:        fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");    
                   3667:       }
                   3668:       
1.145     brouard  3669:       gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3670:       trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                   3671:       gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3672:       gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
1.126     brouard  3673:       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
                   3674:        cov[2]=age;
                   3675:        for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
1.145     brouard  3676:          cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];/* j1 1 2 3 4
                   3677:                                                         * 1  1 1 1 1
                   3678:                                                         * 2  2 1 1 1
                   3679:                                                         * 3  1 2 1 1
                   3680:                                                         */
                   3681:          /* nbcode[1][1]=0 nbcode[1][2]=1;*/
1.126     brouard  3682:        }
                   3683:        for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
                   3684:        for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
                   3685:          cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
                   3686:        
                   3687:     
                   3688:        for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
                   3689:          for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
                   3690:            xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
                   3691:          
                   3692:          pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
                   3693:          
                   3694:          k=0;
                   3695:          for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
                   3696:            for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3697:              k=k+1;
                   3698:              gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
                   3699:            }
                   3700:          }
                   3701:          
                   3702:          for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
                   3703:            xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
                   3704:     
                   3705:          pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
                   3706:          k=0;
                   3707:          for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
                   3708:            for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3709:              k=k+1;
                   3710:              gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
                   3711:            }
                   3712:          }
                   3713:      
                   3714:          for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++) 
                   3715:            gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];  
                   3716:        }
                   3717: 
                   3718:        for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
                   3719:          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                   3720:            trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
                   3721:        
                   3722:        matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov); 
                   3723:        matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
                   3724: 
                   3725:        pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
                   3726:        
                   3727:        k=0;
                   3728:        for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
                   3729:          for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                   3730:            k=k+1;
                   3731:            mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
                   3732:          }
                   3733:        }
                   3734:        for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
                   3735:          for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
                   3736:            varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
                   3737: 
                   3738:        /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
                   3739:          for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
                   3740:          printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
                   3741:          fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
                   3742:          }*/
                   3743: 
                   3744:        fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
                   3745:        fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
                   3746:        fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
                   3747: 
                   3748:        for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
                   3749:          fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
                   3750:        for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
                   3751:          fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
                   3752:          fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
                   3753:        }
                   3754:        i=0;
                   3755:        for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
                   3756:          for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){ 
1.145     brouard  3757:            i++;
1.126     brouard  3758:            fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
                   3759:            fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
                   3760:            for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
1.145     brouard  3761:              /* printf(" k=%d l=%d i=%d j=%d\n",k,l,i,j);fflush(stdout); */
1.126     brouard  3762:              fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
                   3763:              fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
                   3764:            }
                   3765:          }
                   3766:        }/* end of loop for state */
                   3767:       } /* end of loop for age */
1.145     brouard  3768:       free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3769:       free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3770:       free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                   3771:       free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                   3772:       
1.126     brouard  3773:       /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
                   3774:       /*
1.131     brouard  3775:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label");
1.126     brouard  3776:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
                   3777:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
                   3778:        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
                   3779:        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
                   3780:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
                   3781:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
                   3782:       */
                   3783: 
                   3784:       /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
1.145     brouard  3785:       first1=1;first2=2;
1.126     brouard  3786:       for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
                   3787:        for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){ 
                   3788:          if(l2==k2) continue;
                   3789:          j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
                   3790:          for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
                   3791:            for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){ 
                   3792:              if(l1==k1) continue;
                   3793:              i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
                   3794:              if(i<=j) continue;
                   3795:              for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
                   3796:                if ((int)age %5==0){
                   3797:                  v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
                   3798:                  v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
                   3799:                  cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
                   3800:                  mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
                   3801:                  mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
                   3802:                  c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
                   3803:                  /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
                   3804:                  lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
                   3805:                  lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
1.135     brouard  3806:                  if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
1.145     brouard  3807:                    if(first2==1){
                   3808:                      first1=0;
                   3809:                    printf("Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS. See log file for details...\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);
                   3810:                    }
                   3811:                    fprintf(ficlog,"Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS.\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);fflush(ficlog);
                   3812:                    /* lc1=fabs(lc1); */ /* If we want to have them positive */
                   3813:                    /* lc2=fabs(lc2); */
1.135     brouard  3814:                  }
                   3815: 
1.126     brouard  3816:                  /* Eigen vectors */
                   3817:                  v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
                   3818:                  /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
                   3819:                  v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
                   3820:                  v12=-v21;
                   3821:                  v22=v11;
                   3822:                  tnalp=v21/v11;
                   3823:                  if(first1==1){
                   3824:                    first1=0;
                   3825:                    printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
                   3826:                  }
                   3827:                  fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
                   3828:                  /*printf(fignu*/
                   3829:                  /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
                   3830:                  /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
                   3831:                  if(first==1){
                   3832:                    first=0;
                   3833:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
                   3834:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
1.145     brouard  3835:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240");
1.126     brouard  3836:                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
                   3837:  :<a href=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">\
                   3838: %s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
                   3839:                            subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,\
                   3840:                            subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3841:                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3842:                    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
                   3843:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3844:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
                   3845:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3846:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
                   3847:                            mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
                   3848:                            mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
                   3849:                  }else{
                   3850:                    first=0;
                   3851:                    fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
                   3852:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3853:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
                   3854:                    fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
                   3855:                            mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
                   3856:                            mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
                   3857:                  }/* if first */
                   3858:                } /* age mod 5 */
                   3859:              } /* end loop age */
                   3860:              fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   3861:              first=1;
                   3862:            } /*l12 */
                   3863:          } /* k12 */
                   3864:        } /*l1 */
                   3865:       }/* k1 */
1.145     brouard  3866:       /* } /* loop covariates */
1.126     brouard  3867:   }
                   3868:   free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
                   3869:   free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
                   3870:   free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                   3871:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                   3872:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
                   3873:   fclose(ficresprob);
                   3874:   fclose(ficresprobcov);
                   3875:   fclose(ficresprobcor);
                   3876:   fflush(ficgp);
                   3877:   fflush(fichtmcov);
                   3878: }
                   3879: 
                   3880: 
                   3881: /******************* Printing html file ***********/
                   3882: void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
                   3883:                  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
                   3884:                  int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
                   3885:                  int popforecast, int estepm ,\
                   3886:                  double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
                   3887:                  double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
                   3888:   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
                   3889: 
                   3890:    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><a href='#firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a>\n \
                   3891:    <li><a href='#secondorder'>Result files (second order (variance)</a>\n \
                   3892: </ul>");
                   3893:    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n \
                   3894:  - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n ",
                   3895:           jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirf2(fileres,"p"),subdirf2(fileres,"p"));
                   3896:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3897:  - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
                   3898:           stepm,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
                   3899:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3900:  - Period (stable) prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3901:           subdirf2(fileres,"pl"),subdirf2(fileres,"pl"));
                   3902:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
1.128     brouard  3903:  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, ei. (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age, eij . If one or more covariates are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
1.126     brouard  3904:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3905:           estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),subdirf2(fileres,"e"));
                   3906:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3907:  - Population projections by age and states: \
                   3908:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileres,"f"),subdirf2(fileres,"f"));
                   3909: 
                   3910: fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
                   3911: 
1.145     brouard  3912:  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
1.126     brouard  3913:  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
                   3914: 
                   3915:  jj1=0;
                   3916:  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
                   3917:    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
                   3918:      jj1++;
                   3919:      if (cptcovn > 0) {
                   3920:        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
                   3921:        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
                   3922:         fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
                   3923:        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
                   3924:      }
                   3925:      /* Pij */
1.145     brouard  3926:      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s%d_1.png\">%s%d_1.png</a><br> \
                   3927: <img src=\"%s%d_1.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);     
1.126     brouard  3928:      /* Quasi-incidences */
                   3929:      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
1.145     brouard  3930:  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: <a href=\"%s%d_2.png\">%s%d_2.png</a><br> \
                   3931: <img src=\"%s%d_2.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1); 
1.126     brouard  3932:        /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
1.154     brouard  3933:        for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
                   3934:         fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Convergence from each state (1 to %d) to period (stable) prevalence in state %d <a href=\"%s%d_%d.png\">%s%d_%d.png</a><br> \
                   3935: <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">",nlstate, cpt, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1);
1.126     brouard  3936:        }
                   3937:      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
1.154     brouard  3938:         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies in each alive state (1 to %d) : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a> <br> \
                   3939: <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,nlstate,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1);
1.126     brouard  3940:      }
                   3941:    } /* end i1 */
                   3942:  }/* End k1 */
                   3943:  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
                   3944: 
                   3945: 
                   3946:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3947: \n<br><li><h4> <a name='secondorder'>Result files (second order: variances)</a></h4>\n\
                   3948:  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n", rfileres,rfileres);
                   3949: 
                   3950:  fprintf(fichtm," - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3951:         subdirf2(fileres,"prob"),subdirf2(fileres,"prob"));
                   3952:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3953:  - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3954:         subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"));
                   3955: 
                   3956:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3957:  - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3958:         subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"));
                   3959:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3960:  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age and <b>initial health status</b> (cov(e<sup>ij</sup>,e<sup>kl</sup>)(estepm=%2d months): \
                   3961:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
                   3962:           estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"cve"),subdirf2(fileres,"cve"));
                   3963:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3964:  - (a) Health expectancies by health status at initial age (e<sup>ij</sup>) and standard errors (in parentheses) (b) life expectancies and standard errors (e<sup>i.</sup>=e<sup>i1</sup>+e<sup>i2</sup>+...)(estepm=%2d months): \
                   3965:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
                   3966:           estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"stde"),subdirf2(fileres,"stde"));
                   3967:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
1.128     brouard  3968:  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age. Status (i) based health expectancies (in state j), e<sup>ij</sup> are weighted by the period prevalences in each state i (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",
1.126     brouard  3969:         estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"v"),subdirf2(fileres,"v"));
                   3970:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
1.128     brouard  3971:  - Total life expectancy and total health expectancies to be spent in each health state e<sup>.j</sup> with their standard errors (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
                   3972:         estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"t"),subdirf2(fileres,"t"));
1.126     brouard  3973:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
                   3974:  - Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",\
                   3975:         subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"));
                   3976: 
                   3977: /*  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n */
                   3978: /*  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n */
                   3979: /*  - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n */
                   3980: /*     <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres); */
                   3981: /*  else  */
                   3982: /*    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model); */
                   3983:  fflush(fichtm);
                   3984:  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
                   3985: 
1.145     brouard  3986:  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
1.126     brouard  3987:  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
                   3988: 
                   3989:  jj1=0;
                   3990:  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
                   3991:    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
                   3992:      jj1++;
                   3993:      if (cptcovn > 0) {
                   3994:        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
                   3995:        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
                   3996:         fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
                   3997:        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
                   3998:      }
                   3999:      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
                   4000:        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed (cross-sectional) and period (incidence based) \
1.145     brouard  4001: prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): %s%d_%d.png <br>\
                   4002: <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1);  
1.126     brouard  4003:      }
                   4004:      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and \
1.128     brouard  4005: health expectancies in states (1) and (2). If popbased=1 the smooth (due to the model) \
                   4006: true period expectancies (those weighted with period prevalences are also\
                   4007:  drawn in addition to the population based expectancies computed using\
                   4008:  observed and cahotic prevalences: %s%d.png<br>\
1.126     brouard  4009: <img src=\"%s%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1);
                   4010:    } /* end i1 */
                   4011:  }/* End k1 */
                   4012:  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
                   4013:  fflush(fichtm);
                   4014: }
                   4015: 
                   4016: /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
                   4017: void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
                   4018: 
                   4019:   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
1.130     brouard  4020:   int m0,cpt=0,k1=0,i=0,k=0,j=0,jk=0,k2=0,k3=0,ij=0,l=0;
                   4021:   int ng=0;
1.126     brouard  4022: /*   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) { */
                   4023: /*     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
                   4024: /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
                   4025: /*   } */
                   4026: 
                   4027:   /*#ifdef windows */
                   4028:   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
                   4029:     /*#endif */
                   4030:   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
                   4031: 
                   4032:   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
                   4033:   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
                   4034:  /* 1eme*/
1.153     brouard  4035:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 1st: Period (stable) prevalence with CI: 'vpl' files\n");
1.126     brouard  4036:   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
1.145     brouard  4037:     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* plot [100000000000000000000:-100000000000000000000] "mysbiaspar/vplrmysbiaspar.txt to check */
                   4038:      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,k1);
                   4039:      fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"v%s%d_%d.png\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1);
1.126     brouard  4040:      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \n\
                   4041: set ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
1.145     brouard  4042: set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
1.126     brouard  4043: plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
                   4044: 
                   4045:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
                   4046:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
1.131     brouard  4047:        else        fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
1.126     brouard  4048:      }
1.145     brouard  4049:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 0,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
1.126     brouard  4050:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
                   4051:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
                   4052:        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
                   4053:      } 
1.145     brouard  4054:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1); 
1.126     brouard  4055:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
                   4056:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
                   4057:        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
                   4058:      }  
1.145     brouard  4059:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l lt 2",subdirf2(fileres,"p"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
1.126     brouard  4060:    }
                   4061:   }
                   4062:   /*2 eme*/
1.153     brouard  4063:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 2nd: Total life expectancy with CI: 't' files\n");
1.126     brouard  4064:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
                   4065:     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),k1);
1.145     brouard  4066:     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small size 320, 240\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
1.126     brouard  4067:     
                   4068:     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
                   4069:       k=2*i;
                   4070:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
                   4071:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
                   4072:        if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
                   4073:        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
                   4074:       }   
                   4075:       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
                   4076:       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
                   4077:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
                   4078:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
                   4079:        if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
                   4080:        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
                   4081:       }   
1.145     brouard  4082:       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
1.126     brouard  4083:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
                   4084:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
                   4085:        if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
                   4086:        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
                   4087:       }   
1.145     brouard  4088:       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0");
                   4089:       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
1.126     brouard  4090:     }
                   4091:   }
                   4092:   
                   4093:   /*3eme*/
                   4094:   
                   4095:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
                   4096:     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
                   4097:       /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
                   4098:       k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
                   4099:       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,k1);
1.145     brouard  4100:       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
1.126     brouard  4101: plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
                   4102:       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
                   4103:        for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
                   4104:        fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
                   4105:        fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
                   4106:        for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
                   4107:        fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
                   4108:        
                   4109:       */
                   4110:       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
                   4111:        fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
                   4112:        /*      fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
                   4113:        
                   4114:       } 
                   4115:       fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
                   4116:     }
                   4117:   }
                   4118:   
                   4119:   /* CV preval stable (period) */
1.153     brouard  4120:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* For each multivariate if any */
                   4121:     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state */
1.126     brouard  4122:       k=3;
1.153     brouard  4123:       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#CV preval stable (period): 'pij' files, cov=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
1.145     brouard  4124:       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,k1);
1.126     brouard  4125:       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
1.145     brouard  4126: set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
1.126     brouard  4127: unset log y\n\
1.153     brouard  4128: plot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
                   4129:       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){
                   4130:        if(i==1)
                   4131:          fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
                   4132:        else
                   4133:          fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
1.154     brouard  4134:        l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1;
                   4135:        fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l);
1.153     brouard  4136:        for (j=1; j<= (nlstate-1) ; j ++)
                   4137:          fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j);
                   4138:        fprintf(ficgp,")) t \"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",i,cpt);
                   4139:       } /* nlstate */
                   4140:       fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
                   4141:     } /* end cpt state*/ 
                   4142:   } /* end covariate */  
1.126     brouard  4143:   
                   4144:   /* proba elementaires */
                   4145:   for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   4146:     for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
                   4147:       if (k != i) {
                   4148:        for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
                   4149:          fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);
                   4150:          jk++; 
                   4151:          fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
                   4152:        }
                   4153:       }
                   4154:     }
                   4155:    }
1.145     brouard  4156:   /*goto avoid;*/
1.126     brouard  4157:    for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
                   4158:      for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
1.145     brouard  4159:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jk,ng); 
1.126     brouard  4160:        if (ng==2)
                   4161:         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
                   4162:        else
                   4163:         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
1.145     brouard  4164:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
1.126     brouard  4165:        i=1;
                   4166:        for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
                   4167:         k3=i;
                   4168:         for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
                   4169:           if (k != k2){
                   4170:             if(ng==2)
                   4171:               fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
                   4172:             else
                   4173:               fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
1.141     brouard  4174:             ij=1;/* To be checked else nbcode[0][0] wrong */
1.126     brouard  4175:             for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {
1.145     brouard  4176:               /* if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { /\* Bug valgrind *\/ */
                   4177:               /*        /\*fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);*\/ */
                   4178:               /*        ij++; */
                   4179:               /* } */
                   4180:               /* else */
1.126     brouard  4181:                 fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
                   4182:             }
                   4183:             fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
                   4184:             
                   4185:             for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){   
                   4186:               fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
                   4187:               ij=1;
                   4188:               for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
1.145     brouard  4189:                 /* if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { */
                   4190:                 /*   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]); */
                   4191:                 /*   ij++; */
                   4192:                 /* } */
                   4193:                 /* else */
1.126     brouard  4194:                   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
                   4195:               }
                   4196:               fprintf(ficgp,")");
                   4197:             }
                   4198:             fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
                   4199:             if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
                   4200:             i=i+ncovmodel;
                   4201:           }
                   4202:         } /* end k */
                   4203:        } /* end k2 */
                   4204:      } /* end jk */
                   4205:    } /* end ng */
1.145     brouard  4206:  avoid:
1.126     brouard  4207:    fflush(ficgp); 
                   4208: }  /* end gnuplot */
                   4209: 
                   4210: 
                   4211: /*************** Moving average **************/
                   4212: int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
                   4213: 
                   4214:   int i, cpt, cptcod;
                   4215:   int modcovmax =1;
                   4216:   int mobilavrange, mob;
                   4217:   double age;
                   4218: 
                   4219:   modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose 
                   4220:                           a covariate has 2 modalities */
                   4221:   if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
                   4222: 
                   4223:   if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
                   4224:     if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
                   4225:     else mobilavrange=mobilav;
                   4226:     for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
                   4227:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   4228:        for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
                   4229:          mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
                   4230:     /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for 
                   4231:        fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
                   4232:        we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned. 
                   4233:     */ 
                   4234:     for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
                   4235:       for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
                   4236:        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   4237:          for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
                   4238:            mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
                   4239:              for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
                   4240:                mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
                   4241:                mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
                   4242:              }
                   4243:            mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
                   4244:          }
                   4245:        }
                   4246:       }/* end age */
                   4247:     }/* end mob */
                   4248:   }else return -1;
                   4249:   return 0;
                   4250: }/* End movingaverage */
                   4251: 
                   4252: 
                   4253: /************** Forecasting ******************/
                   4254: prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
                   4255:   /* proj1, year, month, day of starting projection 
                   4256:      agemin, agemax range of age
                   4257:      dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
                   4258:      anproj2 year of en of projection (same day and month as proj1).
                   4259:   */
                   4260:   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, c, cptcod, i, h, i1;
                   4261:   int *popage;
                   4262:   double agec; /* generic age */
                   4263:   double agelim, ppij, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
                   4264:   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
                   4265:   double ***p3mat;
                   4266:   double ***mobaverage;
                   4267:   char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   4268: 
                   4269:   agelim=AGESUP;
                   4270:   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
                   4271:  
                   4272:   strcpy(fileresf,"f"); 
                   4273:   strcat(fileresf,fileres);
                   4274:   if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
                   4275:     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
                   4276:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
                   4277:   }
                   4278:   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
                   4279:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
                   4280: 
                   4281:   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
                   4282: 
                   4283:   if (mobilav!=0) {
                   4284:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4285:     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
                   4286:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   4287:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   4288:     }
                   4289:   }
                   4290: 
                   4291:   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
                   4292:   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
                   4293:   if(estepm < stepm){
                   4294:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
                   4295:   }
                   4296:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
                   4297: 
                   4298:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
                   4299:   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
                   4300:                                fractional in yp1 */
                   4301:   anprojmean=yp;
                   4302:   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
                   4303:   mprojmean=yp;
                   4304:   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
                   4305:   jprojmean=yp;
                   4306:   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
                   4307:   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
                   4308: 
                   4309:   i1=cptcoveff;
                   4310:   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
                   4311:   
                   4312:   fprintf(ficresf,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2); 
                   4313:   
                   4314:   fprintf(ficresf,"#****** Routine prevforecast **\n");
                   4315: 
                   4316: /*           if (h==(int)(YEARM*yearp)){ */
                   4317:   for(cptcov=1, k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
                   4318:     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
                   4319:       k=k+1;
                   4320:       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
                   4321:       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
                   4322:        fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d, hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   4323:       }
                   4324:       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
                   4325:       fprintf(ficresf,"# Covariate valuofcovar yearproj age");
                   4326:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){ 
                   4327:        for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)              
                   4328:           fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
                   4329:        fprintf(ficresf," p.%d",j);
                   4330:       }
                   4331:       for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) { 
                   4332:        fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
                   4333:        fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);   
                   4334: 
                   4335:        for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){ 
                   4336:          nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm); 
                   4337:          nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
                   4338:          p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4339:          oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
                   4340:          hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
                   4341:        
                   4342:          for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   4343:            if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
                   4344:               fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
                   4345:               for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
                   4346:                 fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   4347:              fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
                   4348:            } 
                   4349:            for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                   4350:              ppij=0.;
                   4351:              for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
                   4352:                if (mobilav==1) 
                   4353:                  ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][i][cptcod];
                   4354:                else {
                   4355:                  ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][cptcod];
                   4356:                }
                   4357:                if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm== yearp) {
                   4358:                  fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
                   4359:                }
                   4360:              } /* end i */
                   4361:              if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm==yearp) {
                   4362:                fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
                   4363:              }
                   4364:            }/* end j */
                   4365:          } /* end h */
                   4366:          free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4367:        } /* end agec */
                   4368:       } /* end yearp */
                   4369:     } /* end cptcod */
                   4370:   } /* end  cptcov */
                   4371:        
                   4372:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4373: 
                   4374:   fclose(ficresf);
                   4375: }
                   4376: 
                   4377: /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
                   4378: populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
                   4379:   
                   4380:   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
                   4381:   int *popage;
                   4382:   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2;
                   4383:   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
                   4384:   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
                   4385:   double ***mobaverage;
                   4386:   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
                   4387: 
                   4388:   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4389:   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4390:   agelim=AGESUP;
                   4391:   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
                   4392:   
                   4393:   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
                   4394:   
                   4395:   
                   4396:   strcpy(filerespop,"pop"); 
                   4397:   strcat(filerespop,fileres);
                   4398:   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
                   4399:     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
                   4400:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
                   4401:   }
                   4402:   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
                   4403:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
                   4404: 
                   4405:   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
                   4406: 
                   4407:   if (mobilav!=0) {
                   4408:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4409:     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
                   4410:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   4411:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   4412:     }
                   4413:   }
                   4414: 
                   4415:   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
                   4416:   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
                   4417:   
                   4418:   agelim=AGESUP;
                   4419:   
                   4420:   hstepm=1;
                   4421:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
                   4422:   
                   4423:   if (popforecast==1) {
                   4424:     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
                   4425:       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
                   4426:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
                   4427:     } 
                   4428:     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
                   4429:     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
                   4430:     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
                   4431:     
                   4432:     i=1;   
                   4433:     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
                   4434:    
                   4435:     imx=i;
                   4436:     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
                   4437:   }
                   4438: 
                   4439:   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
                   4440:    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
                   4441:       k=k+1;
                   4442:       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
                   4443:       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
                   4444:        fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   4445:       }
                   4446:       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
                   4447:       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
                   4448:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
                   4449:       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
                   4450:       
                   4451:       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) { 
                   4452:        fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
                   4453:        
                   4454:        for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
                   4455:          nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
                   4456:          nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
                   4457:          
                   4458:          p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4459:          oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
                   4460:          hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
                   4461:        
                   4462:          for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   4463:            if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
                   4464:              fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
                   4465:            } 
                   4466:            for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                   4467:              kk1=0.;kk2=0;
                   4468:              for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {              
                   4469:                if (mobilav==1) 
                   4470:                  kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
                   4471:                else {
                   4472:                  kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
                   4473:                }
                   4474:              }
                   4475:              if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){
                   4476:                tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
                   4477:                  /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
                   4478:                    if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
                   4479:              }
                   4480:            }
                   4481:            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                   4482:              kk1=0.;
                   4483:                for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
                   4484:                  kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]; 
                   4485:                }
                   4486:                  tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
                   4487:            }
                   4488: 
                   4489:            if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++) 
                   4490:              fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
                   4491:          }
                   4492:          free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4493:        }
                   4494:       }
                   4495:  
                   4496:   /******/
                   4497: 
                   4498:       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) { 
                   4499:        fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
                   4500:        for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
                   4501:          nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
                   4502:          nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
                   4503:          
                   4504:          p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4505:          oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
                   4506:          hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
                   4507:          for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
                   4508:            if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
                   4509:              fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
                   4510:            } 
                   4511:            for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                   4512:              kk1=0.;kk2=0;
                   4513:              for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {              
                   4514:                kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];    
                   4515:              }
                   4516:              if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);        
                   4517:            }
                   4518:          }
                   4519:          free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                   4520:        }
                   4521:       }
                   4522:    } 
                   4523:   }
                   4524:  
                   4525:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4526: 
                   4527:   if (popforecast==1) {
                   4528:     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
                   4529:     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
                   4530:     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
                   4531:   }
                   4532:   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4533:   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   4534:   fclose(ficrespop);
                   4535: } /* End of popforecast */
                   4536: 
                   4537: int fileappend(FILE *fichier, char *optionfich)
                   4538: {
                   4539:   if((fichier=fopen(optionfich,"a"))==NULL) {
                   4540:     printf("Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
                   4541:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
                   4542:     return (0);
                   4543:   }
                   4544:   fflush(fichier);
                   4545:   return (1);
                   4546: }
                   4547: 
                   4548: 
                   4549: /**************** function prwizard **********************/
                   4550: void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate, int ndeath,  char model[], FILE *ficparo)
                   4551: {
                   4552: 
                   4553:   /* Wizard to print covariance matrix template */
                   4554: 
                   4555:   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
                   4556:   int i,j, k, l, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
                   4557:   int numlinepar;
                   4558: 
                   4559:   printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
                   4560:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
                   4561:   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   4562:     jj=0;
                   4563:     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
                   4564:       if(j==i) continue;
                   4565:       jj++;
                   4566:       /*ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';*/
                   4567:       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
                   4568:       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
                   4569:       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   4570:        /*        printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
                   4571:        /*        fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
                   4572:        printf(" 0.");
                   4573:        fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
                   4574:       }
                   4575:       printf("\n");
                   4576:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   4577:     }
                   4578:   }
                   4579:   printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
                   4580:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
                   4581:   npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/ 
                   4582:   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   4583:     jj=0;
                   4584:     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
                   4585:       if(j==i) continue;
                   4586:       jj++;
                   4587:       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
                   4588:       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
                   4589:       fflush(stdout);
                   4590:       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   4591:        /*      printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
                   4592:        /*      fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
                   4593:        printf(" 0.");
                   4594:        fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
                   4595:       }
                   4596:       numlinepar++;
                   4597:       printf("\n");
                   4598:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   4599:     }
                   4600:   }
                   4601:   printf("# Covariance matrix\n");
                   4602: /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
                   4603: /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
                   4604: /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
                   4605: /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
                   4606: /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
                   4607: /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
                   4608: /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
                   4609: /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
                   4610:   fflush(stdout);
                   4611:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Covariance matrix\n");
                   4612:   /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
                   4613:   /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
                   4614:   /* #   ...\n\ */
                   4615:   /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
                   4616:   
                   4617:   for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
                   4618:     jj=0;
                   4619:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   4620:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
                   4621:        if(j==i) continue;
                   4622:        for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   4623:          jj++;
                   4624:          ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
                   4625:          if(itimes==1){
                   4626:            printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   4627:            fprintf(ficparo,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   4628:          }else{
                   4629:            printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   4630:            fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   4631:            /*  printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]); */
                   4632:          }
                   4633:          ll=0;
                   4634:          for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
                   4635:            for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
                   4636:              if(lj==li) continue;
                   4637:              for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
                   4638:                ll++;
                   4639:                if(ll<=jj){
                   4640:                  cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
                   4641:                  if(ll<jj){
                   4642:                    if(itimes==1){
                   4643:                      printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
                   4644:                      fprintf(ficparo," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
                   4645:                    }else{
                   4646:                      printf(" 0.");
                   4647:                      fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
                   4648:                    }
                   4649:                  }else{
                   4650:                    if(itimes==1){
                   4651:                      printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                   4652:                      fprintf(ficparo," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                   4653:                    }else{
                   4654:                      printf(" 0.");
                   4655:                      fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
                   4656:                    }
                   4657:                  }
                   4658:                }
                   4659:              } /* end lk */
                   4660:            } /* end lj */
                   4661:          } /* end li */
                   4662:          printf("\n");
                   4663:          fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   4664:          numlinepar++;
                   4665:        } /* end k*/
                   4666:       } /*end j */
                   4667:     } /* end i */
                   4668:   } /* end itimes */
                   4669: 
                   4670: } /* end of prwizard */
                   4671: /******************* Gompertz Likelihood ******************************/
                   4672: double gompertz(double x[])
                   4673: { 
                   4674:   double A,B,L=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
                   4675:   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
                   4676: 
                   4677:   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
                   4678:     sump=sump+weight[i];
                   4679:     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
                   4680:     num=num+1;
                   4681:   }
                   4682:  
                   4683:  
                   4684:   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++) 
                   4685:      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
                   4686: 
                   4687:   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
                   4688:     {
                   4689:       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
                   4690:        A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
                   4691:       
                   4692:       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
                   4693:        A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
                   4694:             +log(x[1]/YEARM)+x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);  
                   4695:       
                   4696:       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
                   4697:       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
                   4698:        L=L+A*weight[i];
                   4699:        /*      printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
                   4700:       }
                   4701:     }
                   4702: 
                   4703:  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
                   4704:  
                   4705:   return -2*L*num/sump;
                   4706: }
                   4707: 
1.136     brouard  4708: #ifdef GSL
                   4709: /******************* Gompertz_f Likelihood ******************************/
                   4710: double gompertz_f(const gsl_vector *v, void *params)
                   4711: { 
                   4712:   double A,B,LL=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
                   4713:   double *x= (double *) v->data;
                   4714:   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
                   4715: 
                   4716:   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
                   4717:     sump=sump+weight[i];
                   4718:     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
                   4719:     num=num+1;
                   4720:   }
                   4721:  
                   4722:  
                   4723:   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++) 
                   4724:      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
                   4725:   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf\n",x[0],x[1]);
                   4726:   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
                   4727:     {
                   4728:       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
                   4729:        A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
                   4730:       
                   4731:       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
                   4732:        A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
                   4733:             +log(x[0]/YEARM)+x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);  
                   4734:       
                   4735:       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
                   4736:       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
                   4737:        LL=LL+A*weight[i];
                   4738:        /*      printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
                   4739:       }
                   4740:     }
                   4741: 
                   4742:  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
                   4743:   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf -2*LL*num/sump=%lf\n",x[0],x[1],-2*LL*num/sump);
                   4744:  
                   4745:   return -2*LL*num/sump;
                   4746: }
                   4747: #endif
                   4748: 
1.126     brouard  4749: /******************* Printing html file ***********/
                   4750: void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
                   4751:                  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
                   4752:                  int imx,  double p[],double **matcov,double agemortsup){
                   4753:   int i,k;
                   4754: 
                   4755:   fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Result files </h4>\n Force of mortality. Parameters of the Gompertz fit (with confidence interval in brackets):<br>");
                   4756:   fprintf(fichtm,"  mu(age) =%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d)) per year<br><br>",p[1],p[2],agegomp);
                   4757:   for (i=1;i<=2;i++) 
                   4758:     fprintf(fichtm," p[%d] = %lf [%f ; %f]<br>\n",i,p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
                   4759:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.png\">");
                   4760:   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
                   4761: 
                   4762: fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</h4>\n <br>");
                   4763: 
                   4764:  fprintf(fichtm,"\nAge   l<inf>x</inf>     q<inf>x</inf> d(x,x+1)    L<inf>x</inf>     T<inf>x</inf>     e<infx</inf><br>");
                   4765: 
                   4766:  for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++) 
                   4767:    fprintf(fichtm,"%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf<br>\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
                   4768: 
                   4769:  
                   4770:   fflush(fichtm);
                   4771: }
                   4772: 
                   4773: /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
                   4774: void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
                   4775: 
                   4776:   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
                   4777:   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
                   4778:   int ng;
                   4779: 
                   4780: 
                   4781:   /*#ifdef windows */
                   4782:   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
                   4783:     /*#endif */
                   4784: 
                   4785: 
                   4786:   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
                   4787:   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
                   4788:   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.png\"\n "); 
                   4789:   fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\"\n set ylabel \"Force of mortality (per year)\" \n "); 
1.145     brouard  4790:   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter png small size 320, 240\n set log y\n"); 
                   4791:   /* fprintf(ficgp, "set size 0.65,0.65\n"); */
1.126     brouard  4792:   fprintf(ficgp,"plot [%d:100] %lf*exp(%lf*(x-%d))",agegomp,p[1],p[2],agegomp);
                   4793: 
                   4794: } 
                   4795: 
1.136     brouard  4796: int readdata(char datafile[], int firstobs, int lastobs, int *imax)
                   4797: {
1.126     brouard  4798: 
1.136     brouard  4799:   /*-------- data file ----------*/
                   4800:   FILE *fic;
                   4801:   char dummy[]="                         ";
                   4802:   int i, j, n;
                   4803:   int linei, month, year,iout;
                   4804:   char line[MAXLINE], linetmp[MAXLINE];
                   4805:   char stra[80], strb[80];
                   4806:   char *stratrunc;
                   4807:   int lstra;
1.126     brouard  4808: 
                   4809: 
1.136     brouard  4810:   if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
                   4811:     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
                   4812:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
                   4813:   }
1.126     brouard  4814: 
1.136     brouard  4815:   i=1;
                   4816:   linei=0;
                   4817:   while ((fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL) &&((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs))) {
                   4818:     linei=linei+1;
                   4819:     for(j=strlen(line); j>=0;j--){  /* Untabifies line */
                   4820:       if(line[j] == '\t')
                   4821:        line[j] = ' ';
                   4822:     }
                   4823:     for(j=strlen(line)-1; (line[j]==' ')||(line[j]==10)||(line[j]==13);j--){
                   4824:       ;
                   4825:     };
                   4826:     line[j+1]=0;  /* Trims blanks at end of line */
                   4827:     if(line[0]=='#'){
                   4828:       fprintf(ficlog,"Comment line\n%s\n",line);
                   4829:       printf("Comment line\n%s\n",line);
                   4830:       continue;
                   4831:     }
                   4832:     trimbb(linetmp,line); /* Trims multiple blanks in line */
                   4833:     for (j=0; line[j]!='\0';j++){
                   4834:       line[j]=linetmp[j];
                   4835:     }
                   4836:   
1.126     brouard  4837: 
1.136     brouard  4838:     for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
1.137     brouard  4839:       cutv(stra, strb, line, ' '); 
1.136     brouard  4840:       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
                   4841:        lval=-1;
                   4842:       }else{
                   4843:        errno=0;
                   4844:        lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10); 
                   4845:       /*       if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
                   4846:        if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
1.141     brouard  4847:          printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);
                   4848:          fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4849:          return 1;
                   4850:        }
                   4851:       }
                   4852:       s[j][i]=lval;
                   4853:       
                   4854:       strcpy(line,stra);
                   4855:       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
                   4856:       if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
                   4857:       }
1.145     brouard  4858:       else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
1.136     brouard  4859:        month=99;
                   4860:        year=9999;
                   4861:       }else{
1.141     brouard  4862:        printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);
                   4863:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4864:        return 1;
                   4865:       }
                   4866:       anint[j][i]= (double) year; 
                   4867:       mint[j][i]= (double)month; 
                   4868:       strcpy(line,stra);
                   4869:     } /* ENd Waves */
                   4870:     
                   4871:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
                   4872:     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
                   4873:     }
                   4874:     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
                   4875:       month=99;
                   4876:       year=9999;
                   4877:     }else{
1.141     brouard  4878:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
                   4879:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4880:        return 1;
                   4881:     }
                   4882:     andc[i]=(double) year; 
                   4883:     moisdc[i]=(double) month; 
                   4884:     strcpy(line,stra);
                   4885:     
                   4886:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
                   4887:     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
                   4888:     }
1.145     brouard  4889:     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.", dummy) != 0){
1.136     brouard  4890:       month=99;
                   4891:       year=9999;
                   4892:     }else{
1.141     brouard  4893:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
                   4894:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4895:        return 1;
                   4896:     }
                   4897:     if (year==9999) {
1.141     brouard  4898:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
                   4899:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given. Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4900:        return 1;
1.126     brouard  4901: 
1.136     brouard  4902:     }
                   4903:     annais[i]=(double)(year);
                   4904:     moisnais[i]=(double)(month); 
                   4905:     strcpy(line,stra);
                   4906:     
                   4907:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
                   4908:     errno=0;
                   4909:     dval=strtod(strb,&endptr); 
                   4910:     if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
1.141     brouard  4911:       printf("Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
                   4912:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
1.136     brouard  4913:       fflush(ficlog);
                   4914:       return 1;
                   4915:     }
                   4916:     weight[i]=dval; 
                   4917:     strcpy(line,stra);
                   4918:     
                   4919:     for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
                   4920:       cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
                   4921:       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
                   4922:        lval=-1;
                   4923:       }else{
                   4924:        errno=0;
                   4925:        lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10); 
                   4926:        if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
1.141     brouard  4927:          printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);
                   4928:          fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  4929:          return 1;
                   4930:        }
                   4931:       }
                   4932:       if(lval <-1 || lval >1){
1.141     brouard  4933:        printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
1.136     brouard  4934:  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
                   4935:  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
                   4936:  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
                   4937:  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
                   4938:         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
                   4939:  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
                   4940:  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
                   4941:  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
1.141     brouard  4942:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
1.136     brouard  4943:  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
                   4944:  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
                   4945:  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
                   4946:  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
                   4947:         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
                   4948:  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
                   4949:  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
                   4950:  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);fflush(ficlog);
                   4951:        return 1;
                   4952:       }
                   4953:       covar[j][i]=(double)(lval);
                   4954:       strcpy(line,stra);
                   4955:     }  
                   4956:     lstra=strlen(stra);
                   4957:      
                   4958:     if(lstra > 9){ /* More than 2**32 or max of what printf can write with %ld */
                   4959:       stratrunc = &(stra[lstra-9]);
                   4960:       num[i]=atol(stratrunc);
                   4961:     }
                   4962:     else
                   4963:       num[i]=atol(stra);
                   4964:     /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){
                   4965:       printf("%ld %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/
                   4966:     
                   4967:     i=i+1;
                   4968:   } /* End loop reading  data */
1.126     brouard  4969: 
1.136     brouard  4970:   *imax=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
                   4971:   fclose(fic);
                   4972:  
                   4973:   return (0);
                   4974:   endread:
                   4975:     printf("Exiting readdata: ");
                   4976:     fclose(fic);
                   4977:     return (1);
1.126     brouard  4978: 
                   4979: 
                   4980: 
1.136     brouard  4981: }
1.145     brouard  4982: void removespace(char *str) {
                   4983:   char *p1 = str, *p2 = str;
                   4984:   do
                   4985:     while (*p2 == ' ')
                   4986:       p2++;
                   4987:   while (*p1++ = *p2++);
                   4988: }
                   4989: 
                   4990: int decodemodel ( char model[], int lastobs) /**< This routine decode the model and returns:
                   4991:    * Model  V1+V2+V3+V8+V7*V8+V5*V6+V8*age+V3*age
                   4992:    * - cptcovt total number of covariates of the model nbocc(+)+1 = 8
                   4993:    * - cptcovn or number of covariates k of the models excluding age*products =6
                   4994:    * - cptcovage number of covariates with age*products =2
                   4995:    * - cptcovs number of simple covariates
                   4996:    * - Tvar[k] is the id of the kth covariate Tvar[1]@12 {1, 2, 3, 8, 10, 11, 8, 3, 7, 8, 5, 6}, thus Tvar[5=V7*V8]=10
                   4997:    *     which is a new column after the 9 (ncovcol) variables. 
                   4998:    * - if k is a product Vn*Vm covar[k][i] is filled with correct values for each individual
                   4999:    * - Tprod[l] gives the kth covariates of the product Vn*Vm l=1 to cptcovprod-cptcovage
                   5000:    *    Tprod[1]@2 {5, 6}: position of first product V7*V8 is 5, and second V5*V6 is 6.
                   5001:    * - Tvard[k]  p Tvard[1][1]@4 {7, 8, 5, 6} for V7*V8 and V5*V6 .
                   5002:  */
1.136     brouard  5003: {
1.145     brouard  5004:   int i, j, k, ks;
1.136     brouard  5005:   int i1, j1, k1, k2;
                   5006:   char modelsav[80];
1.145     brouard  5007:   char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80];
1.136     brouard  5008: 
1.145     brouard  5009:   /*removespace(model);*/
1.136     brouard  5010:   if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
1.145     brouard  5011:     j=0, j1=0, k1=0, k2=-1, ks=0, cptcovn=0;
                   5012:     j=nbocc(model,'+'); /**< j=Number of '+' */
                   5013:     j1=nbocc(model,'*'); /**< j1=Number of '*' */
                   5014:     cptcovs=j+1-j1; /**<  Number of simple covariates V1+V2*age+V3 +V3*V4=> V1 + V3 =2  */
                   5015:     cptcovt= j+1; /* Number of total covariates in the model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4=> 4*/
                   5016:                   /* including age products which are counted in cptcovage.
                   5017:                  /* but the covariates which are products must be treated separately: ncovn=4- 2=2 (V1+V3). */
                   5018:     cptcovprod=j1; /**< Number of products  V1*V2 +v3*age = 2 */
                   5019:     cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age: V3*V4 =1  */
1.136     brouard  5020:     strcpy(modelsav,model); 
1.137     brouard  5021:     if (strstr(model,"AGE") !=0){
                   5022:       printf("Error. AGE must be in lower case 'age' model=%s ",model);
                   5023:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. AGE must be in lower case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
1.136     brouard  5024:       return 1;
                   5025:     }
1.141     brouard  5026:     if (strstr(model,"v") !=0){
                   5027:       printf("Error. 'v' must be in upper case 'V' model=%s ",model);
                   5028:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. 'v' must be in upper case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
                   5029:       return 1;
                   5030:     }
1.136     brouard  5031:     
1.145     brouard  5032:     /*   Design
                   5033:      *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9 Weight
                   5034:      *  <          ncovcol=8                >
                   5035:      * Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8
                   5036:      *   k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8
                   5037:      *  cptcovn number of covariates (not including constant and age ) = # of + plus 1 = 7+1=8
                   5038:      *  covar[k,i], value of kth covariate if not including age for individual i:
                   5039:      *       covar[1][i]= (V2), covar[4][i]=(V3), covar[8][i]=(V8)
                   5040:      *  Tvar[k] # of the kth covariate:  Tvar[1]=2  Tvar[4]=3 Tvar[8]=8
                   5041:      *       if multiplied by age: V3*age Tvar[3=V3*age]=3 (V3) Tvar[7]=8 and 
                   5042:      *  Tage[++cptcovage]=k
                   5043:      *       if products, new covar are created after ncovcol with k1
                   5044:      *  Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; # of the kth covariate product:  Tvar[5]=ncovcol+1=10  Tvar[6]=ncovcol+1=11
                   5045:      *  Tprod[k1]=k; Tprod[1]=5 Tprod[2]= 6; gives the position of the k1th product
                   5046:      *  Tvard[k1][1]=m Tvard[k1][2]=m; Tvard[1][1]=5 (V5) Tvard[1][2]=6 Tvard[2][1]=7 (V7) Tvard[2][2]=8
                   5047:      *  Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];
                   5048:      *  Tvar[8+1]=5;Tvar[8+2]=6;Tvar[8+3]=7;Tvar[8+4]=8 inverted
                   5049:      *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9  V10  V11
                   5050:      *  <          ncovcol=8                >
                   5051:      *       Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8    d1   d1   d2  d2
                   5052:      *          k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8    9   10   11  12
                   5053:      *     Tvar[k]= 2    1      3       3    10      11      8        8    5    6    7   8
                   5054:      * p Tvar[1]@12={2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
                   5055:      * p Tprod[1]@2={                         6, 5}
                   5056:      *p Tvard[1][1]@4= {7, 8, 5, 6}
                   5057:      * covar[k][i]= V2   V1      ?      V3    V5*V6?   V7*V8?  ?       V8   
                   5058:      *  cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
                   5059:      *How to reorganize?
                   5060:      * Model V1 + V2 + V3 + V8 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V3*age + V8*age
                   5061:      * Tvars {2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
                   5062:      *       {2,   1,     4,      8,    5,      6,     3,       7}
                   5063:      * Struct []
                   5064:      */
                   5065: 
1.136     brouard  5066:     /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
                   5067:     /* j is the number of + signs in the model V1+V2+V3 j=2 i=3 to 1 */
1.137     brouard  5068:     /*   modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4  */
                   5069:     /*         k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tage[cptcovage=1]=4 */
                   5070:     /*         k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4) */
                   5071:     /*         k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1) */
                   5072:     /*         k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2) */
                   5073:     /*         k=5 Tvar[5] */
                   5074:     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
                   5075:     /*         cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]]; */
                   5076:     /*         } */
                   5077:     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
1.145     brouard  5078:     /*
                   5079:      * Treating invertedly V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is as if written V2*V4 +V3*age + V1 + V2 */
                   5080:     for(k=cptcovt; k>=1;k--) /**< Number of covariates */
                   5081:         Tvar[k]=0;
                   5082:     cptcovage=0;
                   5083:     for(k=1; k<=cptcovt;k++){ /* Loop on total covariates of the model */
                   5084:       cutl(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the first '+' 
                   5085:                                     modelsav==V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age stra=V2+V1+V4 */ 
1.137     brouard  5086:       if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
1.136     brouard  5087:       /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
                   5088:       /*scanf("%d",i);*/
1.145     brouard  5089:       if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /**< Model includes a product V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age */
                   5090:        cutl(strc,strd,strb,'*'); /**< strd*strc  Vm*Vn: strb=V3*age(input) strc=age strd=V3 ; V3*V2 strc=V2, strd=V3 */
                   5091:        if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /**< Model includes age: Vn*age */
                   5092:          /* covar is not filled and then is empty */
1.136     brouard  5093:          cptcovprod--;
1.145     brouard  5094:          cutl(stre,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd=V3(input): stre="3" */
                   5095:          Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);  /* V2+V1+V4+V3*age Tvar[4]=3 ; V1+V2*age Tvar[2]=2 */
1.136     brouard  5096:          cptcovage++; /* Sums the number of covariates which include age as a product */
1.137     brouard  5097:          Tage[cptcovage]=k;  /* Tage[1] = 4 */
1.136     brouard  5098:          /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
1.137     brouard  5099:        } else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
1.136     brouard  5100:          cptcovprod--;
1.145     brouard  5101:          cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V');
1.136     brouard  5102:          Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);
                   5103:          cptcovage++;
                   5104:          Tage[cptcovage]=k;
1.137     brouard  5105:        } else {  /* Age is not in the model product V2+V1+V1*V4+V3*age+V3*V2  strb=V3*V2*/
                   5106:          /* loops on k1=1 (V3*V2) and k1=2 V4*V3 */
1.145     brouard  5107:          cptcovn++;
                   5108:          cptcovprodnoage++;k1++;
                   5109:          cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n; strb=V3*V2 stre=3 strc=*/
                   5110:          Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
1.137     brouard  5111:                                  because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
                   5112:                                  ncovcol + k1
                   5113:                                  If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2
                   5114:                                  Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 Tvar[5=V3*V2]=4 + 2= 6, etc */
1.145     brouard  5115:          cutl(strc,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
1.137     brouard  5116:          Tprod[k1]=k;  /* Tprod[1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2  */
1.145     brouard  5117:          Tvard[k1][1] =atoi(strc); /* m 1 for V1*/
                   5118:          Tvard[k1][2] =atoi(stre); /* n 4 for V4*/
                   5119:          k2=k2+2;
                   5120:          Tvar[cptcovt+k2]=Tvard[k1][1]; /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+k2=1)=5]= 1 (V1) */
                   5121:          Tvar[cptcovt+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];  /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+(k2=1)+1)=6]= 4 (V4) */
1.137     brouard  5122:          for (i=1; i<=lastobs;i++){
                   5123:            /* Computes the new covariate which is a product of
1.145     brouard  5124:               covar[n][i]* covar[m][i] and stores it at ncovol+k1 May not be defined */
1.136     brouard  5125:            covar[ncovcol+k1][i]=covar[atoi(stre)][i]*covar[atoi(strc)][i];
1.137     brouard  5126:          }
                   5127:        } /* End age is not in the model */
                   5128:       } /* End if model includes a product */
1.136     brouard  5129:       else { /* no more sum */
                   5130:        /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
                   5131:        /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
1.145     brouard  5132:        cutl(strd,strc,strb,'V');
                   5133:        ks++; /**< Number of simple covariates */
                   5134:        cptcovn++;
                   5135:        Tvar[k]=atoi(strd);
1.136     brouard  5136:       }
1.137     brouard  5137:       strcpy(modelsav,stra);  /* modelsav=V2+V1+V4 stra=V2+V1+V4 */ 
1.136     brouard  5138:       /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
                   5139:        scanf("%d",i);*/
                   5140:     } /* end of loop + */
                   5141:   } /* end model */
                   5142:   
                   5143:   /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
                   5144:     If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
                   5145: 
                   5146:   /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
                   5147:   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
                   5148:   fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
                   5149: 
                   5150:   scanf("%d ",i);*/
                   5151: 
                   5152: 
1.137     brouard  5153:   return (0); /* with covar[new additional covariate if product] and Tage if age */ 
1.136     brouard  5154:   endread:
                   5155:     printf("Exiting decodemodel: ");
                   5156:     return (1);
                   5157: }
                   5158: 
                   5159: calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, double *agemin, double *agemax, int *nberr, int *nbwarn )
                   5160: {
                   5161:   int i, m;
                   5162: 
                   5163:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
                   5164:     for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
                   5165:       if (((int)mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
                   5166:        anint[m][i]=9999;
                   5167:        s[m][i]=-1;
                   5168:       }
                   5169:       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]==9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
                   5170:        *nberr++;
                   5171:        printf("Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
                   5172:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
                   5173:        s[m][i]=-1;
                   5174:       }
                   5175:       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
                   5176:        *nberr++;
                   5177:        printf("Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %2d, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i]); 
                   5178:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %f, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,moisdc[i]); 
                   5179:        s[m][i]=-1; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
                   5180:       }
                   5181:     }
                   5182:   }
                   5183: 
                   5184:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
                   5185:     agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
                   5186:     for(m=firstpass; (m<= lastpass); m++){
                   5187:       if(s[m][i] >0 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){
                   5188:        if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
                   5189:          if(agedc[i]>0)
                   5190:            if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999)
                   5191:              agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
                   5192:          /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
                   5193:            else {
                   5194:              if ((int)andc[i]!=9999){
                   5195:                nbwarn++;
                   5196:                printf("Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
                   5197:                fprintf(ficlog,"Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
                   5198:                agev[m][i]=-1;
                   5199:              }
                   5200:            }
                   5201:        }
                   5202:        else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Standard case, age in fractional
                   5203:                                 years but with the precision of a month */
                   5204:          agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
                   5205:          if((int)mint[m][i]==99 || (int)anint[m][i]==9999)
                   5206:            agev[m][i]=1;
                   5207:          else if(agev[m][i] < *agemin){ 
                   5208:            *agemin=agev[m][i];
                   5209:            printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemin);
                   5210:          }
                   5211:          else if(agev[m][i] >*agemax){
                   5212:            *agemax=agev[m][i];
1.156     brouard  5213:            /* printf(" Max anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemax);*/
1.136     brouard  5214:          }
                   5215:          /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
                   5216:          /*     agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
                   5217:        }
                   5218:        else { /* =9 */
                   5219:          agev[m][i]=1;
                   5220:          s[m][i]=-1;
                   5221:        }
                   5222:       }
                   5223:       else /*= 0 Unknown */
                   5224:        agev[m][i]=1;
                   5225:     }
                   5226:     
                   5227:   }
                   5228:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
                   5229:     for(m=firstpass; (m<=lastpass); m++){
                   5230:       if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
                   5231:        *nberr++;
                   5232:        printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);     
                   5233:        fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);     
                   5234:        return 1;
                   5235:       }
                   5236:     }
                   5237:   }
                   5238: 
                   5239:   /*for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
                   5240:   for (m=firstpass; (m<lastpass); m++){
                   5241:      printf("%ld %d %.lf %d %d\n", num[i],(covar[1][i]),agev[m][i],s[m][i],s[m+1][i]);
                   5242: }
                   5243: 
                   5244: }*/
                   5245: 
                   5246: 
1.139     brouard  5247:   printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax);
                   5248:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax); 
1.136     brouard  5249: 
                   5250:   return (0);
                   5251:   endread:
                   5252:     printf("Exiting calandcheckages: ");
                   5253:     return (1);
                   5254: }
                   5255: 
                   5256: 
                   5257: /***********************************************/
                   5258: /**************** Main Program *****************/
                   5259: /***********************************************/
                   5260: 
                   5261: int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                   5262: {
                   5263: #ifdef GSL
                   5264:   const gsl_multimin_fminimizer_type *T;
                   5265:   size_t iteri = 0, it;
                   5266:   int rval = GSL_CONTINUE;
                   5267:   int status = GSL_SUCCESS;
                   5268:   double ssval;
                   5269: #endif
                   5270:   int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
                   5271:   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size=100,cptcode, cptcod;
                   5272:   int linei, month, year,iout;
                   5273:   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk, imk;
                   5274:   int numlinepar=0; /* Current linenumber of parameter file */
                   5275:   int itimes;
                   5276:   int NDIM=2;
                   5277:   int vpopbased=0;
                   5278: 
                   5279:   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
                   5280:   /*  FILE *fichtm; *//* Html File */
                   5281:   /* FILE *ficgp;*/ /*Gnuplot File */
                   5282:   struct stat info;
                   5283:   double agedeb, agefin,hf;
                   5284:   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
                   5285: 
                   5286:   double fret;
                   5287:   double **xi,tmp,delta;
                   5288: 
                   5289:   double dum; /* Dummy variable */
                   5290:   double ***p3mat;
                   5291:   double ***mobaverage;
                   5292:   int *indx;
                   5293:   char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];
                   5294:   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE],model[MAXLINE];
                   5295:   char pathr[MAXLINE], pathimach[MAXLINE]; 
                   5296:   char **bp, *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
                   5297:   int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
                   5298:   int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */
                   5299:   int c,  h , cpt,l;
                   5300:   int ju,jl, mi;
                   5301:   int i1,j1, jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;
                   5302:   int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,*tab; 
                   5303:   int mobilavproj=0 , prevfcast=0 ; /* moving average of prev, If prevfcast=1 prevalence projection */
                   5304:   int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
                   5305:   int hstepm, nhstepm;
                   5306:   int agemortsup;
                   5307:   float  sumlpop=0.;
                   5308:   double jprev1=1, mprev1=1,anprev1=2000,jprev2=1, mprev2=1,anprev2=2000;
                   5309:   double jpyram=1, mpyram=1,anpyram=2000,jpyram1=1, mpyram1=1,anpyram1=2000;
                   5310: 
                   5311:   double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;
                   5312:   double ftolpl=FTOL;
                   5313:   double **prlim;
                   5314:   double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
                   5315:   double  *p;
                   5316:   double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
                   5317:   double ***delti3; /* Scale */
                   5318:   double *delti; /* Scale */
                   5319:   double ***eij, ***vareij;
                   5320:   double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
                   5321:   double *epj, vepp;
                   5322:   double kk1, kk2;
                   5323:   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000;
                   5324:   double **ximort;
1.145     brouard  5325:   char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4]="1234";
1.136     brouard  5326:   int *dcwave;
                   5327: 
                   5328:   char z[1]="c", occ;
                   5329: 
                   5330:   /*char  *strt;*/
                   5331:   char strtend[80];
1.126     brouard  5332: 
                   5333:   long total_usecs;
                   5334:  
                   5335: /*   setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); */
                   5336: /*   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); */
                   5337: /*   textdomain (PACKAGE); */
                   5338: /*   setlocale (LC_CTYPE, ""); */
                   5339: /*   setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, ""); */
                   5340: 
                   5341:   /*   gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */
1.157     brouard  5342:   rstart_time = time(NULL);  
                   5343:   /*  (void) gettimeofday(&start_time,&tzp);*/
                   5344:   start_time = *localtime(&rstart_time);
1.126     brouard  5345:   curr_time=start_time;
1.157     brouard  5346:   /*tml = *localtime(&start_time.tm_sec);*/
                   5347:   /* strcpy(strstart,asctime(&tml)); */
                   5348:   strcpy(strstart,asctime(&start_time));
1.126     brouard  5349: 
                   5350: /*  printf("Localtime (at start)=%s",strstart); */
1.157     brouard  5351: /*  tp.tm_sec = tp.tm_sec +86400; */
                   5352: /*  tm = *localtime(&start_time.tm_sec); */
1.126     brouard  5353: /*   tmg.tm_year=tmg.tm_year +dsign*dyear; */
                   5354: /*   tmg.tm_mon=tmg.tm_mon +dsign*dmonth; */
                   5355: /*   tmg.tm_hour=tmg.tm_hour + 1; */
1.157     brouard  5356: /*   tp.tm_sec = mktime(&tmg); */
1.126     brouard  5357: /*   strt=asctime(&tmg); */
                   5358: /*   printf("Time(after) =%s",strstart);  */
                   5359: /*  (void) time (&time_value);
                   5360: *  printf("time=%d,t-=%d\n",time_value,time_value-86400);
                   5361: *  tm = *localtime(&time_value);
                   5362: *  strstart=asctime(&tm);
                   5363: *  printf("tim_value=%d,asctime=%s\n",time_value,strstart); 
                   5364: */
                   5365: 
                   5366:   nberr=0; /* Number of errors and warnings */
                   5367:   nbwarn=0;
                   5368:   getcwd(pathcd, size);
                   5369: 
                   5370:   printf("\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
                   5371:   if(argc <=1){
                   5372:     printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
                   5373:     fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin);
                   5374:     i=strlen(pathr);
                   5375:     if(pathr[i-1]=='\n')
                   5376:       pathr[i-1]='\0';
1.156     brouard  5377:     i=strlen(pathr);
                   5378:     if(pathr[i-1]==' ') /* This may happen when dragging on oS/X! */
                   5379:       pathr[i-1]='\0';
1.126     brouard  5380:    for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
                   5381:       printf("Pathr |%s|\n",pathr);
                   5382:       while ((val = strsep(&tok, "\"" )) != NULL && *val == '\0');
                   5383:       printf("val= |%s| pathr=%s\n",val,pathr);
                   5384:       strcpy (pathtot, val);
                   5385:       if(pathr[0] == '\0') break; /* Dirty */
                   5386:     }
                   5387:   }
                   5388:   else{
                   5389:     strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);
                   5390:   }
                   5391:   /*if(getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/
                   5392:   /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);
                   5393:     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/
                   5394:   /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/
                   5395: 
                   5396:   /* Split argv[0], imach program to get pathimach */
                   5397:   printf("\nargv[0]=%s argv[1]=%s, \n",argv[0],argv[1]);
                   5398:   split(argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
                   5399:   printf("\nargv[0]=%s pathimach=%s, \noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
                   5400:  /*   strcpy(pathimach,argv[0]); */
                   5401:   /* Split argv[1]=pathtot, parameter file name to get path, optionfile, extension and name */
                   5402:   split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
                   5403:   printf("\npathtot=%s,\npath=%s,\noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
                   5404:   chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
                   5405:   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
                   5406:     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
                   5407:   strcpy(command,"mkdir ");
                   5408:   strcat(command,optionfilefiname);
                   5409:   if((outcmd=system(command)) != 0){
                   5410:     printf("Problem creating directory or it already exists %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
                   5411:     /* fprintf(ficlog,"Problem creating directory %s%s\n",path,optionfilefiname); */
                   5412:     /* fclose(ficlog); */
                   5413: /*     exit(1); */
                   5414:   }
                   5415: /*   if((imk=mkdir(optionfilefiname))<0){ */
                   5416: /*     perror("mkdir"); */
                   5417: /*   } */
                   5418: 
                   5419:   /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
                   5420: 
                   5421:   /* Log file */
                   5422:   strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
                   5423:   strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
                   5424:   if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
                   5425:     printf("Problem with logfile %s\n",filelog);
                   5426:     goto end;
                   5427:   }
                   5428:   fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
                   5429:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
                   5430:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: \n");
                   5431:   fprintf(ficlog,"pathimach=%s\npathtot=%s\n\
                   5432:  path=%s \n\
                   5433:  optionfile=%s\n\
                   5434:  optionfilext=%s\n\
1.156     brouard  5435:  optionfilefiname='%s'\n",pathimach,pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
1.126     brouard  5436: 
                   5437:   printf("Local time (at start):%s",strstart);
                   5438:   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time (at start): %s",strstart);
                   5439:   fflush(ficlog);
                   5440: /*   (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
1.157     brouard  5441: /*   printf("Elapsed time %d\n", asc_diff_time(curr_time.tm_sec-start_time.tm_sec,tmpout)); */
1.126     brouard  5442: 
                   5443:   /* */
                   5444:   strcpy(fileres,"r");
                   5445:   strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
                   5446:   strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
                   5447: 
                   5448:   /*---------arguments file --------*/
                   5449: 
                   5450:   if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
1.155     brouard  5451:     printf("Problem with optionfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",optionfile,strerror(errno));
                   5452:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with optionfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",optionfile,strerror(errno));
1.126     brouard  5453:     fflush(ficlog);
1.149     brouard  5454:     /* goto end; */
                   5455:     exit(70); 
1.126     brouard  5456:   }
                   5457: 
                   5458: 
                   5459: 
                   5460:   strcpy(filereso,"o");
                   5461:   strcat(filereso,fileres);
                   5462:   if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) { /* opened on subdirectory */
                   5463:     printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
                   5464:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
                   5465:     fflush(ficlog);
                   5466:     goto end;
                   5467:   }
                   5468: 
                   5469:   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
                   5470:   numlinepar=0;
                   5471:   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   5472:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5473:     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
                   5474:     numlinepar++;
1.141     brouard  5475:     fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  5476:     fputs(line,ficparo);
                   5477:     fputs(line,ficlog);
                   5478:   }
                   5479:   ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5480: 
                   5481:   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
                   5482:   numlinepar++;
                   5483:   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
                   5484:   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
                   5485:   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
                   5486:   fflush(ficlog);
                   5487:   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   5488:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5489:     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
                   5490:     numlinepar++;
1.141     brouard  5491:     fputs(line, stdout);
                   5492:     //puts(line);
1.126     brouard  5493:     fputs(line,ficparo);
                   5494:     fputs(line,ficlog);
                   5495:   }
                   5496:   ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5497: 
                   5498:    
1.145     brouard  5499:   covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);  /**< used in readdata */
1.136     brouard  5500:   cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement plus one, indepently of n in Vn*/
                   5501:   /* v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes cptcovn = 5
                   5502:      v1+v2*age+v2*v3 makes cptcovn = 3
                   5503:   */
                   5504:   if (strlen(model)>1) 
1.145     brouard  5505:     ncovmodel=2+nbocc(model,'+')+1; /*Number of variables including intercept and age = cptcovn + intercept + age : v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes 5+2=7*/
                   5506:   else
                   5507:     ncovmodel=2;
1.126     brouard  5508:   nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */
1.133     brouard  5509:   nforce= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate; /* Number of forces ij from state i to j */
                   5510:   npar= nforce*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters like aij*/
1.131     brouard  5511:   if(npar >MAXPARM || nlstate >NLSTATEMAX || ndeath >NDEATHMAX || ncovmodel>NCOVMAX){
                   5512:     printf("Too complex model for current IMaCh: npar=(nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel=%d >= %d(MAXPARM) or nlstate=%d >= %d(NLSTATEMAX) or ndeath=%d >= %d(NDEATHMAX) or ncovmodel=(k+age+#of+signs)=%d(NCOVMAX) >= %d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
                   5513:     fprintf(ficlog,"Too complex model for current IMaCh: %d >=%d(MAXPARM) or %d >=%d(NLSTATEMAX) or %d >=%d(NDEATHMAX) or %d(NCOVMAX) >=%d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
                   5514:     fflush(stdout);
                   5515:     fclose (ficlog);
                   5516:     goto end;
                   5517:   }
1.126     brouard  5518:   delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
                   5519:   delti=delti3[1][1];
                   5520:   /*delti=vector(1,npar); *//* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov)*/
                   5521:   if(mle==-1){ /* Print a wizard for help writing covariance matrix */
                   5522:     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
                   5523:     printf(" You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
                   5524:     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
                   5525:     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); 
                   5526:     fclose (ficparo);
                   5527:     fclose (ficlog);
                   5528:     goto end;
                   5529:     exit(0);
                   5530:   }
                   5531:   else if(mle==-3) {
                   5532:     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
                   5533:     printf(" You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
                   5534:     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
                   5535:     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
                   5536:     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
                   5537:   }
                   5538:   else{
1.145     brouard  5539:     /* Read guessed parameters */
1.126     brouard  5540:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
                   5541:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   5542:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5543:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
                   5544:       numlinepar++;
1.141     brouard  5545:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  5546:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   5547:       fputs(line,ficlog);
                   5548:     }
                   5549:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5550:     
                   5551:     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
                   5552:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   5553:       j=0;
                   5554:       for(jj=1; jj <=nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
                   5555:        if(jj==i) continue;
                   5556:        j++;
                   5557:        fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
                   5558:        if ((i1 != i) && (j1 != j)){
                   5559:          printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n \
                   5560: It might be a problem of design; if ncovcol and the model are correct\n \
                   5561: run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
                   5562:          exit(1);
                   5563:        }
                   5564:        fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
                   5565:        if(mle==1)
                   5566:          printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
                   5567:        fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
                   5568:        for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   5569:          fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
                   5570:          if(mle==1){
                   5571:            printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);
                   5572:            fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
                   5573:          }
                   5574:          else
                   5575:            fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
                   5576:          fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
                   5577:        }
                   5578:        fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
                   5579:        numlinepar++;
                   5580:        if(mle==1)
                   5581:          printf("\n");
                   5582:        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   5583:        fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   5584:       }
                   5585:     }  
                   5586:     fflush(ficlog);
                   5587: 
1.145     brouard  5588:     /* Reads scales values */
1.126     brouard  5589:     p=param[1][1];
                   5590:     
                   5591:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
                   5592:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   5593:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5594:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
                   5595:       numlinepar++;
1.141     brouard  5596:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  5597:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   5598:       fputs(line,ficlog);
                   5599:     }
                   5600:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5601: 
                   5602:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   5603:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
                   5604:        fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
                   5605:        if ((i1-i)*(j1-j)!=0){
                   5606:          printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
                   5607:          exit(1);
                   5608:        }
                   5609:        printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
                   5610:        fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
                   5611:        fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
                   5612:        for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   5613:          fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);
                   5614:          printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
                   5615:          fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
                   5616:          fprintf(ficlog," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
                   5617:        }
                   5618:        fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
                   5619:        numlinepar++;
                   5620:        printf("\n");
                   5621:        fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   5622:        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   5623:       }
                   5624:     }
                   5625:     fflush(ficlog);
                   5626: 
1.145     brouard  5627:     /* Reads covariance matrix */
1.126     brouard  5628:     delti=delti3[1][1];
                   5629: 
                   5630: 
                   5631:     /* free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); */ /* Hasn't to to freed here otherwise delti is no more allocated */
                   5632:   
                   5633:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
                   5634:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   5635:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5636:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
                   5637:       numlinepar++;
1.141     brouard  5638:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  5639:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   5640:       fputs(line,ficlog);
                   5641:     }
                   5642:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   5643:   
                   5644:     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
1.131     brouard  5645:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
                   5646:       for(j=1; j <=npar; j++) matcov[i][j]=0.;
                   5647:       
1.126     brouard  5648:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
1.145     brouard  5649:       fscanf(ficpar,"%s",str);
1.126     brouard  5650:       if(mle==1)
                   5651:        printf("%s",str);
                   5652:       fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
                   5653:       fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
                   5654:       for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
                   5655:        fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
                   5656:        if(mle==1){
                   5657:          printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
                   5658:        }
                   5659:        fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
                   5660:        fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
                   5661:       }
                   5662:       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
                   5663:       numlinepar++;
                   5664:       if(mle==1)
                   5665:        printf("\n");
                   5666:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   5667:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
                   5668:     }
                   5669:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
                   5670:       for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
                   5671:        matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
                   5672:     
                   5673:     if(mle==1)
                   5674:       printf("\n");
                   5675:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   5676:     
                   5677:     fflush(ficlog);
                   5678:     
                   5679:     /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
                   5680:     strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
                   5681:     strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
                   5682:     strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
                   5683:     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
                   5684:     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
                   5685:       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
                   5686:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
                   5687:     }
                   5688:     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
                   5689:   }    /* End of mle != -3 */
                   5690: 
                   5691: 
                   5692:   n= lastobs;
                   5693:   num=lvector(1,n);
                   5694:   moisnais=vector(1,n);
                   5695:   annais=vector(1,n);
                   5696:   moisdc=vector(1,n);
                   5697:   andc=vector(1,n);
                   5698:   agedc=vector(1,n);
                   5699:   cod=ivector(1,n);
                   5700:   weight=vector(1,n);
                   5701:   for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
                   5702:   mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
                   5703:   anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
1.131     brouard  5704:   s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n); /* s[i][j] health state for wave i and individual j */ 
1.126     brouard  5705:   tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
1.144     brouard  5706:   ncodemax=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Number of code per covariate; if O and 1 only, 2**ncov; V1+V2+V3+V4=>16 */
1.126     brouard  5707: 
1.136     brouard  5708:   /* Reads data from file datafile */
                   5709:   if (readdata(datafile, firstobs, lastobs, &imx)==1)
                   5710:     goto end;
                   5711: 
                   5712:   /* Calculation of the number of parameters from char model */
1.137     brouard  5713:     /*    modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4 
                   5714:        k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tag[cptcovage=1]=4
                   5715:        k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4)
                   5716:        k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1)
                   5717:        k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2)
                   5718:     */
                   5719:   Tvar=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Was 15 changed to NCOVMAX. */
                   5720:   /*  V2+V1+V4+age*V3 is a model with 4 covariates (3 plus signs). 
                   5721:       For each model-covariate stores the data-covariate id. Tvar[1]=2, Tvar[2]=1, Tvar[3]=4, 
                   5722:       Tvar[4=age*V3] is 3 and 'age' is recorded in Tage.
                   5723:   */
                   5724:   /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
                   5725:     because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
                   5726:     ncovcol + k1
                   5727:     If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
                   5728:     Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 etc */
1.145     brouard  5729:   Tprod=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the position of a product */
1.137     brouard  5730:   /* Tprod[k1=1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
                   5731:      if  V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2   TProd[k1=2]=5 (V3*V2)
                   5732:   */
1.145     brouard  5733:   Tvaraff=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Unclear */
                   5734:   Tvard=imatrix(1,NCOVMAX,1,2); /* n=Tvard[k1][1]  and m=Tvard[k1][2] gives the couple n,m of the k1 th product Vn*Vm
1.141     brouard  5735:                            * For V3*V2 (in V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2), V3*V2 position is 2nd. 
                   5736:                            * Tvard[k1=2][1]=3 (V3) Tvard[k1=2][2]=2(V2) */
1.145     brouard  5737:   Tage=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the covariate id of covariates associated with age: V2 + V1 + age*V4 + V3*age
1.137     brouard  5738:                         4 covariates (3 plus signs)
                   5739:                         Tage[1=V3*age]= 4; Tage[2=age*V4] = 3
                   5740:                      */  
1.136     brouard  5741: 
                   5742:   if(decodemodel(model, lastobs) == 1)
                   5743:     goto end;
                   5744: 
1.137     brouard  5745:   if((double)(lastobs-imx)/(double)imx > 1.10){
                   5746:     nbwarn++;
                   5747:     printf("Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx); 
                   5748:     fprintf(ficlog,"Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx); 
                   5749:   }
1.136     brouard  5750:     /*  if(mle==1){*/
1.137     brouard  5751:   if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights. We can have weights different from 1 but want no weight*/
                   5752:     for(i=1;i<=imx;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* changed to imx */
1.136     brouard  5753:   }
                   5754: 
                   5755:     /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/
                   5756:   agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);
                   5757: 
                   5758:   if(calandcheckages(imx, maxwav, &agemin, &agemax, &nberr, &nbwarn) == 1)
                   5759:     goto end;
                   5760: 
1.126     brouard  5761: 
1.136     brouard  5762:   agegomp=(int)agemin;
                   5763:   free_vector(moisnais,1,n);
                   5764:   free_vector(annais,1,n);
1.126     brouard  5765:   /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
                   5766:      free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
                   5767:   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
                   5768:   free_vector(andc,1,n);
1.145     brouard  5769:   /* */
                   5770:   
1.126     brouard  5771:   wav=ivector(1,imx);
                   5772:   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
                   5773:   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
                   5774:   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
                   5775:    
                   5776:   /* Concatenates waves */
                   5777:   concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
1.145     brouard  5778:   /* */
                   5779:  
1.126     brouard  5780:   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
                   5781: 
                   5782:   nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX); 
                   5783:   ncodemax[1]=1;
1.145     brouard  5784:   Ndum =ivector(-1,NCOVMAX);  
                   5785:   if (ncovmodel > 2)
                   5786:     tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx, Ndum); /**< Fills nbcode[Tvar[j]][l]; */
                   5787: 
                   5788:   codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) */
                   5789:   /*printf(" codtab[1,1],codtab[100,10]=%d,%d\n", codtab[1][1],codtab[100][10]);*/
                   5790:   h=0;
                   5791: 
                   5792: 
                   5793:   /*if (cptcovn > 0) */
1.126     brouard  5794:       
1.145     brouard  5795:  
1.126     brouard  5796:   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
                   5797:  
1.131     brouard  5798:   for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){ /* scans any effective covariate */
1.143     brouard  5799:     for(i=1; i <=pow(2,cptcoveff-k);i++){ /* i=1 to 8/1=8; i=1 to 8/2=4; i=1 to 8/8=1 */ 
                   5800:       for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){ /* For each modality of this covariate ncodemax=2*/
                   5801:        for(cpt=1; cpt <=pow(2,k-1); cpt++){  /* cpt=1 to 8/2**(3+1-1 or 3+1-3) =1 or 4 */ 
1.126     brouard  5802:          h++;
1.141     brouard  5803:          if (h>m) 
1.136     brouard  5804:            h=1;
1.144     brouard  5805:          /**< codtab(h,k)  k   = codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) + 1
1.143     brouard  5806:           *     h     1     2     3     4
                   5807:           *______________________________  
                   5808:           *     1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1
                   5809:           *     2     2     1     1     1
                   5810:           *     3 i=2 1     2     1     1
                   5811:           *     4     2     2     1     1
                   5812:           *     5 i=3 1 i=2 1     2     1
                   5813:           *     6     2     1     2     1
                   5814:           *     7 i=4 1     2     2     1
                   5815:           *     8     2     2     2     1
                   5816:           *     9 i=5 1 i=3 1 i=2 1     1
                   5817:           *    10     2     1     1     1
                   5818:           *    11 i=6 1     2     1     1
                   5819:           *    12     2     2     1     1
                   5820:           *    13 i=7 1 i=4 1     2     1    
                   5821:           *    14     2     1     2     1
                   5822:           *    15 i=8 1     2     2     1
                   5823:           *    16     2     2     2     1
                   5824:           */
1.141     brouard  5825:          codtab[h][k]=j;
1.145     brouard  5826:          /*codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;*/
1.130     brouard  5827:          printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d Tvar[k]=%d codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k],codtab[h][Tvar[k]]);
1.126     brouard  5828:        } 
                   5829:       }
                   5830:     }
                   5831:   } 
                   5832:   /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]); 
                   5833:      codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
                   5834:   /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){ 
                   5835:      for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
1.131     brouard  5836:        printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
1.126     brouard  5837:      }
                   5838:      printf("\n");
                   5839:      }
                   5840:      scanf("%d",i);*/
1.145     brouard  5841: 
                   5842:  free_ivector(Ndum,-1,NCOVMAX);
                   5843: 
                   5844: 
1.126     brouard  5845:     
                   5846:   /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/
                   5847:   strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
                   5848:   if(mle==-3)
                   5849:     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-mort");
                   5850:   strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
                   5851: 
                   5852:   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
                   5853:     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
                   5854:   }
                   5855:   else{
                   5856:     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version); 
                   5857:     fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot); 
1.141     brouard  5858:     //fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
                   5859:     fprintf(ficgp,"set datafile missing 'NaNq'\n");
1.126     brouard  5860:   }
                   5861:   /*  fclose(ficgp);*/
                   5862:   /*--------- index.htm --------*/
                   5863: 
                   5864:   strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfilefiname); /* Main html file */
                   5865:   if(mle==-3)
                   5866:     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-mort");
                   5867:   strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
                   5868:   if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
1.131     brouard  5869:     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm);
                   5870:     exit(0);
1.126     brouard  5871:   }
                   5872: 
                   5873:   strcpy(optionfilehtmcov,optionfilefiname); /* Only for matrix of covariance */
                   5874:   strcat(optionfilehtmcov,"-cov.htm");
                   5875:   if((fichtmcov=fopen(optionfilehtmcov,"w"))==NULL)    {
                   5876:     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtmcov), exit(0);
                   5877:   }
                   5878:   else{
                   5879:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh Cov %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
                   5880: <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
                   5881: Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n",\
                   5882:          optionfilehtmcov,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
                   5883:   }
                   5884: 
                   5885:   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
                   5886: <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
                   5887: Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n\
                   5888: \n\
                   5889: <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">\
                   5890:  <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n\
                   5891:  - Parameter file: <a href=\"%s.%s\">%s.%s</a><br>\n\
                   5892:  - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n\
                   5893:  - Log file of the run: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
                   5894:  - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
                   5895:  - Date and time at start: %s</ul>\n",\
                   5896:          optionfilehtm,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model,\
                   5897:          optionfilefiname,optionfilext,optionfilefiname,optionfilext,\
                   5898:          fileres,fileres,\
                   5899:          filelog,filelog,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot,strstart);
                   5900:   fflush(fichtm);
                   5901: 
                   5902:   strcpy(pathr,path);
                   5903:   strcat(pathr,optionfilefiname);
                   5904:   chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
                   5905:   
                   5906:   /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
                   5907:      and prints on file fileres'p'. */
                   5908:   freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart);
                   5909: 
                   5910:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
                   5911:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
                   5912: Youngest age at first (selected) pass %.2f, oldest age %.2f<br>\n\
                   5913: Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n",\
                   5914:          imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
                   5915:   pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
                   5916:     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
                   5917:     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
                   5918:     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
                   5919:     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
                   5920:     
                   5921:    
                   5922:   /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
                   5923:      so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
                   5924:   p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
                   5925: 
                   5926:   globpr=0; /* To get the number ipmx of contributions and the sum of weights*/
                   5927: 
                   5928:   if (mle==-3){
1.136     brouard  5929:     ximort=matrix(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); 
                   5930: /*     ximort=gsl_matrix_alloc(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); */
1.126     brouard  5931:     cens=ivector(1,n);
                   5932:     ageexmed=vector(1,n);
                   5933:     agecens=vector(1,n);
                   5934:     dcwave=ivector(1,n);
                   5935:  
                   5936:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
                   5937:       dcwave[i]=-1;
                   5938:       for (m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++)
                   5939:        if (s[m][i]>nlstate) {
                   5940:          dcwave[i]=m;
                   5941:          /*    printf("i=%d j=%d s=%d dcwave=%d\n",i,j, s[j][i],dcwave[i]);*/
                   5942:          break;
                   5943:        }
                   5944:     }
                   5945: 
                   5946:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
                   5947:       if (wav[i]>0){
                   5948:        ageexmed[i]=agev[mw[1][i]][i];
                   5949:        j=wav[i];
                   5950:        agecens[i]=1.; 
                   5951: 
                   5952:        if (ageexmed[i]> 1 && wav[i] > 0){
                   5953:          agecens[i]=agev[mw[j][i]][i];
                   5954:          cens[i]= 1;
                   5955:        }else if (ageexmed[i]< 1) 
                   5956:          cens[i]= -1;
                   5957:        if (agedc[i]< AGESUP && agedc[i]>1 && dcwave[i]>firstpass && dcwave[i]<=lastpass)
                   5958:          cens[i]=0 ;
                   5959:       }
                   5960:       else cens[i]=-1;
                   5961:     }
                   5962:     
                   5963:     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) {
                   5964:       for (j=1;j<=NDIM;j++)
                   5965:        ximort[i][j]=(i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
                   5966:     }
                   5967:     
1.145     brouard  5968:     /*p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083;*/
1.126     brouard  5969:     /*printf("%lf %lf", p[1], p[2]);*/
                   5970:     
                   5971:     
1.136     brouard  5972: #ifdef GSL
                   5973:     printf("GSL optimization\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
                   5974: #elsedef
1.126     brouard  5975:     printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
1.136     brouard  5976: #endif
1.126     brouard  5977:     strcpy(filerespow,"pow-mort"); 
                   5978:     strcat(filerespow,fileres);
                   5979:     if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
                   5980:       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
                   5981:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
                   5982:     }
1.136     brouard  5983: #ifdef GSL
                   5984:     fprintf(ficrespow,"# GSL optimization\n# iter -2*LL");
                   5985: #elsedef
1.126     brouard  5986:     fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
1.136     brouard  5987: #endif
1.126     brouard  5988:     /*  for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
                   5989:        for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
                   5990:        if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
                   5991:     */
                   5992:     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
1.136     brouard  5993: #ifdef GSL
                   5994:     /* gsl starts here */ 
                   5995:     T = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_nmsimplex;
                   5996:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer *sfm = NULL;
                   5997:     gsl_vector *ss, *x;
                   5998:     gsl_multimin_function minex_func;
                   5999: 
                   6000:     /* Initial vertex size vector */
                   6001:     ss = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
                   6002:     
                   6003:     if (ss == NULL){
                   6004:       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for ss", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
                   6005:     }
                   6006:     /* Set all step sizes to 1 */
                   6007:     gsl_vector_set_all (ss, 0.001);
                   6008: 
                   6009:     /* Starting point */
1.126     brouard  6010:     
1.136     brouard  6011:     x = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
                   6012:     
                   6013:     if (x == NULL){
                   6014:       gsl_vector_free(ss);
                   6015:       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for x", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
                   6016:     }
                   6017:   
                   6018:     /* Initialize method and iterate */
                   6019:     /*     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083; */
                   6020: /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, 0.0268); */
                   6021: /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, 0.083); */
                   6022:     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, p[1]);
                   6023:     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, p[2]);
                   6024: 
                   6025:     minex_func.f = &gompertz_f;
                   6026:     minex_func.n = NDIM;
                   6027:     minex_func.params = (void *)&p; /* ??? */
                   6028:     
                   6029:     sfm = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_alloc (T, NDIM);
                   6030:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_set (sfm, &minex_func, x, ss);
                   6031:     
                   6032:     printf("Iterations beginning .....\n\n");
                   6033:     printf("Iter. #    Intercept       Slope     -Log Likelihood     Simplex size\n");
                   6034: 
                   6035:     iteri=0;
                   6036:     while (rval == GSL_CONTINUE){
                   6037:       iteri++;
                   6038:       status = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_iterate(sfm);
                   6039:       
                   6040:       if (status) printf("error: %s\n", gsl_strerror (status));
                   6041:       fflush(0);
                   6042:       
                   6043:       if (status) 
                   6044:         break;
                   6045:       
                   6046:       rval = gsl_multimin_test_size (gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm), 1e-6);
                   6047:       ssval = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm);
                   6048:       
                   6049:       if (rval == GSL_SUCCESS)
                   6050:         printf ("converged to a local maximum at\n");
                   6051:       
                   6052:       printf("%5d ", iteri);
                   6053:       for (it = 0; it < NDIM; it++){
                   6054:        printf ("%10.5f ", gsl_vector_get (sfm->x, it));
                   6055:       }
                   6056:       printf("f() = %-10.5f ssize = %.7f\n", sfm->fval, ssval);
                   6057:     }
                   6058:     
                   6059:     printf("\n\n Please note: Program should be run many times with varying starting points to detemine global maximum\n\n");
                   6060:     
                   6061:     gsl_vector_free(x); /* initial values */
                   6062:     gsl_vector_free(ss); /* inital step size */
                   6063:     for (it=0; it<NDIM; it++){
                   6064:       p[it+1]=gsl_vector_get(sfm->x,it);
                   6065:       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[it]);
                   6066:     }
                   6067:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_free (sfm); /* p *(sfm.x.data) et p *(sfm.x.data+1)  */
                   6068: #endif
                   6069: #ifdef POWELL
                   6070:      powell(p,ximort,NDIM,ftol,&iter,&fret,gompertz);
                   6071: #endif  
1.126     brouard  6072:     fclose(ficrespow);
                   6073:     
                   6074:     hesscov(matcov, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz); 
                   6075: 
                   6076:     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++)
                   6077:       for(j=i+1;j<=NDIM;j++)
                   6078:        matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
                   6079:     
                   6080:     printf("\nCovariance matrix\n ");
                   6081:     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++) {
                   6082:       for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++){ 
                   6083:        printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
                   6084:       }
                   6085:       printf("\n ");
                   6086:     }
                   6087:     
                   6088:     printf("iter=%d MLE=%f Eq=%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d))\n",iter,-gompertz(p),p[1],p[2],agegomp);
                   6089:     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) 
                   6090:       printf("%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
                   6091: 
                   6092:     lsurv=vector(1,AGESUP);
                   6093:     lpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
                   6094:     tpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
                   6095:     lsurv[agegomp]=100000;
                   6096:     
                   6097:     for (k=agegomp;k<=AGESUP;k++) {
                   6098:       agemortsup=k;
                   6099:       if (p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp))>1) break;
                   6100:     }
                   6101:     
                   6102:     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++)
                   6103:       lsurv[k+1]=lsurv[k]-lsurv[k]*(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)));
                   6104:     
                   6105:     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++){
                   6106:       lpop[k]=(lsurv[k]+lsurv[k+1])/2.;
                   6107:       sumlpop=sumlpop+lpop[k];
                   6108:     }
                   6109:     
                   6110:     tpop[agegomp]=sumlpop;
                   6111:     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-3);k++){
                   6112:       /*  tpop[k+1]=2;*/
                   6113:       tpop[k+1]=tpop[k]-lpop[k];
                   6114:     }
                   6115:     
                   6116:     
                   6117:     printf("\nAge   lx     qx    dx    Lx     Tx     e(x)\n");
                   6118:     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++) 
                   6119:       printf("%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
                   6120:     
                   6121:     
                   6122:     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
                   6123:     printinggnuplotmort(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
                   6124:     
                   6125:     printinghtmlmort(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
                   6126:                     stepm, weightopt,\
                   6127:                     model,imx,p,matcov,agemortsup);
                   6128:     
                   6129:     free_vector(lsurv,1,AGESUP);
                   6130:     free_vector(lpop,1,AGESUP);
                   6131:     free_vector(tpop,1,AGESUP);
1.136     brouard  6132: #ifdef GSL
                   6133:     free_ivector(cens,1,n);
                   6134:     free_vector(agecens,1,n);
                   6135:     free_ivector(dcwave,1,n);
                   6136:     free_matrix(ximort,1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
                   6137: #endif
1.126     brouard  6138:   } /* Endof if mle==-3 */
                   6139:   
                   6140:   else{ /* For mle >=1 */
1.132     brouard  6141:     globpr=0;/* debug */
                   6142:     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
1.126     brouard  6143:     printf("First Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
                   6144:     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
                   6145:       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
                   6146:     printf("\n");
                   6147:     globpr=1; /* to print the contributions */
                   6148:     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
                   6149:     printf("Second Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
                   6150:     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
                   6151:       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
                   6152:     printf("\n");
                   6153:     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2 */
                   6154:       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
                   6155:     }
                   6156:     
                   6157:     /*--------- results files --------------*/
                   6158:     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
                   6159:     
                   6160:     
                   6161:     fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
                   6162:     printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
                   6163:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
                   6164:     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   6165:       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
                   6166:        if (k != i) {
                   6167:          printf("%d%d ",i,k);
                   6168:          fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
                   6169:          fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
                   6170:          for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
                   6171:            printf("%lf ",p[jk]);
                   6172:            fprintf(ficlog,"%lf ",p[jk]);
                   6173:            fprintf(ficres,"%lf ",p[jk]);
                   6174:            jk++; 
                   6175:          }
                   6176:          printf("\n");
                   6177:          fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   6178:          fprintf(ficres,"\n");
                   6179:        }
                   6180:       }
                   6181:     }
                   6182:     if(mle!=0){
                   6183:       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
                   6184:       ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
                   6185:       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
                   6186:     }
                   6187:     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
                   6188:     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
                   6189:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
                   6190:     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   6191:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
                   6192:        if (j!=i) {
                   6193:          fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);
                   6194:          printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
                   6195:          fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
                   6196:          for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   6197:            printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);
                   6198:            fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",delti[jk]);
                   6199:            fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);
                   6200:            jk++;
                   6201:          }
                   6202:          printf("\n");
                   6203:          fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   6204:          fprintf(ficres,"\n");
                   6205:        }
                   6206:       }
                   6207:     }
                   6208:     
                   6209:     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
                   6210:     if(mle>=1)
                   6211:       printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
                   6212:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
                   6213:     /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
                   6214:     /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
                   6215:     /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
                   6216:     /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
                   6217:     /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
                   6218:     /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
                   6219:     /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
                   6220:     /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
                   6221:     
                   6222:     
                   6223:     /* Just to have a covariance matrix which will be more understandable
                   6224:        even is we still don't want to manage dictionary of variables
                   6225:     */
                   6226:     for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
                   6227:       jj=0;
                   6228:       for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
                   6229:        for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
                   6230:          if(j==i) continue;
                   6231:          for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
                   6232:            jj++;
                   6233:            ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
                   6234:            if(itimes==1){
                   6235:              if(mle>=1)
                   6236:                printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6237:              fprintf(ficlog,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6238:              fprintf(ficres,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6239:            }else{
                   6240:              if(mle>=1)
                   6241:                printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6242:              fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6243:              fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
                   6244:            }
                   6245:            ll=0;
                   6246:            for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
                   6247:              for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
                   6248:                if(lj==li) continue;
                   6249:                for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
                   6250:                  ll++;
                   6251:                  if(ll<=jj){
                   6252:                    cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
                   6253:                    if(ll<jj){
                   6254:                      if(itimes==1){
                   6255:                        if(mle>=1)
                   6256:                          printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
                   6257:                        fprintf(ficlog," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
                   6258:                        fprintf(ficres," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
                   6259:                      }else{
                   6260:                        if(mle>=1)
                   6261:                          printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6262:                        fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6263:                        fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6264:                      }
                   6265:                    }else{
                   6266:                      if(itimes==1){
                   6267:                        if(mle>=1)
                   6268:                          printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                   6269:                        fprintf(ficlog," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                   6270:                        fprintf(ficres," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
                   6271:                      }else{
                   6272:                        if(mle>=1)
                   6273:                          printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6274:                        fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6275:                        fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
                   6276:                      }
                   6277:                    }
                   6278:                  }
                   6279:                } /* end lk */
                   6280:              } /* end lj */
                   6281:            } /* end li */
                   6282:            if(mle>=1)
                   6283:              printf("\n");
                   6284:            fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
                   6285:            fprintf(ficres,"\n");
                   6286:            numlinepar++;
                   6287:          } /* end k*/
                   6288:        } /*end j */
                   6289:       } /* end i */
                   6290:     } /* end itimes */
                   6291:     
                   6292:     fflush(ficlog);
                   6293:     fflush(ficres);
                   6294:     
                   6295:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   6296:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6297:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
1.141     brouard  6298:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  6299:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   6300:     }
                   6301:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6302:     
                   6303:     estepm=0;
                   6304:     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
                   6305:     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
                   6306:     if (fage <= 2) {
                   6307:       bage = ageminpar;
                   6308:       fage = agemaxpar;
                   6309:     }
                   6310:     
                   6311:     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
                   6312:     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
                   6313:     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
                   6314:     
                   6315:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   6316:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6317:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
1.141     brouard  6318:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  6319:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   6320:     }
                   6321:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6322:     
                   6323:     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
                   6324:     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
                   6325:     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
                   6326:     printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
                   6327:     fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
                   6328:     
                   6329:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   6330:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6331:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
1.141     brouard  6332:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  6333:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   6334:     }
                   6335:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6336:     
                   6337:     
                   6338:     dateprev1=anprev1+(mprev1-1)/12.+(jprev1-1)/365.;
                   6339:     dateprev2=anprev2+(mprev2-1)/12.+(jprev2-1)/365.;
                   6340:     
                   6341:     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
                   6342:     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
                   6343:     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
                   6344:     
                   6345:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
                   6346:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6347:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
1.141     brouard  6348:       fputs(line,stdout);
1.126     brouard  6349:       fputs(line,ficparo);
                   6350:     }
                   6351:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
                   6352:     
                   6353:     fscanf(ficpar,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj);
                   6354:     fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
                   6355:     printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
                   6356:     fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
                   6357:     fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
                   6358:     /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
                   6359:     
                   6360:     
                   6361:     
1.145     brouard  6362:      /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint); */
                   6363:     /* ,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2); */
1.126     brouard  6364:     
                   6365:     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
                   6366:     printinggnuplot(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
                   6367:     
                   6368:     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,\
                   6369:                 model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,\
                   6370:                 jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
                   6371:       
                   6372:    /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
                   6373:    /*  chdir(path); */
                   6374:  
                   6375:     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
                   6376:     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
                   6377:     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
                   6378:     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);   
                   6379:     free_lvector(num,1,n);
                   6380:     free_vector(agedc,1,n);
                   6381:     /*free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
                   6382:     /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
                   6383:     fclose(ficparo);
                   6384:     fclose(ficres);
                   6385: 
                   6386: 
                   6387:     /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
1.145     brouard  6388: #include "prevlim.h"  /* Use ficrespl, ficlog */
1.126     brouard  6389:     fclose(ficrespl);
                   6390: 
1.145     brouard  6391: #ifdef FREEEXIT2
                   6392: #include "freeexit2.h"
                   6393: #endif
                   6394: 
1.126     brouard  6395:     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
1.145     brouard  6396: #include "hpijx.h"
                   6397:     fclose(ficrespij);
1.126     brouard  6398: 
1.145     brouard  6399:   /*-------------- Variance of one-step probabilities---*/
                   6400:     k=1;
1.126     brouard  6401:     varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, bage, fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,strstart);
                   6402: 
                   6403: 
                   6404:     probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   6405:     for(i=1;i<=AGESUP;i++)
                   6406:       for(j=1;j<=NCOVMAX;j++)
                   6407:        for(k=1;k<=NCOVMAX;k++)
                   6408:          probs[i][j][k]=0.;
                   6409: 
                   6410:     /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
                   6411:     /*if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){*/
                   6412:     if(prevfcast==1){
                   6413:       /*    if(stepm ==1){*/
                   6414:       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
                   6415:       /* (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);*/
                   6416:       /*      }  */
                   6417:       /*      else{ */
                   6418:       /*        erreur=108; */
                   6419:       /*        printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
                   6420:       /*        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
                   6421:       /*      } */
                   6422:     }
                   6423:   
                   6424: 
1.127     brouard  6425:     /* Computes prevalence between agemin (i.e minimal age computed) and no more ageminpar */
                   6426: 
                   6427:     prevalence(probs, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
                   6428:     /*  printf("ageminpar=%f, agemax=%f, s[lastpass][imx]=%d, agev[lastpass][imx]=%f, nlstate=%d, imx=%d,  mint[lastpass][imx]=%f, anint[lastpass][imx]=%f,dateprev1=%f, dateprev2=%f, firstpass=%d, lastpass=%d\n",\
                   6429:        ageminpar, agemax, s[lastpass][imx], agev[lastpass][imx], nlstate, imx, mint[lastpass][imx],anint[lastpass][imx], dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
                   6430:     */
1.126     brouard  6431: 
1.127     brouard  6432:     if (mobilav!=0) {
                   6433:       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   6434:       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
                   6435:        fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   6436:        printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
                   6437:       }
1.126     brouard  6438:     }
                   6439: 
                   6440: 
1.127     brouard  6441:     /*---------- Health expectancies, no variances ------------*/
                   6442: 
1.126     brouard  6443:     strcpy(filerese,"e");
                   6444:     strcat(filerese,fileres);
                   6445:     if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6446:       printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
                   6447:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
                   6448:     }
                   6449:     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
                   6450:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
1.145     brouard  6451:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
                   6452:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
                   6453:           
                   6454:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
1.127     brouard  6455:        fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
                   6456:        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
                   6457:          fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6458:        }
                   6459:        fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
                   6460: 
                   6461:        eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   6462:        oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
                   6463:        evsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart);  
                   6464:       
                   6465:        free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
1.145     brouard  6466:       /*}*/
1.127     brouard  6467:     }
                   6468:     fclose(ficreseij);
                   6469: 
                   6470: 
                   6471:     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
                   6472: 
                   6473: 
                   6474:     strcpy(filerest,"t");
                   6475:     strcat(filerest,fileres);
                   6476:     if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6477:       printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
                   6478:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
                   6479:     }
                   6480:     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
                   6481:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
                   6482: 
1.126     brouard  6483: 
                   6484:     strcpy(fileresstde,"stde");
                   6485:     strcat(fileresstde,fileres);
                   6486:     if((ficresstdeij=fopen(fileresstde,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6487:       printf("Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
                   6488:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
                   6489:     }
                   6490:     printf("Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
                   6491:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
                   6492: 
                   6493:     strcpy(filerescve,"cve");
                   6494:     strcat(filerescve,fileres);
                   6495:     if((ficrescveij=fopen(filerescve,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6496:       printf("Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
                   6497:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
                   6498:     }
                   6499:     printf("Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
                   6500:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
                   6501: 
                   6502:     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
                   6503:     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
                   6504:     if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6505:       printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
                   6506:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
                   6507:     }
                   6508:     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
                   6509:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
                   6510: 
1.145     brouard  6511:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
                   6512:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
                   6513:           
                   6514:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
                   6515:        fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
1.126     brouard  6516:        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
                   6517:          fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6518:        fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
                   6519: 
                   6520:        fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
                   6521:        fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
                   6522:        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
                   6523:          fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6524:          fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6525:        }
                   6526:        fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
                   6527:        fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
                   6528: 
                   6529:        fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
                   6530:        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
                   6531:          fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6532:        fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
                   6533: 
                   6534:        eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   6535:        oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
1.127     brouard  6536:        cvevsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart);  
1.145     brouard  6537:        /*
                   6538:         */
                   6539:        /* goto endfree; */
1.126     brouard  6540:  
                   6541:        vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   6542:        pstamp(ficrest);
1.145     brouard  6543: 
                   6544: 
1.128     brouard  6545:        for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
1.145     brouard  6546:          oldm=oldms;savm=savms; /* Segmentation fault */
                   6547:          varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,vpopbased,mobilav, strstart);
                   6548:          fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
1.128     brouard  6549:          if(vpopbased==1)
                   6550:            fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d)\n",mobilav);
                   6551:          else
                   6552:            fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
                   6553:          fprintf(ficrest,"# Age e.. (std) ");
                   6554:          for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
                   6555:          fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
1.126     brouard  6556: 
1.128     brouard  6557:          epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
                   6558:          for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
                   6559:            prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
                   6560:            if (vpopbased==1) {
                   6561:              if(mobilav ==0){
                   6562:                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   6563:                  prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
                   6564:              }else{ /* mobilav */ 
                   6565:                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                   6566:                  prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
                   6567:              }
1.126     brouard  6568:            }
                   6569:        
1.128     brouard  6570:            fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
                   6571:            for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
                   6572:              for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
                   6573:                epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
                   6574:                /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
                   6575:              }
                   6576:              epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
1.126     brouard  6577:            }
                   6578: 
1.128     brouard  6579:            for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
                   6580:              for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
                   6581:                vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
                   6582:            fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
                   6583:            for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
                   6584:              fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
                   6585:            }
                   6586:            fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
1.126     brouard  6587:          }
                   6588:        }
                   6589:        free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
                   6590:        free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
                   6591:        free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
1.145     brouard  6592:       /*}*/
1.126     brouard  6593:     }
                   6594:     free_vector(weight,1,n);
1.145     brouard  6595:     free_imatrix(Tvard,1,NCOVMAX,1,2);
1.126     brouard  6596:     free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
                   6597:     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n); 
                   6598:     free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
                   6599:     free_ivector(cod,1,n);
                   6600:     free_ivector(tab,1,NCOVMAX);
                   6601:     fclose(ficresstdeij);
                   6602:     fclose(ficrescveij);
                   6603:     fclose(ficresvij);
                   6604:     fclose(ficrest);
                   6605:     fclose(ficpar);
                   6606:   
                   6607:     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/   
                   6608: 
                   6609:     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
                   6610:     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
                   6611:     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
                   6612:       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
                   6613:       exit(0);
                   6614:     }
                   6615:     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
                   6616: 
1.145     brouard  6617:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
                   6618:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
                   6619:           
                   6620:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
                   6621:        fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
1.126     brouard  6622:        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
                   6623:          fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
                   6624:        fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
                   6625:       
                   6626:        varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
                   6627:        oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
                   6628:        varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k,strstart);
                   6629:        free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
1.145     brouard  6630:       /*}*/
1.126     brouard  6631:     }
                   6632: 
                   6633:     fclose(ficresvpl);
                   6634: 
                   6635:     /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
                   6636:     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   6637:     free_ma3x(probs,1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
                   6638:   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
1.131     brouard  6639:  endfree:
1.141     brouard  6640:     free_matrix(prlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate); /*here or after loop ? */
1.126     brouard  6641:     free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   6642:     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   6643:     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   6644:     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
                   6645:     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
                   6646:     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
                   6647:     /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
                   6648:     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); 
                   6649:     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
                   6650:     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
                   6651: 
1.145     brouard  6652:     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,NCOVMAX);
                   6653:     free_ivector(Tvar,1,NCOVMAX);
                   6654:     free_ivector(Tprod,1,NCOVMAX);
                   6655:     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,NCOVMAX);
                   6656:     free_ivector(Tage,1,NCOVMAX);
1.126     brouard  6657: 
                   6658:     free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
                   6659:     free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10);
                   6660:   fflush(fichtm);
                   6661:   fflush(ficgp);
                   6662:   
                   6663: 
                   6664:   if((nberr >0) || (nbwarn>0)){
                   6665:     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings\n",nberr,nbwarn);
                   6666:     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d\n",nberr,nbwarn);
                   6667:   }else{
                   6668:     printf("End of Imach\n");
                   6669:     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
                   6670:   }
                   6671:   printf("See log file on %s\n",filelog);
                   6672:   /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */
1.157     brouard  6673:   /*(void) gettimeofday(&end_time,&tzp);*/
                   6674:   rend_time = time(NULL);  
                   6675:   end_time = *localtime(&rend_time);
                   6676:   /* tml = *localtime(&end_time.tm_sec); */
                   6677:   strcpy(strtend,asctime(&end_time));
1.126     brouard  6678:   printf("Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s",strstart, strtend); 
                   6679:   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s\n",strstart, strtend); 
1.157     brouard  6680:   printf("Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
1.126     brouard  6681: 
1.157     brouard  6682:   printf("Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
                   6683:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
                   6684:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
1.126     brouard  6685:   /*  printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/
                   6686: /*   if(fileappend(fichtm,optionfilehtm)){ */
                   6687:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
                   6688:   fclose(fichtm);
                   6689:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
                   6690:   fclose(fichtmcov);
                   6691:   fclose(ficgp);
                   6692:   fclose(ficlog);
                   6693:   /*------ End -----------*/
                   6694: 
                   6695: 
                   6696:    printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
                   6697:    if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
                   6698:     printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n",path);
                   6699:   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
                   6700:     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
                   6701:   /*strcat(plotcmd,CHARSEPARATOR);*/
                   6702:   sprintf(plotcmd,"gnuplot");
1.157     brouard  6703: #ifdef _WIN32
1.126     brouard  6704:   sprintf(plotcmd,"\"%sgnuplot.exe\"",pathimach);
                   6705: #endif
                   6706:   if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
1.158     brouard  6707:     printf("Error or gnuplot program not found: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
1.126     brouard  6708:     if(!stat(getenv("GNUPLOTBIN"),&info)){
1.158     brouard  6709:       printf("Error or gnuplot program not found: '%s' Environment GNUPLOTBIN not set.\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
1.126     brouard  6710:     }else
                   6711:       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
1.157     brouard  6712: #ifdef __unix
1.126     brouard  6713:     strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);
                   6714:     if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
1.158     brouard  6715:       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
1.126     brouard  6716:     }else
                   6717:       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
                   6718: #endif
                   6719:   }else
                   6720:     strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
                   6721:   
                   6722:   sprintf(plotcmd,"%s %s",pplotcmd, optionfilegnuplot);
1.158     brouard  6723:   printf("Starting graphs with: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
1.126     brouard  6724: 
                   6725:   if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0){
1.158     brouard  6726:     printf("gnuplot command might not be in your path: '%s', err=%d\n", plotcmd, outcmd);
1.154     brouard  6727:     printf("\n Trying if gnuplot resides on the same directory that IMaCh\n");
1.152     brouard  6728:     sprintf(plotcmd,"%sgnuplot %s", pathimach, optionfilegnuplot);
1.150     brouard  6729:     if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0)
1.153     brouard  6730:       printf("\n Still a problem with gnuplot command %s, err=%d\n", plotcmd, outcmd);
1.126     brouard  6731:   }
1.158     brouard  6732:   printf(" Successful, please wait...");
1.126     brouard  6733:   while (z[0] != 'q') {
                   6734:     /* chdir(path); */
1.154     brouard  6735:     printf("\nType e to edit results with your browser, g to graph again and q for exit: ");
1.126     brouard  6736:     scanf("%s",z);
                   6737: /*     if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach"); */
                   6738:     if (z[0] == 'e') {
1.158     brouard  6739: #ifdef __APPLE__
1.152     brouard  6740:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "open %s", optionfilehtm);
1.157     brouard  6741: #elif __linux
                   6742:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "xdg-open %s", optionfilehtm);
1.153     brouard  6743: #else
1.152     brouard  6744:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "%s", optionfilehtm);
1.153     brouard  6745: #endif
                   6746:       printf("Starting browser with: %s",pplotcmd);fflush(stdout);
                   6747:       system(pplotcmd);
1.126     brouard  6748:     }
                   6749:     else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
                   6750:     else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
                   6751:   }
                   6752:   end:
                   6753:   while (z[0] != 'q') {
                   6754:     printf("\nType  q for exiting: ");
                   6755:     scanf("%s",z);
                   6756:   }
                   6757: }

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